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History of Transport 
By 
SATISH SAJJA
Introduction 
• The history of transport evolved with the development of 
human culture. Long distance walking tracks developed as trade 
routes in ancient times. For most of human history the only 
forms of transport apart from walking were using domesticated 
animals or transport in small boats. 
• Various modes of transport like Road transport, Maritime 
Transport, Rail Transport, Air Transport, Space Flight were 
developed subsequently as ages gone by.
Road Transportation 
• The first earth tracks were created by humans carrying goods . 
• Animals were domesticated and horses, oxen and donkeys were 
used as an element for track creation. 
• Later, the travois, a frame used to drag loads, was developed. 
• Animal drawn Wheels were developed in 4th millennium B.C in 
the Ancient east and spread to Europe and India, and then to 
China in about 1200 B.C 
• After the invention of wheel, the necessity of providing a hard 
surface was came in to picture.
Cont.. 
• Romans are the first to develop the road networks for their 
growth in wealth by transporting goods, military operations 
and urbanization, Assyrian Empire constructed first road in 
about 1900 B.C, hence Romans are considered to be pioneers 
in road construction. 
• Various Type of road Construction : 
☺ Roman Roads – 1900 BC, Appian way 312 B.C-518Kms 
☺ Tresaguet Construction – 1775 A.D (developed during 
Napoleon regime in France). 
☺ Metcalf Construction - 17th century 
☺ Telford Constrution – 1803 A.D. 
☺ Macadam Construction – 1827 A.D 
Note : In India the excavations of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa 
haverevealed the existence of roads in as early as 25 to 35 centuries B.C
Historical Time line of transport 
• Various types of vehicles are used for transportation through 
roads from ancient times to modern era like, wheel barrow, 
Bullock carts, bicycles, motorized two wheelers, Motorized four 
wheelers, etc., 
Time line Invention 
3500 B.C Fixed Wheels on Carts were invented. 
3500 B.C River Boats are incented. 
2000 B.C Horses are domesticated and used for Transportation. 
181-234 Wheel barrow was invented 
1620 First submarine 
1662 Blaise Pascal invents First Public Bus 
1783 First steam boat 
1783 First hot air balloons 
1769 First self-propelled road vehicle invented by Nicolas Joseph Cugnot
Cont.. 
Time line Invention 
1790 Modern Bi-cycle invented. 
1814 George Stephenson invents the first practical steam powered railroad 
locomotive 
1862 Jean Lenoir makes a gasoline engine automobile 
1867 First motorcycle invented 
1871 First cable car was invented. 
1885 Karl Benz builds the world's first practical automobile to be powered by 
an internal combustion engine 
1903 The Wright Brothers invent and fly the first engined airplane 
1908 Henry Ford improves the assembly line for automobile manufacturing 
1908 Hydrofoil boats co-invented by Alexander Graham Bell & Casey Baldwin - 
boats that skimmed water
Cont… 
Time line Invention 
1926 First liquid propelled rocket launched 
1940 Modern helicopters invented 
1947 First supersonic jet flight 
1956 Hovercraft invented 
1964 Bullet train transportation invented 
1969 First manned mission (Apollo) to the Moon 
1970 First jumbo jet 
1981 Space shuttle launched 
1783 First Parachute.
Maritime Transport 
• In the stone ages primitive boats developed to permit navigation 
of rivers and for fishing in rivers and off the coast. 
• With the development of civilization, bigger vessels were 
developed both for trade and war. 
• .In the Mediterranean,galleys were developed about 3000 BC. 
Galleys were eventually rendered obsolete by ocean-going 
sailing ships, such as the Arabic caravel in the 13th 
century, the Chinese treasure ship in the early 15th century, and 
the Mediterranean man-of-war in the late 15th century. In 
the Industrial Revolution, the first steamboats and later diesel-powered 
ships were developed. 
• Eventuallysubmarines were developed mainly for military 
purposes.
Cont… 
• Meanwhile specialised craft were developed for river and canal 
transport. Canals were developed in Mesopotamia 4000 BC. 
The Indus Valley Civilization in Pakistan and North India (from 
2600 BC) had the first canal irrigation system in the world. 
• The longest canal of ancient times was the Grand Canal of 
China. It is 1,794 kilometers (1,115 mi) long and was built to 
carry the Emperor Yang Guang between Beijing and Hangzhou. 
• Canals were developed in the Middle 
Ages in Europe in Venice and the Netherlands. 
• In the Industrial Revolution, inland canals were built in History 
of the British canal system England and later the United 
States before the development of railways. Specialised craft 
were also developed for fishing and later whaling.
Rail Transport 
• The history of rail transportation dates back nearly 500 years, and 
includes systems with man or horse power and rails of wood (or 
occasionally stone). 
• This was usually for moving coal from the mine down to a river, 
from where it could continue by boat, with a flanged wheel 
running on a rail. 
• The use of cast iron plates as rails began in the 1760s, and was 
followed by systems (plateways) where the flange was part of the 
rail. However, with the introduction of rolled wrought iron rails, 
these became obsolete.
Cont… 
• Modern rail transport systems first appeared in England in the 
1820s. These systems, which made use of the steam 
locomotive, were the first practical form of mechanized land 
transport, and they remained the primary form of mechanized 
land transport for the next 100 years
Aviation 
• Humanity's desire to fly likely dates to the first time man 
observed birds, an observation illustrated in the legendary stories 
of Daedalus and Icarus in Greek mythology, and 
the Vimanas in Indian mythology. 
• Much of the focus of early research was on imitating birds, but 
through trial and error, balloons, airships, gliders and eventually 
powered aircraft and other types of flying machines were 
invented. 
• Kites were the first form of man-made flying objects,[2] and early 
records suggest that kites were around before 200 BC in China.
Cont… 
• During the 17th and 18th century, when scientists began 
analysing the Earth's atmosphere, gases such as hydrogen were 
discovered which in turn led to the invention of hydrogen 
balloons. 
• Various theories in mechanics by physicists during the same 
period of time—notably fluid dynamics and Newton's laws of 
motion—led to the foundation of modern aerodynamics. 
• TheWright brothers made the first sustained, controlled and 
powered heavier-than-air flight on December 17, 1903, in their 
revolutionary aircraft, theWright Flyer.
Cont… 
• World War II saw a drastic increase in the pace of aircraft 
development and production. All countries involved in the war 
stepped up development and production of aircraft and flight 
based weapon delivery systems, such as the first long range 
bomber. 
• After the war ended, commercial aviation grew rapidly, using 
mostly ex-military aircraft to transport people and cargo. 
• The first commercial jet airliner to fly was the British De 
Havilland Comet. This marked the beginning of the Jet Age, a 
period of relatively cheap and fast international travel.
pictures 
• The Ariel, the first high-wheel Ordinary, is manufactured in Britian. 
• This image shows an "Ordinary" bicycle in late 1800. 
• First gas engine motor cylce.
Cont… 
• Steam powered car in 1771 
• Pilots pushing an early Spitfire Mark IXb, Biggin Hill, late 1942.
• McCall's first (top) and improved velocipede of 1869
• Wooden draisine (around 1820), the earliest two-wheeler.
Ordinary bicycle, Skoda Museum, Mlada Boleslav, Czech 
Republic
Bicycle in Victorian Plymouth England, with a predecessor of the 
Starley diamond-frame
Replica of First Motorcycle by Daimler
Ural650cc sidecar two-wheel drive
Motorbike "NSU SportMax" (1955) at the de:Deutsches Zweirad-und 
NSU-Museum Neckarsulm/Germany,
A Chinese Sui Dynasty(581–618 AD) cart figurine pulled by a 
bull.
An iron-tyred wooden-spoked cart wheel
A charrette, a wooden French cart
Carts from different Malay regions, exhibited at the Muzium 
Negara.
Hand-propelled wheel cart, Indus Valley Civilization (3000–1500 
BCE). Housed at theNational Museum, New Delhi.
Horse drawn railway coach, late 18th century
Parisian Omnibus, late nineteenth century
Retired GM bus
Old bus, serving Viveiro and Lugo in 
Galicia, Spain
Cugnot's steam wagon, the second (1771) 
version
Model-T Ford car parked outside GeelongLibrary at its launch in 
Australia in 1915
1885-built Benz Patent Motorwagen, the first car to go 
into production with an internal combustion engine
The second Marcus car of 1888 at the 
Technical Museum in Vienna
A Stanley Steamer racecar in 1903. In 1906, a similar 
Stanley Rocket set the world land speed record at 
205.5km/h at Daytona Beach Road Course.
THANK YOU
Utp history

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Utp history

  • 1. History of Transport By SATISH SAJJA
  • 2. Introduction • The history of transport evolved with the development of human culture. Long distance walking tracks developed as trade routes in ancient times. For most of human history the only forms of transport apart from walking were using domesticated animals or transport in small boats. • Various modes of transport like Road transport, Maritime Transport, Rail Transport, Air Transport, Space Flight were developed subsequently as ages gone by.
  • 3. Road Transportation • The first earth tracks were created by humans carrying goods . • Animals were domesticated and horses, oxen and donkeys were used as an element for track creation. • Later, the travois, a frame used to drag loads, was developed. • Animal drawn Wheels were developed in 4th millennium B.C in the Ancient east and spread to Europe and India, and then to China in about 1200 B.C • After the invention of wheel, the necessity of providing a hard surface was came in to picture.
  • 4. Cont.. • Romans are the first to develop the road networks for their growth in wealth by transporting goods, military operations and urbanization, Assyrian Empire constructed first road in about 1900 B.C, hence Romans are considered to be pioneers in road construction. • Various Type of road Construction : ☺ Roman Roads – 1900 BC, Appian way 312 B.C-518Kms ☺ Tresaguet Construction – 1775 A.D (developed during Napoleon regime in France). ☺ Metcalf Construction - 17th century ☺ Telford Constrution – 1803 A.D. ☺ Macadam Construction – 1827 A.D Note : In India the excavations of Mohenjo-daro and Harappa haverevealed the existence of roads in as early as 25 to 35 centuries B.C
  • 5. Historical Time line of transport • Various types of vehicles are used for transportation through roads from ancient times to modern era like, wheel barrow, Bullock carts, bicycles, motorized two wheelers, Motorized four wheelers, etc., Time line Invention 3500 B.C Fixed Wheels on Carts were invented. 3500 B.C River Boats are incented. 2000 B.C Horses are domesticated and used for Transportation. 181-234 Wheel barrow was invented 1620 First submarine 1662 Blaise Pascal invents First Public Bus 1783 First steam boat 1783 First hot air balloons 1769 First self-propelled road vehicle invented by Nicolas Joseph Cugnot
  • 6. Cont.. Time line Invention 1790 Modern Bi-cycle invented. 1814 George Stephenson invents the first practical steam powered railroad locomotive 1862 Jean Lenoir makes a gasoline engine automobile 1867 First motorcycle invented 1871 First cable car was invented. 1885 Karl Benz builds the world's first practical automobile to be powered by an internal combustion engine 1903 The Wright Brothers invent and fly the first engined airplane 1908 Henry Ford improves the assembly line for automobile manufacturing 1908 Hydrofoil boats co-invented by Alexander Graham Bell & Casey Baldwin - boats that skimmed water
  • 7. Cont… Time line Invention 1926 First liquid propelled rocket launched 1940 Modern helicopters invented 1947 First supersonic jet flight 1956 Hovercraft invented 1964 Bullet train transportation invented 1969 First manned mission (Apollo) to the Moon 1970 First jumbo jet 1981 Space shuttle launched 1783 First Parachute.
  • 8. Maritime Transport • In the stone ages primitive boats developed to permit navigation of rivers and for fishing in rivers and off the coast. • With the development of civilization, bigger vessels were developed both for trade and war. • .In the Mediterranean,galleys were developed about 3000 BC. Galleys were eventually rendered obsolete by ocean-going sailing ships, such as the Arabic caravel in the 13th century, the Chinese treasure ship in the early 15th century, and the Mediterranean man-of-war in the late 15th century. In the Industrial Revolution, the first steamboats and later diesel-powered ships were developed. • Eventuallysubmarines were developed mainly for military purposes.
  • 9. Cont… • Meanwhile specialised craft were developed for river and canal transport. Canals were developed in Mesopotamia 4000 BC. The Indus Valley Civilization in Pakistan and North India (from 2600 BC) had the first canal irrigation system in the world. • The longest canal of ancient times was the Grand Canal of China. It is 1,794 kilometers (1,115 mi) long and was built to carry the Emperor Yang Guang between Beijing and Hangzhou. • Canals were developed in the Middle Ages in Europe in Venice and the Netherlands. • In the Industrial Revolution, inland canals were built in History of the British canal system England and later the United States before the development of railways. Specialised craft were also developed for fishing and later whaling.
  • 10. Rail Transport • The history of rail transportation dates back nearly 500 years, and includes systems with man or horse power and rails of wood (or occasionally stone). • This was usually for moving coal from the mine down to a river, from where it could continue by boat, with a flanged wheel running on a rail. • The use of cast iron plates as rails began in the 1760s, and was followed by systems (plateways) where the flange was part of the rail. However, with the introduction of rolled wrought iron rails, these became obsolete.
  • 11. Cont… • Modern rail transport systems first appeared in England in the 1820s. These systems, which made use of the steam locomotive, were the first practical form of mechanized land transport, and they remained the primary form of mechanized land transport for the next 100 years
  • 12. Aviation • Humanity's desire to fly likely dates to the first time man observed birds, an observation illustrated in the legendary stories of Daedalus and Icarus in Greek mythology, and the Vimanas in Indian mythology. • Much of the focus of early research was on imitating birds, but through trial and error, balloons, airships, gliders and eventually powered aircraft and other types of flying machines were invented. • Kites were the first form of man-made flying objects,[2] and early records suggest that kites were around before 200 BC in China.
  • 13. Cont… • During the 17th and 18th century, when scientists began analysing the Earth's atmosphere, gases such as hydrogen were discovered which in turn led to the invention of hydrogen balloons. • Various theories in mechanics by physicists during the same period of time—notably fluid dynamics and Newton's laws of motion—led to the foundation of modern aerodynamics. • TheWright brothers made the first sustained, controlled and powered heavier-than-air flight on December 17, 1903, in their revolutionary aircraft, theWright Flyer.
  • 14. Cont… • World War II saw a drastic increase in the pace of aircraft development and production. All countries involved in the war stepped up development and production of aircraft and flight based weapon delivery systems, such as the first long range bomber. • After the war ended, commercial aviation grew rapidly, using mostly ex-military aircraft to transport people and cargo. • The first commercial jet airliner to fly was the British De Havilland Comet. This marked the beginning of the Jet Age, a period of relatively cheap and fast international travel.
  • 15. pictures • The Ariel, the first high-wheel Ordinary, is manufactured in Britian. • This image shows an "Ordinary" bicycle in late 1800. • First gas engine motor cylce.
  • 16. Cont… • Steam powered car in 1771 • Pilots pushing an early Spitfire Mark IXb, Biggin Hill, late 1942.
  • 17. • McCall's first (top) and improved velocipede of 1869
  • 18. • Wooden draisine (around 1820), the earliest two-wheeler.
  • 19. Ordinary bicycle, Skoda Museum, Mlada Boleslav, Czech Republic
  • 20. Bicycle in Victorian Plymouth England, with a predecessor of the Starley diamond-frame
  • 21. Replica of First Motorcycle by Daimler
  • 23. Motorbike "NSU SportMax" (1955) at the de:Deutsches Zweirad-und NSU-Museum Neckarsulm/Germany,
  • 24. A Chinese Sui Dynasty(581–618 AD) cart figurine pulled by a bull.
  • 26. A charrette, a wooden French cart
  • 27. Carts from different Malay regions, exhibited at the Muzium Negara.
  • 28. Hand-propelled wheel cart, Indus Valley Civilization (3000–1500 BCE). Housed at theNational Museum, New Delhi.
  • 29. Horse drawn railway coach, late 18th century
  • 30. Parisian Omnibus, late nineteenth century
  • 32. Old bus, serving Viveiro and Lugo in Galicia, Spain
  • 33. Cugnot's steam wagon, the second (1771) version
  • 34. Model-T Ford car parked outside GeelongLibrary at its launch in Australia in 1915
  • 35. 1885-built Benz Patent Motorwagen, the first car to go into production with an internal combustion engine
  • 36. The second Marcus car of 1888 at the Technical Museum in Vienna
  • 37. A Stanley Steamer racecar in 1903. In 1906, a similar Stanley Rocket set the world land speed record at 205.5km/h at Daytona Beach Road Course.