1. Instructor: Fontana

2.  Reflect on the UNIT 3 PROJECT now that you
have completed it.
 What did you learn about the WRITING
PROCESS?
 What did you learn about yourself and your
writing strengths and weaknesses?
 What is the NEXT step in your journey? How
will you continue to develop and improve as a
writer?
 ANY QUESTIONS from units 1-3?

3.  The FINAL PROJECT is due in unit 9, and an
OUTLINE and DRAFT of that essay will be due
in Unit 6.
 Review the FINAL PROJECT information as
soon as possible and begin the process of
finding a topic to write on.

4.  Source information can help VALIDATE and
CLARIFY ideas we have as writers.
 Even EXPERTS look to other experts for
information. They may DISAGREE with that the
other expert has written, or they may want to
CLARIFY a point another expert has made, or
they may want to engage in DIALOGUE with the
other expert. They also use other sources to
demonstrate that they are well-read and up to
date on advances within a field.
 Using RELIABLE sources is important, though.
What is the difference between RELIABLE and
UNRELIABLE sources and how can you tell if a
source is reliable?

5.  Research can really help YOU as a writer. Source
material can help
◦ YOU to know your subject better
◦ BUILD your confidence in writing about the topic
◦ you demonstrate to your AUDIENCE that you are reliable,
informed, and believable.
 Should you read sources before you begin
writing? Or should you look for sources to
support your own claims and ideas, once you
have established them?
 How much research is necessary?
 Should your paper be able to STAND ALONE
without any source material, if you took it out?

6.  What sort of resources are available in the KU
Library?
 Why might a writer want to use the sources in
the library, rather than immediately going to
the Internet?
 What advantages might library e-books and
articles have over Internet sources?
 What are some of the challenges that using
library sources might pose?

7.  Imagine that you are interested in writing
about alcoholism, the harmful effects of this
problem and a possible solution that may
help people with this problem.
 What sort of information from the KU Library
sources might be helpful in creating a paper
on this topic?
 Are ALL library sources VALUABLE and
RELIABLE?

8.  ACCESS THE KU LIBRARY
 Using the word ALCOHOLISM as a KEYWORD, see
what sources are available on the topic through
the K-Zoom! search.
 NOTICE the CLUSTER results tab on the LEFT side
of K-Zoom! once you click search and the list of
potential sources comes up. Can this be helpful?
 LOCATE one source that explores either a
PHYSICAL or PSYCHOLOGICAL effect of
alcoholism
 What information does that source provide?

9. When we use sources, we have several
options for HOW to incorporate that
information into our own paragraphs:
Quoting
Paraphrasing
Summarizing
WHY might relying on quotes be problematic?
Why might Paraphrasing be more valuable?
Is CUTTING AND PASTING a good idea?

10.  Determine that the source is RELEVANT to
your paper. If not, don’t use it.
 Read the source and take notes, but avoid the
temptation to do so AS YOU WRITE.
 Read the source however many times it takes
to be able to tell others what the source says,
without looking at the source.
 Paraphrasing means you use the source’s
ideas, but you put those ideas into your own
words and sentence structure.

11.  While paraphrasing works to keep the same level
of detail as the original, summary moves away
from point-by-point translation.
 When you summarize a passage, you also need to
read the source however many times it takes to
be able to tell others what the source says,
without looking at the source.
 Then, capture in your own words and sentence
structure the most important elements from the
original passage.
 A summary is necessarily shorter than a
paraphrase.

12.  Here is a paragraph from author Jürgen Rehm. Read it carefully and
think about what the writer is saying.
 Alcohol consumption is linked not only to unintentional but also to
intentional injury. Both average volume of alcohol consumption and
the level of drinking before the event have been shown to affect
suicide risk. There also is a clear link between alcohol consumption
and aggression, including, but not limited to, homicides. Cultural
factors that are related to both differences in drinking patterns and
beliefs and expectations about the effects of alcohol also influence
the relationship between drinking and aggression.
 Now, paraphrase this information, not changing the content, but
using your own language and sentence structure to convey the idea.
Before you post your paraphrase, check to make sure you have not
accidentally used the language of the source. Any language that is
exact from the source must be in quotation marks, but for this
exercise, work to paraphrase the information entirely in your own
words.

13.  Here’s the paragraph again:
 Alcohol consumption is linked not only to
unintentional but also to intentional injury. Both
average volume of alcohol consumption and the
level of drinking before the event have been shown
to affect suicide risk. There also is a clear link
between alcohol consumption and aggression,
including, but not limited to, homicides. Cultural
factors that are related to both differences in
drinking patterns and beliefs and expectations
about the effects of alcohol also influence the
relationship between drinking and aggression.
 Now try to summarize this paragraph in 1-2
sentences.

14.  When we use a source, we have to give it credit.
 How do YOU give credit to someone who gives
you an idea at work?
 How do we do that when we use a source?
IN TEXT CITATIONS to indicate WHERE, IN WHAT
FORM, HOW MUCH, and TO WHAT EXTENT we
have used the source.
REFERENCES PAGE citation to give the reader the
information needed to locate the source you
used, if needed.

15.  The Risks Associated With Alcohol Use and
Alcoholism. Author: Rehm, Jürgen Source:
Alcohol Research & Health, 2011, Vol. 34
Issue 2, p135-143, 9p, 2 Charts Document
Type: Article. ISSN: 15357414 Accession
Number: 70561483 Database: MasterFILE
Premier.
 IN TEXT CITATION?
 REFERENCES PAGE?

16.  Take your paraphrase on the effects of
alcoholism and the in text citation and put
them together, to show how you would cite
the source within the paragraph.