1. The Cluj Initiative and what is behind
BBL, BRC, 28th November, 2012
Adrian Raulea, Head of Department for Development, Municipality of Cluj
Cristina Rat, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj
Gabriella Tonk, Local Project Coordinator, UNDP Romania
Marta Marczis, CTA, UNDP

2. Based on your own experience, have you ever
wondered why certain local communities perform better
than others and how this phenomenon affects territorial
disparities?
And how to change it?

3. Lost ‘power of place’ – Increasing territorial
disparities
“Complex problems”
Demography – Education – Remoteness – Employment, which problems
interact and generate ‘vicious circles’ that reproduce and amplify the
phenomenon of area based poverty and exclusion
Unbalanced development policies
Economic devaluation of the peripheral territories and lack of interest on
“small scale” development in close relation to exclusion of poor and
vulnerable
Lost local capability to mobilize endogenous socio-economic-
environmental resources and/or absorb external resources

4. Regional (territorial) development bottlenecks
Lacking
 participation, action, strategy and programme sustainability on local
level;
 unified data/monitoring/organization system, network building,
knowledge products and pools
 coordination in planning and implementation of programmes and
projects and a gap between national and sub-national/local level
 managerial and operational capacity either to plan or to implement
complex public policies on national and sub-national level;
 political/administrative weight necessary for coordinating the
different ministries and administration potentially involved in Roma
inclusion policies
Sectoral, fragmented (instead of integrated funding and institutional
frames) and short-term, project oriented approach (instead of
financing long term complex processes)

5. Consequences for ‘Territorial’ consequences
individuals
 human capacity for local
 lost self-confidence and trust in
development is lacking, while
future perspectives
exclusion and discrimination is
 low ambition, inactivity, depression growing, which causes lack of
 lost “local knowledge” and “life- absorption confers serious social
management” skills and economic problems
 low qualifications and working skills  infrastructural and institutional
 aid dependency coverage is weak
 growing feeling of exclusion and  lack of services
discrimination  limited information access
 increasing health and family-  exquisitely high unemployment
problems (including problems with  weak “voice”
drug and alcohol)  widespread practice of usury and
increasing criminality
… and the victims: 1 million people, 10 % of the people live in disadvantaged
areas in Hungary.

6. Refugees or European citizens?

7. The “holy trinity” of the
Community-led Local Development
‘Area’
‘Partnership’
and
‘Strategy’

8. ‘Legal empowerment’ suggests that the communities living
out of mainstream create the necessary services and our
job is to legalize them and make them effective
Ensure that we have a
person/company
running utilities
People, families or small
communities could
become their own
supplier via use of
renewable and micro
grids

9. KEYS to inclusive local development
Target group must
be the actor of local
development +
 Area-based approach
 Both top-down and bottom-up
in character
Community level
intervention for
 Three-partite Partnership
 Management and Financing
 Integrated and Multi-sectoral
approach – Linkage between Inclusive
actions
 Innovation
 National and trans-national
Development
Cooperation and Networking

10. Capacity is development!
 Local animation - External coaching to mobilize local resources and bring
innovation
 Global -grant - ‘Learning by doing’ to develop local skills and partnerships
through ‘action’
 Social organization – From self-help to social and economic integration
 Local Inclusion Centre - Creating focal point for localizing development .
Serving as information, training, CD, monitoring and evaluation hub for the
pilots, opened for others too
 Built and functioning development network and communication channels of
the pilots opened for others too
 Increase the absorption area based – Generating, financing and
implementing flagship projects and creating future action plan
 Provide model to other regions and programmes
 Across borders over political and professional border lines

11. Local mobilization

12. Community coaching
for launching social innovation

13. Strategy is not the first and it is
not a paper
Participatory actions
Mapped and re-organized (local) resources
(assessment)
Partnerships and projects will born
Strategy – it is a process
Multi-level networking and
Local development and inclusion centre

14. Might it starts with seeing
dentist, or playing football

15. Capacity development to alleviate
area-based poverty

16. Use ‘prototypes’
Cserehat
Cluj, Cakovec
Pecs, Galati,
Braila,
Bucharest, ….

17. It is our choice
to see inside
II or outside

18. Thank you!
Contact:
E-mail: marta.marczis@undp.org