description of basic parts of a cell; Membrane, cytoplasm, wall, nucelus, ribosome, mitochondria, cholophyll. For middle grades

1. Cells- The Structure of Life
Today we will be exploring
different kinds of cells, and parts
of cells.

2. 2 Kinds of Cells
• Prokaryotic
– Less Complex
– Missing a
nucleus, and some
other structures
which Eukaryotic
cells have
• Eukaryotic
– More Complex
– Include a Nucleus

3. Plants and Animals- Different cells
• Plant Cells • Animals Cells
• Have rigid a Cell wall • No cell walls
• Have • No choloroplasts
Choloroplasts, which
produce food.

4. Did you know?
The parts within a cell are called “Organelles” Different organelles
do different things
Some Parts of Eukaryotic Cells

5. Cell Membrane
• The “bag” around the outside of a
cell, holding everything inside
• There are little holes in the bag to let certain things
in and out
• Lets the good things
in, and keeps the bad
things out.

6. Cytoplasm
• The liquid within a cell
– A special fluid which the organelles in a cell
exist and interact in
– Includes many molecules the cell needs to
function
– Also called cytosol

7. Cell wall
• Only plant cells have a cell wall
– The wall is made of cellulose and is rigid
(hard)
• “Cellulose provides a protected framework for a plant
cell to survive. It's like taking a water balloon and
putting it in a cardboard box. The balloon is protected
from the outside world.”
– Biology4kids.com

8. Ribosomes
• Ribosomes help make proteins, which
cells need to do all sorts of things.
– They translate the code of DNA and use
building blocks call amino acids to make
proteins

9. Mitochondria
• Mitochondria create energy for the cell.
– Like your digestive system, mitochondria
break down nutrients, which releases energy
– The process of creating this energy is called
cellular respiration

10. Choloroplasts
• Only Plants (and some protists) have
them!
– They convert the energy of the sun in to sugar
(which mitochondria break down later for energy)
• You can see them in cells- they are always green
– This process is called photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis also releases oxygen.