2. NATURAL RESOURCE:
Natural resources are materials and components (something that can be
used) that can be found within the environment. Every man-made product
is composed of natural resources (at its fundamental level). A natural
resource may exist as a separate entity such as fresh water, and air, as well
as a living organism such as a fish, or it may exist in an alternate form
which must be processed to obtain the resource such as metal ores, oil,
and most forms of energy.
3. Natural Resources are classified into different types based
on their origin and availability
Based on their origin natural resources are of 2 types they
are:
Biotic – Biotic resources are obtained from
the biosphere (living and organic material), such
as forests, animals, birds, and fish and the materials that can
be obtained from them. Fossil fuels such
as coal and petroleum are also included in this category
because they are formed from decayed organic matter.
Abiotic – Abiotic resources are those that come from non-
living, non-organic material. Examples of abiotic resources
include land, fresh water, air and heavy metals
including ores such as gold, iron, copper, silver, etc.
4. Based on availability natural resources are classified into two types:
Renewable resources: are ones that can be replenished naturally. Some of these
resources, like sunlight, air, wind, etc., are continuously available and their quantity is not
noticeably affected by human consumption. Though many renewable resources do not
have such a rapid recovery rate, these resources are susceptible to depletion by over-use.
Resources from a human use perspective are classified as renewable only so long as the
rate of replenishment/recovery exceeds that of the rate of consumption.
Non-renewable resources: are resources that form extremely slowly and those that do not
naturally form in the environment. Minerals are the most common resource included in this
category. By the human perspective, resources are non-renewable when their rate of
consumption exceeds the rate of replenishment/recovery; a good example of this are fossil
fuels, which are in this category because their rate of formation is extremely slow
(potentially millions of years), meaning they are considered non-renewable. Some
resources actually naturally deplete in amount without human interference, the most notable
of these being radio-active elements such as uranium, which naturally decay into heavy
metals. Of these, the metallic minerals can be re-used by recycling them, but coal and
petroleum cannot be recycled.
5.
6. BASIC NATURAL RESOURCES:
• Forest resource:
*forest is a land with wide range of
plants/tress and supports the ecosystem.
*from forests man has productive and
protective use.
*Threats to forest resources:
.Deforestation
.Desertification
.Decrease in rainfall
7. Water resource:
* Water is a liquid which is used for drinking ,
stabilization of temperature and for domestic purposes.
*water is called as a universal solvent.
*Water covers 71% of the Earth's surface and is
vital for all known forms of life. On Earth, 96.5% of the planet's
water is found in oceans, 1.7% in groundwater, 1.7% in glaciers
and the ice caps of Antarctica and Greenland, a small fraction in
other large water bodies, and 0.001% in
the air as vapor, clouds (formed of solid and liquid water
particles suspended in air), and precipitation. Only 2.5% of the
Earth's water is freshwater, and 98.8% of that water is in ice and
groundwater. Less than 0.3% of all freshwater is in rivers, lakes,
and the atmosphere, and an even smaller amount of the Earth's
freshwater (0.003%) is contained within biological bodies and
manufactured products.
8. MINERAL RESOURCES
Minerals are commercially valuable non
renewable resources.
A metal having definite chemical
properties and indefinite physical
properties is technically called mineral
9. Food Resource:
Materials which provides energy and maintains
metabolism in body in called Food
Plants are primary producers of food
10. LAND
Land Resource: RESOURCES
Land is a area which constitutes biotic and abiotic
components .It is technically called as biosphere
Soil is an organic mixture of all minerals which are
deposited as sediments.
11. Energy resources
Energy Resource:
Materials which provides energy are called energy
resources.
Based on availability they are classified into two
types:
Renewable energy resources
Non renewable energy resources
12.
13. MEASURES TO CONSERVE FOREST
RESOURCES:
Main threat to forest resource is Deforestation.
Deforestation:Deforestation, clearance or cleari
ng is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where
the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest
use. Examples of deforestation include conversion of
forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use.
14. Measures to control
Deforestation:
Reducing emissions from deforestation
and forest management.
Farming.
We should not cut trees rapidly.
Reduce mining activity.
Afforestation.
Prevent construction of dams.
15. Implementing Efficient Watering Methods in
agriculture.
Sewage Treatment.
Effluent Treatment.
Preventing over exploitation of water.
Prevent dumping of e wastes.
16. Measures to control mining:
• Use of improved technologies to allow use of low
grade minerals at low cost.
• Bio-mining or bioleaching.
• Reducing the consumption of minerals.
17. Measures to prevent soil
erosion:
Planting wind breaks can be effective. A wind break is a line
of plants that are planted to stop or slow the wind. A thick row
of bushes planted next to a field of plants can stop the wind
from blowing the soil away. This method also helps against
water erosion, as the soil gets caught up against the roots of
the bushes, rather than washing away.
Terracing can also be effective. Terraces are level places that
have been made by people on hill sides. People can cut level
sides into the side of hills to create a place to grow crops.
If the crops are growing on a slope, then one should plant
them in lines that run across, the slope, rather than up and
down. So, if the slope goes downhill to the south, then the
plants should be in rows that run from east to west.
To prevent decomposition the government can put up
wooden planks along the beaches, or they could build sea
walls against the cliffs.
18. Mulching:
Process of layering dry leaves around a plant and sprinkle water
on it which improves fertility naturally is called mulching.
Composting:
Conversion of complex materials into simpler form by
microorganisms is called composting.
Terrace/Contour farming:
Developing of small trenches near the plant so that water stays
near the plant . This method is called terrace/contour farming.
19. Measures to conserve energy:
Have your heating system inspected
regularly - especially if it's natural gas. A $50-
100 annual tune-up can help reduce your
heating costs by up to five percent.
When the fireplace is not in use, make sure
fireplace dampers are sealed tight, and keep
the glass doors closed. If you never use your
fireplace, plug the chimney with fiberglass
insulation and seal the doors with silicone
caulk.
20. Switch to compact fluorescent light bulbs.
These bulbs use 75 percent less energy
than typical incandescent, and they last
10 times longer.
Get rid of spare refrigerators or freezers.
An extra appliance can add more than
$100 to your energy bills every year
Natural resources are materials and components (something that can be used) that can be found within the environment. Every man-made product is composed of natural resources (at its fundamental level). A natural resource may exist as a separate entity such as fresh water, and air, as well as a living organism such as a fish, or it may exist in an alternate form which must be processed to obtain the resource such as metal ores, oil, and most forms of energy.
