Dr. Waqas Nawaz PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Pakistan

1. ANAT-102
DVM 2nd
Muscles of Neck
Comparative Anatomy of Horse, Dog & Ox
Submitted to: Dr. Zeeshan Akbar
Submitted by: Waseem Akram
12-arid-5
Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi

2. Muscles of Neck
1-Brachiocephalicus:
 Horse: Divided into two parts;
i) Cleido-mastoideus
ii) Cleido-transversarius
 Ox: Divided into two parts;
i) Cleido-mastoideus
ii) Cleido-occipitalus
 Dog: Divided into two parts;
i) Cleido-mastoideus
ii) Cleido-cervicalis
2-Sternocephalicus:
 Horse: Long & Narrow
 Ox: Two branches
 Dog: Thicker & well developed
3-Cutaneous Colli:
 Horse: Thicker & two branches
i) Cervicis
ii) Thorax
 Ox: Thick & one branch is present which is Thorax while Cervicis is absent
 Dog: Both Cervicis & Thorax is present
4-Sternothyroidus:
 Horse: Longer & cylindrical
 Ox: Relatively more Thick
 Dog: Thinner & have two parts;
i) Cranial
ii) Caudal
5-Omohydious:
 Horse: Well developed & near the jugular vein
 Ox: Less developed
 Dog: Absent

3. 6-Scalenus:
 Horse: Deeply situated in posterior half of neck & have two parts;
i) Scalenus ventralis
ii) Scalenus dorsalis
 Ox: Has three parts;
i) Scalenus dorsi
ii) Scalenus ventralis
iii) Scalenus medialis
 Dog: Has two parts;
i) Scalenus dorsi
ii) Scalenus ventralis
7-Rectus Capitus Ventralis Major (Longus Capitus):
 Horse: Longest among flexors of head
 Ox: Relatively longer but not longest
 Dog: Smaller
8- Rectus Capitus Dorsalis Major:
 Horse: Extends from axis to occipital bone
 Ox: Same like horse
 Dog: Same like horse
9-Rectus Capitus Lateralis:
 Horse: Smaller
 Ox: Same like horse
 Dog: Same like horse
10:Longus Colli (Push head & Neck downward):
 Horse: Covers ventral surface of vertebrae
 Ox: Same like horse
 Dog: Same like horse
11-Splenius:
 Horse: Thinner but extensive
 Ox: Two parts; i) Capitus ii) Cervicalus
 Dog: Undivided….Only Capitus is present

4. 12-Trapezius Cervicalis:
 Horse: Flat, Triangular & more distinct
 Ox: Undivided, Somewhat thin & Undistinct
 Dog: Same like horse
13-Intertransvales:
 Horse: More distinct & six fasiculae
 Ox: Less distinct
 Dog: More fleshy & somewhat like horse
14-Rhomboidous Cervicalis:
 Horse: Thin & divided
 Ox: More thick & undivided
 Dog: Same like horse
15-Serratus Cervucalis:
 Horse: Long & Fan shaped
 Ox: Very thin
 Dog: Same like horse
16-Longissmus Capitus et atlantis:
 Horse: Two portions
i) Longismus Dorsi
ii) Longissmus Costarum
 Ox: Undivided
 Dog: Two parts same like horse