2. Human migration is movement by humans from one
place to another, sometimes over long distances or in large
groups. Historically this movement was nomadic, often
causing significant conflict with the indigenous population and
their displacement or cultural assimilation. Only a
few nomadic people have retained this form of lifestyle in
modern times. Migration has continued under the form of both
voluntary migration within one's region, country, or beyond
and involuntary migration.
3. Historical migration of human populations begins with
the movement of Homo erectus out of Africa
across Eurasia about a million years ago. Early humans
migrated due to many factors such as changing climate and
landscape and inadequate food supply. The evidence indicates
that the ancestors of the Austronesian peoples spread from the
South Chinese mainland to Taiwan at some time around 8,000
years ago.
4. Most people migrate in search
of three objectives:
o economic opportunity
o cultural freedom
o environmental comfort.
5. Great way to learn a foreign language
Provides the opportunity to travel
To know another culture
Enhances employment opportunities
The opportunity to break out of your academic routine
6. PULL
o More income
o Higher standard of living
o To be with family members
PUSH
o Higher level of poverty
o Lack of jobs and education
o Lower standard of living
7. Where migrants go is not always their desired
destination.
They may be blocked by an intervening
obstacle.
• In the past, intervening obstacles were
primarily environmental. . . like mountains
and deserts.
Bodies of water long have been important
intervening obstacles.
However, today’s migrant faces intervening
obstacles created by local diversity in
government and politics.
8. In the twentieth century, forced international
migration increased because of political
instability resulting from cultural diversity.
Refugees are people who have been forced to
migrate from their home country and cannot
return for fear of persecution.
Political conditions can also operate as pull
factors, especially the lure of freedom.
With the election of democratic governments
in Eastern Europe during the 1990s, Western
Europe’s political pull has disappeared as a
migration factor.
However, Western Europe pulls an increasing
number of migrants from Eastern Europe for
economic reasons.
10. o International migration is permanent movement from one
country to another, whereas internal migration is permanent
movement within the same country.
International migrants are much less numerous than
internal migrants.
o Interregional migration is movement from one region of a
country to another, while intraregional migration is
movement within one region.
11. o Other countries charge that by
giving preference to skilled
workers, U.S. immigration policy
now contributes to a brain drain,
which is a large-scale emigration
by talented people.
o The average immigrant has
received more education than the
typical American: nearly one-
fourth of all legal immigrants to
the United States have attended
graduate school, compared to
less than one-tenth of native-born
Americans.
12. conclusively we can say that eighty percent of people are
migrate for the common purpose of generate income rest of
them move for getting higher education. It is good as well as
bad for the country in which migrant does migrate and that is
why nowadays each and every country makes it’s own policy
and terms for the procedure of visas.