class ix

1. POVERTY AS A CHALLENGE

2. CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION TO POVERTY
MAJOR REASONS FOR POVERTY
ANTI POVERTY MEASURES
VULNERABILITY
TYPES OF POVERTY
BELOW POVERTY LINE

3. INTRODUCTION TO POVERTY
POVERTY IS THE LACK OF BASIC HUMAN NEEDS,
NUTRITION, HEALTH CARE EDUCATION, CLOTHING
AND
SHELTER, BECAUSE OF THE INABILITY TO AFFORD THEM

4. MAJOR REASONS FOR POVERTY
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R A P I D LY R I S I N G P O P U L AT I O N
L O W P R O D U C T I V I T Y I N A G R I C U LT U R E
UNDER UTILIZED RESOURCES
PRICE RISE
U N E M P LOYM EN T
LANDLESSNESS
CHILD LABOUR
MALNUTRITION
BRIBERY

6. PROMOTION OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
•
THE GROWTH RATE JUMPED FROM THE AVERAGE OF ABOUT
3.5 PERCENT A YEAR IN THE 1970S TO ABOUT 6 PERCENT
DURING THE 1980S AND 1990S.
• THE HIGHER GROWTH RATES HAVE HELPED SIGNIFICANTLY IN
THE REDUCTION OF POVERTY.
• ECONOMIC GROWTH WIDENS OPPORTUNITIES AND
PROVIDES THE RESOURCES NEEDED TO INVEST IN HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT.

7. TARGETED ANTI-POVERTY PROGRAMMES AND
SCHEMES
NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYMENT GUARANTEE ACT-2005
NATIONAL FOOD FOR WORK PROGRAMME – 2004
PRIME MINISTER ROZGAR YOZANA – 1993
RURAL EMPLOYMENT GENERATION PROGRAMME – 1995
SWARNAJAYANTI GRAM SWAROZGAR YOJANA – 1999
PRADHAN MANTRI GRAMODAYA YOZANA – 2000
ANTYODATA ANNA YOZANA

8. VULNERABILITY
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VULNERABILITY TO POVERTY IS A MEASURE, WHICH DESCRIBES
THE GREATER PROBABILITY OF CERTAIN COMMUNITIES OR
INDIVIDUALS OF BECOMING OR REMAINING POOR IN THE
UPCOMING YEARS
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VULNERABILITY IS DETERMINED BY THE OPTIONS AVAILABLE
TO DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES FOR FINDING AN ALTERNATIVE
LIVING IN TERMS OF ASSETS, EDUCATION, HEALTH AND JOB
OPPURTUNITIES.

9. TYPES OF POVERTY
RURAL POVERTY
URBAN POVERTY

11. Poverty line (BPL)
Below Poverty Line is an economic
benchmark and poverty threshold used by
the government of India to indicate economic
disadvantage and to identify individuals and
households in need of government assistance and
aid.

14. THANK YOU