Fish and Nutrition Workshop Day 1 (Inaugural Sessions)

1. Improving nutrient-rich small fish availability, access
and consumption within the framework of the
Bangladesh Country Investment Plan
Mostafa Faruq Al Banna
Associate Research Director
FPMU, Ministry Food
Workshop on “Production and Sustainable Management of Nutrient-rich Small Fish (SIS) in
Ponds and Wetlands for Improved Nutrition in South Asia” organized by
WorldFish on 1 March 2014

2. Presentation Outline
• Bangladesh Country Investment Plan
• Nutrition situation in Bangladesh
• Fish production and consumption
• Fish and human nutrition
• Conclusion

3. Bangladesh has been an early adopter of the comprehensive approach to food security and nutrition
through the formulation of the National Food Policy (2006) and its Plan of Action (2008)
The framework for food security and nutrition interventions: the
National Food Policy and its Plan of Action
The National Food Policy Plan of Action consisting of
26 areas of intervention and 314 actions provides a
comprehensive long-term (2008-2015) framework for:
- Coordinating government interventions
- Aligning development support to national priorities in
line with the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness
- Regularly monitoring progress toward food security in
line with MDG1
-Identifying needs for investments
To reduce undernourishment, stunting and underweight, food should be available, accessible
and complemented by nutrition interventions
Access NutritionAvailability

4. Responding to L’Aquila Initiative and in line
with the 5 Principles agreed in the Rome
Food Summit, the CIP was approved in
2010 and revised in 2011 based on
extensive consultations.
 It is a coherent set of 12 strategic
priority investment programmes allowing
to coordinate Government and
Development Partners interventions
 It is aligned with MDG1, NFP PoA and
the Sixth Five Year Plan
It focuses on investments included in
the Annual Development Budget
The framework for Ag, FS &N interventions: The
Country Investment Plan
The CIP and PoA provide the framework for monitoring impacts,
implementation and financial commitments

5. Where does CIP come from
• CIP = Government’s investment plan - a living
document
• One umbrella for the key investment requirements
to develop agriculture, and improve food and
nutrition security
• Prioritize, harmonize, and build on existing
documents: NFP /PoA, sector programmes, sixth
5-year plan, ADP, MTBF

6. Purposes of the CIP
• Integrate and coordinate actions for food
security and nutrition
• Harmonize development partner (DP)
activities with the CIP
• Mobilize more financial resources from:
– Government budget resources
– Private investment
– international sources

7. CIP: 12 Programs and 40 Subprograms
COMPONENT PROGRAMME
Food
Availability
1. Sustainable and diversified agriculture through integrated research and extension
2. Improved water resource management and infrastructure for irrigation purposes
3. Improved quality of input and soil fertility
4. Fisheries and aquaculture development
5. Livestock development, with a focus on poultry and dairy production
Food
Access
6. Improved access to markets, value-addition in agriculture and to non farm incomes
7. Strengthened capacities for implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP actions
8. Enhanced public food management systems
9. Institutional development and capacity development for more effective safety nets
Food
Utilization
10. Community based nutrition programs and services
11. Orient food and nutrition programs through data
12. Food safety and quality improvement

8. • Expected outcome : Sustainable increase of fishery production through
improved technology and natural resources management
Proposed focus & priority interventions :
• Develop small scale aquaculture through access to quality inputs, advice
and skills
• Improve management of fisheries resources
• Develop public private partnerships in support of infrastructure and
service development
• Promote production in the South through sustainable shrimp and prawn
development and community-based co-management of wetland
• Additional considerations: Multi sectoral collaboration, involve
community based organizations of farmers and fishers as well as private
sectors.
Programme 4: Fisheries and Aquaculture
Development

9. • Expected outcome : Community nutrition improvement is supported by
strengthened National Nutrition Services (NNS)
Proposed focus & priority interventions :
• CBNP linked to NNS that deliver a package of basic health and nutrition
services/activities including micronutrient supplementation, BCC,
antenatal care
• Support community based efforts of homestead gardening, horticulture,
small livestock, fisheries and BCC for improved nutrition
• Link long-term with immediate treatment of acute malnutrition in
particular through therapeutic and supplementary feeding and BCC focus
on maternal and young child nutrition
• Additional considerations: Multi sectoral collaboration, synergies with SUN
framework, REACH, Project Laser Beam and MDG –F programme
Programme 10: Community based
nutrition programmes and Services

10. CIP Programme-4: Fishery and aquaculture
(Source: NFP PoA & CIP Monitoring Report-2013)
• Fishery production continues growing at sustained rates
• Fishery share of agricultural GDP expanded as result of faster growth
Indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12
GDP from fishery sector as % of
agriculture GDP (excluding forest), at
constant price 1995-1996
24.4% 24.2% 24.2% 24.9%
Annual change in national fish
production
5.0% 7.3% 5.7% 6.5%
 Sustainably increase aquaculture productivity
 Implement national breeding plan and law on hatchery management
 Enhance research, extension and training
 Minimizing the impact of shrimp culture on soil quality and biodiversity
 Utilization of roadside canals and ditches for increasing fish production
 Promoting rice-fish farming system
 Reinforce community based fishery management of open water

11. Poverty and under nutrition trends in Bangladesh
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Constant2005internationaldollars
Percent
Poverty headcount Prevalence of Stunting Prevalence of Underweight
Prevalence of Wasting Prevalence of undernourishment (%) PPP GDP per capita (right axis)

12. Quintile H/A
% < - 2SD
STUNTING
W/H % < - 2 SD
WASTING
W/A % < - 2SD
UNDERWEIGHT
Lowest 53.7 17.5 50.3
Second 45.4 16.2 41.6
Middle 40.7 17.7 36.0
Fourth 35.9 13.6 27.5
Highest 25.7 12.1 20.9
Nutritional status of U5 children by
wealth quintile in Bangladesh, DHS, 2011

13. Relative dietary energy contribution (En%) of
cereals and rice to Bangladesh diet
Source/Year Energy intake
(kcal)
Cereal (g)
En %
Rice (g)
En %
HIES 2005 2238
452
73%
440
68%
HIES 2010 2318
442
66%
416
64%

14. Consumption of total food, cereal and non
cereals
913.8
893.06
947.75
999.99
498
475.78
451.72 442.1
415.8 417.28
496.03
557.89
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1995-96 2000 2005 2010
Total food Cereal Non-cereal

15. Content of food basket: improving
diversity
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
2005 2010
Rice
Wheat
Vegetables
Pulses
Oil
Fish
Meat/eggs

16. Micronutrient deficiency situation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
5.4
26
7.1
42.1
57.3
20.5
33.1
10.7
40
44.6
Women (NPNL)
Pre-school children

17. Fish and human nutrition
• Highly nutritious, tasty and easily digestible
• Source of protein and micronutrients
• Rich in bioavailable calcium
• Rich in vitamin A, vitamin B Complex, iron, zinc
• Marine fish is a good source of iodine and omega-
3 fatty acids
• Addition of oil, vegetables and spices in fish
preparation improves dietary diversity and
nutritional quality

18. Nutrient content in some Bangladeshi common fishes (%)
(Source: Food Composition Table for Bangladesh 2013, INFS & CARS,DU,MoFood/FAO/EU/USAID)
Fish name in Bengali
(English name)
Energy
(Kcal)
Protein
(gm)
Fat
(gm)
Calcium
(mg)
Iron
(mg)
Phosphorus
(mg)
Zinc
(mg)
Ilish without bones
(Hilsha)
223 18.0 16.8 86 1.3 195 0.54
Sorputi(Barb, olive) 175 17.4 11.7 227 0.6 151 0.74
Mola-eyes included
(Mola carplet)
108 17.1 4.4 767 3.8 440 3.19
Chapila
(Indian river shad)
106 15.4 4.9 1060 4.8 560 1.97
Tengra (Day’s mystus)-eyes
included, combined species
114 18.2 4.6 627 2.8 348 0.77
Tatkini (Stone roller) 97 15.3 3.9 195 2.2 124 1.09
Tilapia (Tilapia without
bones)
110 20.8 3.0 19 0.5 350 1.40
Rui (Ruhi from river) 90 16.6 2.7 650 0.5 133 1.01
Shing, without bones
(stringing catfish)
101 17.2 3.5 319 2.1 304 0.55
Pangas, without bones 162 15.9 11.0 14 0.1 130 1.85

19. 18
17.4
17.1
15.4
18.2
15.3
20.8
16.6
17.2
15.9
0 5 10 15 20 25
Ilish(Hilsha)
Sorputi(Barb, olive)
Mola-eyes included
Chapila(Indian river shad)
Tengra-eye included(Day'a mystus)
Tatkini (Stone roller)
Tilapia-without bones
Rui(Ruhi from river)
Shing, without bones(stringing…
Pangas, without bones
Protein content in selected fish species (g%)
Protein (gm)

20. 2.44
2.56
2.7
2.9
3.06
3.26
3.39
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Production of Fish
Production of Fish(m
MT)

21. Consumption of Fish
34.5
43.8
38.5 42.1
49.4
60
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
1991-92 1995-96 2000 2005 2010 Desirable
intake(Birdem,
2013)
Fish intake(gm)

22. NUTRITION SENSITIVE AGRICULTURE

23. Pro-nutrition agricultural interventions
 “Ekti Bari Ekti Khamar “ project implemented by BRDB, RDCD supports
household based comprehensive food systems
 Crop Diversification Programme (CDP) implemented by Ministry of
Agriculture to promote non-cereal crop production and consumption
through research and extension activities
 Provision of credit to women for engagement in subsistence based poultry
and livestock farming: 40% of the micro-credit (reached 16 million
households) is used for this activity
 Pond aquaculture through converting low-lying lands into fish ponds; 12%
per year growth over the last decade
 Scaling up of HKI piloted homestead food production involving women:
covers 4% of the population in 240 of the 466 sub-districts
 BRAC organized tenant farmer development project through informal
associations ,to provide access to credit and extension; 350,000 tenant
farms (one-fourth women) have been organized in 1,600 village
associations that meet every month

24. Conclusion
• Integrated agriculture ( including fisheries) and health
based interventions should be scaled up for the
improvement of diets and nutrition
• Small and medium scale aquaculture to improve
availability, accessibility and utilization of small fish
should be encouraged.
• Use of fish should be promoted especially in
complementary feeding, diets of pregnant women and
adolescent girls apart from household diets.
• Fish production and consumption should be optimized
as outlined in the framework of CIP
• Community based management of open water
fisheries should be promoted as part of enabling
policies.

25. Thank you