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The Bright Economic Future of Inclusive Design
Jutta Treviranus
Inclusive Design Research Centre
OCAD University
The Inclusive Design Research Centre

•  inclusive design of emerging information and communication systems and
   practices

•  established in 1993 as the Adaptive Technology Resource Centre at the
   University of Toronto, moved to OCAD in August 2010

•  currently largest centre of it’s kind in the world

•  over 96 research partner organizations globally

•  from 15 to 23 multi-sector, multi-partner projects at any one time

•  a wealth of resources and tools to support inclusive design

•  open source and open access - free to commercialize

•  URL: idrc.ocad.ca
Inclusive Design

•  Design that is inclusive of the full
   range of human diversity with
   respect to ability, language,
   culture, gender, age and other
   forms of human difference




•  Designing for Diversity


•  Addressing the beginning of the
   ICT “food chain” to support
   integrated accessibility from the
   start
The Inclusive Design Institute

•  Regional research hub


•  Eight postsecondary institutions as partners:

   •  University of Toronto
   •  UOIT
   •  Ryerson
   •  Seneca
   •  Sheridan
   •  George Brown
   •  York

•  Funded by ORF-RI and CFI
Global Demand 

•  Growing market for inclusively
   designed products and services


•  Rising demand for personnel with
   skills and knowledge in inclusive
   design
Legislative Trend

•  In addition to AODA


•  United Nations Convention on
   the Rights of Persons with
   Disabilities


•  US Rehab 508 Refresh


•  US 21st Century
   Communication and Video
   Accessibility Act


•  Every trading partner...
Digital Exclusion

•  access to online systems no
   longer an option


•  estimated social and economic
   cost of digital exclusion


•  required for government,
   commerce, education,
   employment, recreation, social
   engagement, civic
   engagement....


•  focus of public policy globally
The Aging of the
Western World

•  increasing the demand
9.5% of the
population
between the ages
of 18 and 24
years has some
level of disability.




                        © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
10% of the
population
between the ages
of 24 and 34
years has some
level of disability.




                        © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
14% of the
population
between the ages
of 35 and 44
years has some
level of disability.




                        © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
21.2% of the
population
between the ages
of 45 and 54
years has some
level of disability.




                        © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
34% of the
population
between the ages
of 55 and 64
years has some
level of disability.




                        © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
42.3% of the
population
between the ages
of 65 and 74
years has some
level of disability.




                        © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
64% of the
population ages
75 and above has
some level of
disability.




                   © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
Begin group aging
 animation (slides 9-15) –
allow 1-2 seconds on each
      slide for effect.




                 © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
© 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
© 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
© 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
© 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
© 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
© 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
Aging and the
Labour Gap

•  Impact of labour gap greater
   than the numbers


•  Corporations hoping to address
   accessibility
“We do better when we are equal”

•  “The Spirit Level : Why More Equal Societies Almost
   Always Do Better” by Richard Wilkinson and Kate
   Picket


•  Equality and inclusion benefits the whole society


•  Inequality causes shorter, unhealthier and unhappier
   lives


•  Increases the rate of violence, obesity, imprisonment
   and addiction


•  Adversely affects mental and physical health
Inclusive Design and
Innovation

•  True innovation occurs at the
   margins...


•  We are pushed further by:

   •  disruptive notions

   •  perspectives that do not fit in

   •  unpredictable inspirations that
      burst our neat categories

•  true innovation is experienced by
   the majority as uncomfortable,
   foreign and strange
Diversity and Innovation

•  “diversity trumps ability” Scott Page


•  more effective problem solving


•  better decision making and planning


•  more accurate prediction


•  greater innovation
Not the Current
Business Models
•  Standard information and communication
   technology (ICT) developers design for the
   typical or average user

•  Assistive technology (AT) is intended to bridge
   the gap to reach anyone that requires
   alternative access systems

•  the Assistive Technology bridge is inadequate
   and crumbling

   •  AT has an impossible technical and business
      task
   •  updates, upgrades, proprietary systems,
      quickly changing technology
   •  small enterprises with small customer base
   •  only addressing some disabilities
   •  only reaching a few countries
One-size-fits-one Inclusive Design

•  the Global Public Inclusive Infrastructure


•  http://gpii.org


• the GPII is not a single entity, a single technology, a single set of tools or a
  single architecture but the orchestration and linking of a large diversity of
  tools, infrastructures, applications, contributors, organizations and
  participants globally - like the Web
The Education Crisis

•  addressing the needs of the
   “doubly marginalized”


•  recognizing that learners learn
   differently and we need a
   diversity of learners
Literacy Levels

•  addressing both literacy and
   eliteracy


•  providing scaffolds for literacy
   development


•  assisting second language
   learners
Prosperity and the
Global Economy...

•  move from “push” market with
   high cost of start up, to “pull”
   market with very low entry costs


•  shift to diversification of market
   and away from direct
   competition


•  more resilient business
   environment


•  encourages participation of
   small enterprises, new
   entrepreneurs and Indie
   developers
Pooling Resources

•  a diversity of resources for a diversity of
   needs


•  a common platform


•  incremental innovation


•  a critical mass needed to reach the
   margins
The Direct Demand-Supply Pipeline

•  expression of diverse individual needs


•  connection to a diversity of producers
   and suppliers


•  global


•  reduces need for marketing
   infrastructure
The Innovation Gap

•  The demand for diverse
   products and services prompts
   innovation


•  Support for diverse teams which
   in turn are more creative and
   innovative


•  New, innovative ideas can
   “break” into the market
Youth
Unemployment

•  Young entrepreneurs and SMEs
   have a chance to enter the
   market


•  No need for large infrastructure
   or capital investment


•  Support for new ideas and
   approaches
Even "
Waste Reduction

•  “How to Reach Me” program


•  Demand-supply match
Support for AODA
compliance...

•  AODA as economic driver


•  just-in-time not just-in-case
   accessibility


•  impetus to innovate with
   technology


•  cloud-based service that meets
   needs of all users
Questions,
Suggestions ??
Accessible Customer Service
Accessibility is good for business



                   Are you ready? ood for
                   business?
Agenda


             Disability Stats

             Disability Types
             Five Standards
               1.    Customer Service Standard
               2.    Information & Communication Standard
               3.    Employment Standard
               4.    Transportation
               5.    Built Environment

             Next Steps
People with Disabilities

                 Approximately 1.8 million Ontarians (15.5%)

                 Increasing as population gets older:
                  65 and older – 47%

                 Baby boomers 1946 – 1964

                 In 2026 approximately 16% of people in
                  Canada will have a disability

                 Spending power of $21 to $25 billion a year in
                  Canada
General Types of Disabilities

                      Physical

                      Hearing

                      Vision

                      Deaf-Blind

                      Speech

                      Mental Health

                      Learning
Other Disabilities


                   Intellectual

                   Sensory: Taste, Smell, Touch

                   Other conditions: cancer, diabetes,
                    asthma, allergies ….…

                   Temporary disabilities
Legislated Background

              Accessibility for Ontarians with
              Disabilities Act, 2005 (AODA)
              Purpose:
              To achieve a fully accessible Ontario by 2025
              Develop accessibility standards
              Enforce the standards - Fines: $100,000 per day
                                              $ 50,000 per Director

                   The AODA will apply to broader public, private
                     sectors and non profits.
                        - Municipalities & Government Ministries
                   -    Hospitals
                           - Schools, Colleges & Universities
                   -    Public Transit
                   -    Non profit organizations
                   -    Stores, Restaurants, Dental Offices……
                        everyone
AODA Standards


                 Five Standards

                 1. Customer Service - Accessible Customer
                    Service


                 2. Information and Communication
                    - Provide information & Communicate


                 3. Employment – Recruit, Retain and Accommodate

                 4. Transportation – Accessible Transit

                 5. Built Environment - Physical and Architectural
Customer Service Standard

               Compliance January 1, 2010 – designated public sector
                          January 1, 2012 – private sector/NFP’s



                   How we interact with people with various disabilities
                    and provide service.

                   Requires:
                       accessible customer service policy, procedures
                        and practices
                       staff training

                       a feedback method

                       alternate communication methods, service animals,
                        support persons and assistive devices
                       notice of service disruption
Customer Service Standard

    Ask if you can help
Customer Service Standard


                  It doesn’t have to cost a lot.

                      Signage, price tags, brochures/flyers
                       (clear print guidelines)
                      Alternative formats – large print,
                       electronic, audio, read aloud, write down
                       instructions, draw diagram
                      Exterior and interior routes
                      Way finding
                      Rest area – chair
                      Portable ramps
                      Provide assistance
                      Inaccessible access building - home
                       visits or on-line shopping
5 things you can do NOW!


               1.    Review the Accessible Customer Service Standard
                     – Compliance (polices & procedures and training)
                     – Capitalize

               2.    Educate and expand expertise on accessibility         –
                     all 5 standards

               3.    Determine the level of accessibility in your facilities
                     and plan to build “no new barriers”

               4.    Evaluate your website as an accessible service
                     delivery method

               5.    Keep accessibility “top of mind” for your staff and
                     volunteers - newsletters, tips…
Accessibility Experts Ltd.

                               Training:
                                 Accessible Customer Service
                                  Training
                                  - One Hour
                                  - Three Hour
                                  - E-Learning
                                  - Train the Trainer
                                 Accessible Web Design

                                 Accessible Audits



                               Consulting Services

         Website
 www.accessibilityexperts.ca
The smart yet
simple
communication aid
Design advice from the team
behind
Video: 
“Meet MyVoice”
Customize 
in seconds.
Location-awareness finds phrases
             fast.
Speak with
personality.
Add dozens of free vocab
books.
Rest easy
with
automatic
backup.
What design ideas
went into
MyVoice?
Assistive
  1) Assistive technology
 doesn’t have to be ugly	

technology doesn’t
      have to be
        UGLY
1) Assistive technology
doesn’t have to be ugly
2) Get personal with
  Get personal
    your users	

with your users
2) Get personal with
    your users
3) There’s no
   There’s domain
substitute for no
   substitute
      expertise	

  for domain
   expertise
3) There’s no
substitute for domain
      expertise
4) Our key idea: =
Anticipatory
anticipatory makes
  Accessible
     accessible
4) Our key idea:
anticipatory makes
     accessible
Thank
 4) Our key idea:
anticipatory makes

 You
accessible
AAC.com

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Beyond Compliance to Innovation: The business case for accessibilty - MaRS Best Practices

  • 1.
  • 2. The Bright Economic Future of Inclusive Design Jutta Treviranus Inclusive Design Research Centre OCAD University
  • 3. The Inclusive Design Research Centre •  inclusive design of emerging information and communication systems and practices •  established in 1993 as the Adaptive Technology Resource Centre at the University of Toronto, moved to OCAD in August 2010 •  currently largest centre of it’s kind in the world •  over 96 research partner organizations globally •  from 15 to 23 multi-sector, multi-partner projects at any one time •  a wealth of resources and tools to support inclusive design •  open source and open access - free to commercialize •  URL: idrc.ocad.ca
  • 4. Inclusive Design •  Design that is inclusive of the full range of human diversity with respect to ability, language, culture, gender, age and other forms of human difference •  Designing for Diversity •  Addressing the beginning of the ICT “food chain” to support integrated accessibility from the start
  • 5. The Inclusive Design Institute •  Regional research hub •  Eight postsecondary institutions as partners: •  University of Toronto •  UOIT •  Ryerson •  Seneca •  Sheridan •  George Brown •  York •  Funded by ORF-RI and CFI
  • 6. Global Demand •  Growing market for inclusively designed products and services •  Rising demand for personnel with skills and knowledge in inclusive design
  • 7. Legislative Trend •  In addition to AODA •  United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities •  US Rehab 508 Refresh •  US 21st Century Communication and Video Accessibility Act •  Every trading partner...
  • 8. Digital Exclusion •  access to online systems no longer an option •  estimated social and economic cost of digital exclusion •  required for government, commerce, education, employment, recreation, social engagement, civic engagement.... •  focus of public policy globally
  • 9. The Aging of the Western World •  increasing the demand
  • 10. 9.5% of the population between the ages of 18 and 24 years has some level of disability. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 11. 10% of the population between the ages of 24 and 34 years has some level of disability. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 12. 14% of the population between the ages of 35 and 44 years has some level of disability. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 13. 21.2% of the population between the ages of 45 and 54 years has some level of disability. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 14. 34% of the population between the ages of 55 and 64 years has some level of disability. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 15. 42.3% of the population between the ages of 65 and 74 years has some level of disability. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 16. 64% of the population ages 75 and above has some level of disability. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 17. Begin group aging animation (slides 9-15) – allow 1-2 seconds on each slide for effect. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 18. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 19. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 20. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 21. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 22. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 23. © 2001 Trace R&D Center, University of Wisconsin
  • 24. Aging and the Labour Gap •  Impact of labour gap greater than the numbers •  Corporations hoping to address accessibility
  • 25. “We do better when we are equal” •  “The Spirit Level : Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better” by Richard Wilkinson and Kate Picket •  Equality and inclusion benefits the whole society •  Inequality causes shorter, unhealthier and unhappier lives •  Increases the rate of violence, obesity, imprisonment and addiction •  Adversely affects mental and physical health
  • 26. Inclusive Design and Innovation •  True innovation occurs at the margins... •  We are pushed further by: •  disruptive notions •  perspectives that do not fit in •  unpredictable inspirations that burst our neat categories •  true innovation is experienced by the majority as uncomfortable, foreign and strange
  • 27. Diversity and Innovation •  “diversity trumps ability” Scott Page •  more effective problem solving •  better decision making and planning •  more accurate prediction •  greater innovation
  • 28. Not the Current Business Models •  Standard information and communication technology (ICT) developers design for the typical or average user •  Assistive technology (AT) is intended to bridge the gap to reach anyone that requires alternative access systems •  the Assistive Technology bridge is inadequate and crumbling •  AT has an impossible technical and business task •  updates, upgrades, proprietary systems, quickly changing technology •  small enterprises with small customer base •  only addressing some disabilities •  only reaching a few countries
  • 29.
  • 30. One-size-fits-one Inclusive Design •  the Global Public Inclusive Infrastructure •  http://gpii.org • the GPII is not a single entity, a single technology, a single set of tools or a single architecture but the orchestration and linking of a large diversity of tools, infrastructures, applications, contributors, organizations and participants globally - like the Web
  • 31. The Education Crisis •  addressing the needs of the “doubly marginalized” •  recognizing that learners learn differently and we need a diversity of learners
  • 32. Literacy Levels •  addressing both literacy and eliteracy •  providing scaffolds for literacy development •  assisting second language learners
  • 33. Prosperity and the Global Economy... •  move from “push” market with high cost of start up, to “pull” market with very low entry costs •  shift to diversification of market and away from direct competition •  more resilient business environment •  encourages participation of small enterprises, new entrepreneurs and Indie developers
  • 34. Pooling Resources •  a diversity of resources for a diversity of needs •  a common platform •  incremental innovation •  a critical mass needed to reach the margins
  • 35. The Direct Demand-Supply Pipeline •  expression of diverse individual needs •  connection to a diversity of producers and suppliers •  global •  reduces need for marketing infrastructure
  • 36. The Innovation Gap •  The demand for diverse products and services prompts innovation •  Support for diverse teams which in turn are more creative and innovative •  New, innovative ideas can “break” into the market
  • 37. Youth Unemployment •  Young entrepreneurs and SMEs have a chance to enter the market •  No need for large infrastructure or capital investment •  Support for new ideas and approaches
  • 38. Even " Waste Reduction •  “How to Reach Me” program •  Demand-supply match
  • 39. Support for AODA compliance... •  AODA as economic driver •  just-in-time not just-in-case accessibility •  impetus to innovate with technology •  cloud-based service that meets needs of all users
  • 41. Accessible Customer Service Accessibility is good for business Are you ready? ood for business?
  • 42. Agenda   Disability Stats   Disability Types   Five Standards 1.  Customer Service Standard 2.  Information & Communication Standard 3.  Employment Standard 4.  Transportation 5.  Built Environment   Next Steps
  • 43. People with Disabilities   Approximately 1.8 million Ontarians (15.5%)   Increasing as population gets older: 65 and older – 47%   Baby boomers 1946 – 1964   In 2026 approximately 16% of people in Canada will have a disability   Spending power of $21 to $25 billion a year in Canada
  • 44. General Types of Disabilities   Physical   Hearing   Vision   Deaf-Blind   Speech   Mental Health   Learning
  • 45. Other Disabilities   Intellectual   Sensory: Taste, Smell, Touch   Other conditions: cancer, diabetes, asthma, allergies ….…   Temporary disabilities
  • 46. Legislated Background Accessibility for Ontarians with Disabilities Act, 2005 (AODA) Purpose: To achieve a fully accessible Ontario by 2025 Develop accessibility standards Enforce the standards - Fines: $100,000 per day $ 50,000 per Director The AODA will apply to broader public, private sectors and non profits. - Municipalities & Government Ministries - Hospitals - Schools, Colleges & Universities -  Public Transit -  Non profit organizations - Stores, Restaurants, Dental Offices…… everyone
  • 47. AODA Standards Five Standards 1. Customer Service - Accessible Customer Service 2. Information and Communication - Provide information & Communicate 3. Employment – Recruit, Retain and Accommodate 4. Transportation – Accessible Transit 5. Built Environment - Physical and Architectural
  • 48. Customer Service Standard Compliance January 1, 2010 – designated public sector January 1, 2012 – private sector/NFP’s   How we interact with people with various disabilities and provide service.   Requires:   accessible customer service policy, procedures and practices   staff training   a feedback method   alternate communication methods, service animals, support persons and assistive devices   notice of service disruption
  • 49. Customer Service Standard Ask if you can help
  • 50. Customer Service Standard It doesn’t have to cost a lot.   Signage, price tags, brochures/flyers (clear print guidelines)   Alternative formats – large print, electronic, audio, read aloud, write down instructions, draw diagram   Exterior and interior routes   Way finding   Rest area – chair   Portable ramps   Provide assistance   Inaccessible access building - home visits or on-line shopping
  • 51. 5 things you can do NOW! 1.  Review the Accessible Customer Service Standard – Compliance (polices & procedures and training) – Capitalize 2.  Educate and expand expertise on accessibility – all 5 standards 3.  Determine the level of accessibility in your facilities and plan to build “no new barriers” 4.  Evaluate your website as an accessible service delivery method 5.  Keep accessibility “top of mind” for your staff and volunteers - newsletters, tips…
  • 52. Accessibility Experts Ltd. Training:   Accessible Customer Service Training - One Hour - Three Hour - E-Learning - Train the Trainer   Accessible Web Design   Accessible Audits Consulting Services Website www.accessibilityexperts.ca
  • 54. Design advice from the team behind
  • 59. Add dozens of free vocab books.
  • 61. What design ideas went into MyVoice?
  • 62. Assistive 1) Assistive technology doesn’t have to be ugly technology doesn’t have to be UGLY
  • 64. 2) Get personal with Get personal your users with your users
  • 65. 2) Get personal with your users
  • 66. 3) There’s no There’s domain substitute for no substitute expertise for domain expertise
  • 67. 3) There’s no substitute for domain expertise
  • 68. 4) Our key idea: = Anticipatory anticipatory makes Accessible accessible
  • 69. 4) Our key idea: anticipatory makes accessible
  • 70. Thank 4) Our key idea: anticipatory makes You accessible