1. International Sports Science and Medicine
Symposium@ 17-18 May 2012
Practical Monitoring Tools
For Recovery
Taisuke Kinugasa, PhD
Senior Sports Physiologist
Singapore Sports Institute
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2. Management of Recovery
Recovery
Recovery
plan based
sessions
on training
Monitoring
Feedback &
Assessment
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3. Continuum of Training
Under Optimal Over- Over-
Training Training reaching training
Performance
Over Optimal Under Serious
Recovery Recovery Recovery Under
Recovery
Training load
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4. Monitoring Tools
Performance indicators (Halson and Jeukendrup, 2004)
What factors? Why changed? (Fry et al, 1997; Rowbottom et al,
1998)
Physiological measures
HLa/RPE (Snyder et al, 1993)
Catecholamine (Hooper et al, 1993)
Glutamine (Mackinnon and Hooper, 1996; Rowbottom et al,
1996)
IgA (Gleeson et al, 1995; Mackinnon and Hooper, 1995)
5-HT (Serotonin) receptors (Budgett et al, 2010)
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5. Subjective Monitoring Tools
Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes
(RESTQ-Sport) (Kellmann et al, 2001)
Total Quality of Recovery (TQR) (Kennta, 1996)
Daily Analysis of Life Demands of Athletes
(DALDA) (Russell, 1990)
Daily self-monitoring log (Hooper and
Mackinnon, 1995)
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6. RESTQ-Sport
Kellmann and Kallus (2001) Kellmann and Günther (2000)
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7. TQR
• Copy: Arial, font size 20
• Copy: Arial, font size 20
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8. DALDA
Russell (1990)
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9. Daily Self-Monitoring Log
Adapted from Hooper et al (1995)
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10. Single-Subject Research Designs
• Copy: Arial, font size 20
• Copy: Arial, font size 20
To observe one or a few athletes’ outcome (eg
performance) as a dependent variable with repeated
measurements and to compare the changes to assess an
intervention effect (Kinugasa et al, 2004)
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11. Individualized Monitoring
using Daily Log
Single-subject research design: the AB design
Participant: a female swimmer A (18 yr, 159cm, 58kg) over 11 weeks
(75 days) leading to Beijing Olympics 2008
Training:
Phase 1: Specific preparation (Quality/Speed) 14 days
Phase 2: Specific preparation (Quality/Specific) 14 days
Phase 3: Pre-competition (Quality/Specific) 14 days
Phase 4: Pre-competition (Speed/Specific) 18 days
Phase 5: Taper 15 days
Daily log: self-ratings of performance readiness (eg stress and sleep
quality) on a 5-point scale (eg 1, low to 5, high)
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12. Daily Log Results
SP1 SP2 PC1 PC2 T C SP1 SP2 PC1 PC2 T C
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13. Swimmer A’s Changes
in Stress
High M↑ M, S, L ↓
ES = 1.66 ES = 2.69
Low
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14. Swimmer A’s Changes
in Sleep Quality
High S↑
Low
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15. Daily Log Results
SP1 SP2 PC1 PC2 T C SP1 SP2 PC1 PC2 T C
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16. Summary
No study has shown that laboratory testing is
more reliable or valid than daily log (Mackinnon
and Hooper, 2000)
Daily log is a simple, cost effective, and non-
invasive tool for monitoring training and
recovery
Daily log using the single-subject research
approach can closely monitor elite athletes’
recovery processes for major competition
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17. THE END
Distribution of this material or derivative of this material in any form is strictly prohibited without the express written permission from
the Singapore Sports Council (SSC).
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