Contenu connexe Similaire à Chapter02 (20) Chapter023. Sources of Data
1. Uniform Crime Reports (UCR/NIBRS)
2. National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
Professional organizations
Offender self-reports
Other regular publications
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4. NIBRS: The New UCR
National Incident Based Reporting System
FBI: 1988
Law enforcement:
-crime/arrest
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6. UCR/NIBRS
DO NOT WRITE DOWN
Also collects data on:
bad checks liquor law violations
vagrancy “peeping Tom”
disorderly conduct activities
driving under the runaways
influence trespassing
drunkenness general category of all
non-violent family “other” criminal law
offenses violations
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10. Murder: Multiple Killings
Spree: two/more
-more than one occasion
Mass: three/more
-single event
Serial: three/more
-time/cooling off
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18. Motor Vehicle Theft
Includes Excludes
automobiles trains
motorcycles airplanes
motor scooters bulldozers
trucks most farm equipment
buses ships
snowmobiles boats
spacecraft
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20. Part II Offenses
-social order offenses:
Simple assault
DUI
Prostitution
Vandalism
Receiving stolen property
Fraud
Embezzlement
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22. Dark Figure of Crime
crimes
known
all to the police
crime
dark figure
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24. Women and Crime
Women:
likely to be injured during crime
Lifestyle modifications due to threat
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25. Findings of the National Violence Against
Women Survey (NVAWS)
DO NOT WRITE DOWN
52% have been physically assaulted as child/adult
1.9 million women physically assaulted in U.S. each year
25% (8% of men) experienced partner violence
18% experienced a completed/attempted rape (> half under
18 when first raped)
More likely to be injured during assault
Violence against women primarily partner violence
8% of women have been stalked.
CRIMINAL JUSTICE TODAY, 10E © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc
by Dr. Frank Schmalleger Pearson Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
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27. Anti-Stalking Laws
All states
-protection to women (80%)
Cyberstalking:
-internet/email/electronic
communication to stalk
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31. Drug Crime
> x 2 since 1975
Federal prosecutions:
-11,854 in 1984
-40,000 in 2001
•Drugs=other crimes
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33. Causes of Crime
causes?
Basically good?
Why some violent/aggressive?
Self-interest?
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34. Criminology
Criminology: causes
Crime—violation of criminal law w/o legal
justification
Deviance—
-violation of social norms
-appropriate behavior
-particular set of circumstances
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36. Characteristics of
Biological Theories
Basic Assumptions
-genetic
-hereditary
-primitive developmental/evolutionary process
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42. Social Policy and Biological
Theories
Policies: modify body chemistry-change behavior
Example: Medication
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46. Psychopathology and
Crime
Psychopathology: mental illness
Psychopath:
-personality disorder/antisocial
-likely to become criminal
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48. Social Policy and
Psychological Theories
-individualistic/treatment and therapy plans
-reduce dangerousness
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50. Characteristics of
Sociological Theories
Basic Assumptions
-Group dynamics-causal basis
-Social disorganization-criminal behavior
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51. Social Policy and
Sociological Theories
-change cultural conditions that lead people into crime
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53. Characteristics of Social
Process Theories
Basic Assumptions
-Low self-esteem/no meaningful social roles
-crime-socialization
-crime-observation
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54. Social Policy and Social
Process Theories
-Improve self esteem
-mentor programs
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56. Characteristics of Conflict
Theory
-crime-economic/social inequities
-conflict among groups-unavoidable
-laws-interests of powerful
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57. Social Policy and
Conflict Theories
Focus on injustices and inequality-Revolution!
-job opportunities
-prison overcrowding
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