1. Wireless Sensing
History, Applications, and Prognostications
Joe Polastre
CEO, Moteiv Corporation

2. Berkeley Motes Timeline
Mica Telos
Rene’ “Open Experimental Platform” “Integrated Platform”
“Experimentation” 1000 nodes delivered to Basis for Moteiv’s
10+ universities by UCB Tmote Sky platform
WeC Dot Spec
“Smart Rock” “Scale” “Mote on a chip”
800-node demo Mica mote in silicon
at Intel Dev Forum
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Kris Pister TinyOS Crossbow starts Dust Inc Moteiv
SmartDust Initial Release manufacturing Founded Founded
Paper Berkeley motes © 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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3. Moteiv Products
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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4. Who is using motes?
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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5. Motor & Engine Vibration
“Clipboard-to-Computer” Initiative inside BP CTO Office
► Reduce 80% break/fix to less than 20%
► Reduce spare parts inventory
► Lower operating/maintenance costs
► Reduced cycle time & 90% reduced downtime
► Improved safety
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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6. Volcano Monitoring
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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7. Refrigeration Control
Monitor, control, and optimize
refrigeration systems at large scale
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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8. Microclimate Monitoring
Live sensor readings
from Taiwan
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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9. What are interesting mote uses?
For me, anyway…
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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10. Wireless Persistence-of-Vision
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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11. Medical Devices
■ CodeBlue
► Hospital/Emergency Care
► Rehabilitation
► Disaster Response
■ Collaboration Between:
► Harvard
► Boston Medical Center
► Spaulding Rehabilitation
► 10Blade
Images courtesy
of Matt Welsh
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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12. Chicago FD and UCB
■ Smart Fire, Safety, and Rescue Systems
Floor plan
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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13. $232M proposed system
400km coverage
1782km border
$21M in wired sensors
1780 sensor units
“complex sensor
installation process”
Jordan
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
Sources: Sandia, Lockheed, Jordan Army Do not distribute without written permission

14. Where is it going?
Some slides stolen from my panel at TinyOS Technology Exchange
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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15. Integrated Solutions
■ Chipcon CC2430
■ Ember EM250
■ Jennic, Atmel, etc…
► ~$5
► Better performance
■ But…
► 8051
► XAP2
► Steeplearning curve
and NRE requirements
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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16. Need easy development
■ Minimum HW Development
■ Robust software infrastructure
► Includeservices AND networking
► Instrumentation and Feedback Predictable
■ Applicability over multiple generations of
hardware – write applications only once
► SP link abstraction
► Hardware Abstraction Architecture (HAA)
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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17. Cost of WSN Development
Barriers to Using
Wireless Sensor Networks
t
os
C
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od
N
ze
Si
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od
N
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ili
rab
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In
U
of
se
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Ea
OEMs/VARs Systems Integrators Component Suppliers
Source: OnWorld Survey
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
Do not distribute without written permission

18. What about TinyOS 2?
■ When will it be released???
■ No reliability metrics
■ No test & verification framework
■ Must recompile (potentially rewrite) apps as
hardware and networking technologies change
■ No driving commercial entity
■ Companies very cautious to embrace
► Crossbow, Moteiv, etc
► Need to support TinyOS 1.x customers
► Doesn’t solve the ease-of-use issue
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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19. Boomerang by Moteiv
■ Moteiv’s TinyOS distribution
■ Includes
► Low power mesh
• Temporal and Spatial diversity
• Frequency diversity coming soon
► Time synchronization
► Wireless reprogramming
► T2 Timers, Resources, Scheduler, Flash
► Includes SP, HAA, DMA
► Backwards compatible with TinyOS 1.x applications
■ Download from Moteiv’s webpage
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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20. Tmote Invent
■ Innovative Design
■ Integrated Sensors
► Accelerometer, Speaker, Microphone,
Human-visible Light sensor
■ User Interface and Feedback
► LEDs, Buttons
■ Rechargeable
■ Includes Boomerang,
Moteiv tested and certified
distribution of TinyOS
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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21. Prognostications (I)
■ TI acquired Chipcon
► Chipcon CC2420 + TI MSP430 solution
► Low cost, familiar architecture
■ Extended memory devices
► ~1MB address space
■ Chips ship with networking stacks as a
commodity
► Lots of networking options
• Zigbee, TinyOS, SmartMesh, MeshScape, XMesh, etc
► Want to use the best networking for the
app/environment
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
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22. Open Items
■ How to build powerful applications easily,
quickly, faster, reliably, predictably?
► Kernel hacking TinyOS
► Knob tuning Vertically integrated solutions
► Is there a middle ground that provides enough
flexibility and configuration at small learning curve?
■ How to leverage available technologies?
► New hardware solutions
► Multiple networking solutions (TinyOS or non-TinyOS)
■ How to enable new classes of applications?
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
Do not distribute without written permission

23. Prognostications (II)
■ Next 18-24 months define how customers view
wireless sensing as a valuable technology
■ Potential hype vs feasibility ala RFID
► Lifetime – Is 10+ years possible on AA batteries?
► Scale – Let’s get past the 250 to 1000 node limit.
► Latency – Control guys very concerned.
► Reliability – Remember X10?
■ Must embrace standards as an option
► Zigbee in TinyOS, Z-Wave, etc
► Multiple vendors/suppliers reduce customer fear
■ Time to move beyond monitoring networks
© 2006 Moteiv Corporation
Do not distribute without written permission

24. Thank you
joe@moteiv.com
www.moteiv.com
55 Hawthorne St, Suite 550
San Francisco, CA 94105