2. Today Workshop
1. Presentation of the Homework;
2. Alternative Input Devices;
3. Other Assistive Products;
4. Assistive Technology in different OS;
5. WAI ARIA Readers Demo;
6. Homework Assignment 3
Web Accessibility
Workshop
2
3. 1. PRESENTATION OF HOMEWORK
Please be prepared to share your experience!
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5. Alternative Keyboards
• Featuring larger- or smaller-than-standard
keys or keyboards, alternative key
configurations, and keyboards for use with
one hand.
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Source: microsoft.com
12. Foot Pedals
• Foot pedals can allow to designate which key
each pedal represents;
• Pedal can be used instead of keys one
commonly has trouble with, such as shift, ctrl
or space;
• Foot pedals can be purchased individually or
in sets of two or three.
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14. Electronic Pointing Devices
• Electronic pointing devices used to control the
cursor on the screen without use of hands.
Devices used include:
Ultrasound,
Infrared beams,
Eye movements,
Nerve signals,
Brain waves
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Web Accessibility
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Source: microsoft.com
18. Joysticks
• Joysticks —
manipulated by hand,
feet, chin, etc. and used
to control the cursor on
screen.
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Source: microsoft.com
20. Touch Screens
• Touch screens — allow direct selection or
activation of the computer by touching the
screen, making it easier to select an option
directly rather than through a mouse
movement or keyboard;
• Touch screens are either built into the
computer monitor or can be added onto a
computer monitor.
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Web Accessibility
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Source: microsoft.com
22. Sip-and-Puff systems
• Sip-and-Puff or Sip 'n'
Puff (SNP) technology is
a method used to send
signals to a device using
air pressure by
"sipping" (inhaling) or
"puffing" (exhaling) on a
straw, tube or "wand
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23. 3. OTHER ASSISTIVE PRODUCTS
Assistive Technologies
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24. Braille Embossers
• Braille embossers transfer computer
generated text into embossed Braille output;
• Braille translation programs convert text
scanned-in or generated via standard word
processing programs into Braille, which can be
printed on the embosser
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Web Accessibility
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Source: microsoft.com
26. Keyboard Filters
• Keyboard filters are typing aids such as word
prediction utilities and add-on spelling
checkers that reduce the required number of
keystrokes;
• Keyboard filters enable users to quickly access
the letters they need and to avoid
inadvertently selecting keys they don't want
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Web Accessibility
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Source: microsoft.com
28. Link to Other On-Screen Keyboards
• https://touch-base.com/documentation/
Virtual%20Keyboards.htm
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29. Light Signaler Alerts
• Light signaler alerts monitor computer sounds
and alert the computer user with light signals;
• This is useful when a computer user can not
hear computer sounds or is not directly in
front of the computer screen;
• As an example, a light can flash alerting the
user when a new e-mail message has arrived
or a computer command has completed
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Web Accessibility
Workshop
Source: microsoft.com
31. On-Screen Keyboards
• On-screen keyboards provide an image of a
standard or modified keyboard on the computer
screen that allows the user to select keys with a
mouse, touch screen, trackball, joystick, switch,
or electronic pointing device;
• On-screen keyboards often have a scanning
option that highlights individual keys that can be
selected by the user;
• On-screen keyboards are helpful for individuals
who are not able to use a standard keyboard due
to dexterity or mobility difficulties.
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Web Accessibility
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Source: microsoft.com
33. Single Switch Access to iPad
Using Switch Control
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TH540kuBDwo
34. Reading Tools and
Learning Disabilities Programs
• Reading tools and learning disabilities
programs include software and hardware designed to
make text-based materials more accessible for people
who have difficulty with reading;
• Options can include scanning, reformatting, navigating,
or speaking text out loud;
• These programs are helpful for those who have
difficulty seeing or manipulating conventional print
materials; people who are developing new literacy
skills or who are learning English as a foreign language;
and people who comprehend better when they hear
and see text highlighted simultaneously
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Web Accessibility
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Source: microsoft.com
36. Refreshable Braille Displays
• Refreshable Braille displays provide tactile output of
information represented on the computer screen;
• A Braille "cell" is composed of a series of dots. The
pattern of the dots and various combinations of the
cells are used in place of letters.
• Refreshable Braille displays mechanically lift small
rounded plastic or metal pins as needed to form Braille
characters. The user reads the Braille letters with his or
her fingers, and then, after a line is read, can refresh
the display to read the next line
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Web Accessibility
Workshop
Source: microsoft.com
38. Screen Enlargers
• Screen enlargers, or screen magnifiers, work
like a magnifying glass for the computer by
enlarging a portion of the screen which can
increase legibility and make it easier to see
items on the computer;
• Some screen enlargers allow a person to zoom
in and out on a particular area of the screen
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Source: microsoft.com
40. Screen Readers
• Screen readers are used to verbalize, or "speak,"
everything on the screen including text, graphics,
control buttons, and menus into a computerized
voice that is spoken aloud;
• In essence, a screen reader transforms a graphic
user interface (GUI) into an audio interface;
• Screen readers are essential for computer users
who are blind
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Source: microsoft.com
41. Several Screen Readers &
Text-to-Speech Applications
• Balabolka link (Windows) 40$
• JAWS link (Windows) 895$
• NVDA link (Windows) Free
• Kurzweil1000 and 3000 link (Windows, Mac)
995$-1395$
• Windows narrator, free with OS
• Mac OS VoiceOver, free with OS
• List of other resources link
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42. Speech Recognition
• Speech recognition or voice recognition
programs, allow people to give commands and
enter data using their voices rather than a mouse
or keyboard;
• Voice recognition systems use a microphone
attached to the computer, which can be used to
create text documents such as letters or e-mail
messages, browse the Internet, and navigate
among applications and menus by voice
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Source: microsoft.com
45. Text-to-Speech (TTS)
• Text-to-Speech (TTS) or speech
synthesizers receive information going to the
screen in the form of letters, numbers, and
punctuation marks, and then "speak" it out loud
in a computerized voice;
• Using speech synthesizers allows computer users
who are blind or who have learning difficulties to
hear what they are typing and also provide a
spoken voice for individuals who can not
communicate orally, but can communicate their
thoughts through typing
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Source: microsoft.com
46. Stephen Hawking
Stephen Hawking is one of
the most famous people
using speech synthesis to
communicate
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47. Overview of a Typical TTS System
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Image source: en.wikipedia.org
48. Talking and Large-Print
Word Processors
• Talking and large-print word processors are
software programs that use speech
synthesizers to provide auditory feedback of
what is typed;
• Large-print word processors allow the user to
view everything in large text without added
screen enlargement
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Web Accessibility
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Source: microsoft.com
50. TTY/TDD conversion modems
• TTY/TDD (TeleTYpewriter/Telecommunications
Device for the Deaf) conversion modems are
connected between computers and
telephones to allow an individual to type a
message on a computer and send it to a
TTY/TDD telephone or other Baudot equipped
device.
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Source: microsoft.com
80. Screen Readers Testing (a)
• To better understand a goal of the task
please read an article Testing with Screen
Readers here:
http://webaim.org/articles/screenreader_tes
ting/
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81. Screen Readers Testing (b)
• Implement the Screen Reader activity described
in one of the three exercises on your choice and
platform availability:
• Using JAWS to Evaluate Web Accessibility (link) if
you use Windows; or
• Using NVDA to Evaluate Web Accessibility (link) if
you use Windows; or
• Using VoiceOver to Evaluate Web Accessibility
(link) if you use Mac OS
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82. Screen Readers Testing (c)
• Each activity contains of a guide, tasks and three samples for Screen
Reader :
1. Sample page with images;
2. Sample page with tables;
3. Sample page with forms.
• NB! Links to all three samples are included into the descriptions
of the activities! Please follow the links provided above!
• Reflect your experience in blog post – what was difficult for you?
How long time you spent on these tasks? What developer should
know about assistive technology?
• Link your post in a comment to my assignment post
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Notes de l'éditeur
Specially designed for computer users with disabilities, wishing to use the BigKeys Keyboards. Made from high grade crystal-clear acrylic, models are available for the BigKeys Plus and BigKeys LX. In particular, users with motor skills difficulties or upper limb disorder will find the BigKeysKeyguard very helpful in aiming their finger at the right key, and giving some support to the hand. The polished rounded holes guide the finger to the correct keys and provide support while the correct key is located.
The Forte portable word processor was designed by teachers to build keyboarding skills, develop writing skills and ultimately, develop digital fluency. In order for students to accelerate their writing skills, they must first master the keyboard, then they must have quick and easy access to digital writing tools. The more often students write digitally, the better and more fluent their writing becomes.Handwriting and spelling challenges sharply reduce the joy, the quality and the quantity of student written work.It’s a hardship that can be overcome. No student should have to struggle with a pen or pencil in order toexpress themselves on paper. The Fusion,the Forte and the Writer were designed byeducators like you, to assist and supportthe struggling writer.