This document provides information on the history and culture of Native American tribes that lived in four regions of North America: the Southwest, Pacific Northwest, Great Plains, and Eastern Woodlands. It describes the locations, food sources, clothing, shelters, and ceremonies of tribes in each region. Tribes in the Southwest lived in the American Southwest and northern Mexico, farmed crops like corn and cotton, lived in adobe buildings, and held Kachina ceremonies. Pacific Northwest tribes lived along the Pacific coast from Alaska to Washington, fished and gathered berries, wore cedar bark clothing, lived in longhouses, and held Potlatch ceremonies.

1. History of Native Americans Southwest, Pacific Northwest, Great Plains, & Eastern Woodland Tribes

2. Southwest Tribes Where? Lived in Arizona, New Mexico, South Colorado, and northern Mexico area. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nordamerikanische_Kulturareale_en.png

3. Southwest (con.) Food Farmers Grew corn, beans, squash, melons, pumpkins, and fruit Wild turkeys Caitlin Regan, “Corn”, February 28 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution Wizan, “fruit” February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

4. Southwest (con.) Clothing Climate so warm they didn’t need much clothing Wore moccasins on their feet Grew cotton when it was colder Flydime, “Cotton” February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

5. Southwest (con.) Shelter Lived in buildings made of adobe. Mixture of clay and straw Made on cliffs in shallow caves Used bones & wood to make latters to reach upper levels B A Bowen Photography, “Anasazi Dwelling” February 28 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

6. Southwest (con.) Ceremonies Kachinas: spirits of ancestors Return to bring clouds & rain norwichnuts, “Rain Coming”, February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

7. Pacific Northwest Tribes Where? Along Pacific Ocean From southern Alaska into Washington State.

8. Pacific Northwest (con.) Food David Saddler, “Ocean City” February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution Used Ocean as main food source Fruit from the forest James Dowe, “Berries”, February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

9. Pacific Northwest (con.) Clothing Made from cedar bark to protect from wind & rain Necklaces made from beaver teeth, bear claws, & clamshells Michael Scheltgen, “National Geographic Tree”, February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

10. Pacific Northwest (con.) Shelter Big houses made from red cedar tree Roof made of wood planks to keep rain out Totem pole outside of the home represents the many generations Paul Mannix, “Totem pole” February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

11. Pacific Northwest (con.) Ceremonies Potlatch: dancing & gift giving Wore animal masks & covered in feathers & paint Destroyed valuables to gain great wealth Ellenm1, “Wolf Mask”, February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

12. Great Plains Tribes Where? Area between the Mississippi & Rocky Mountains

13. Great Plains Tribes (con.) Food Hunters & Gathers Trade amongst tribes Buffalo & Antelope ForsterFoto, “Antelope”, February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

14. Great Plains Tribes (con.) Clothing Men wore animal skin leggings, loin cloth, & belt Buffalo skin when cold Women wore dresses made of deerskin ValentinaStorli, “Buffalo”, February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

15. Great Plains Tribes (con.) Shelter Lived in teepees made by leaning poles together and draping with buffalo skin Dominic Alves, “Teepee”, February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution.

16. Great Plains Tribes (con.) Ceremonies Sun Dance: 4 day celebration in the summer Ghost Dance: took place at night, believed to be able to talk to ancestors gr33n3gg, “Sun”, February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

17. Woodland Tribes Where? From Maryland to the Great Lake Area and into Maine

18. Woodland Tribes (con.) Food Hunters & Gathers Hunted Bear, moose, bison, & fishermen Ate corn, beans, & berries Grew squash, pumpkins, & melons Thierry, “Bear” February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution James, “Moose” February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

19. Woodland Tribes (con.) Clothing Wore clothing made from animal skin Moccasins made from buckskin Women wove grass skirts Emma Jane Hogbin, “Hand Made Moccasins” February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

20. Woodland Tribes (con.) Shelter Wigwams: round wooden-framed structures, covered in bark Longhouses: rectangular wooden-framed structure covered in bark Jonathan Teiller, “DSC_1673.JPG” February 28, 2011 via Flickr, Creative Commons Attribution

21. Woodland Tribes (con.) Ceremonies Cry ceremony: performed when member died, 5 days long chief would dance and sing around fire Wore masks to cure diseases said to scare evil spirit out of the sick person

22. Project Things to have on model: Where What type of shelter Food/ other interests Choices: Pacific Northwest Southwest Great Plains Woodland Have fun! Choose one type of American Indian tribe Create a model of the shelter that tribe uses

23. Citations All information was found from the website www.kidzworld.com Northwest Band: http://www.kidzworld.com/article/1387-american-indians-northwest-bands Woodland Band: http://www.kidzworld.com/article/1330-american-indians-woodland-tribes-and-california-indians Southwest Band: http://www.kidzworld.com/article/1389-american-indians-southwest-bands Great Plains Band: http://www.kidzworld.com/article/1303-american-indians-plains-tribes-and-southeastern-tribes