XL-MINER:Prediction

1. Introduction to XLMiner™: Prediction XLMiner and Microsoft Office are registered trademarks of the respective owners.

2. PREDICTION Prediction is the process of finding how the value of predictor variables predict the response variable based on the predictor variables, or to study the relationship between the response variable and predictor variables. XLMiner provides different tools to perform this task: Multiple Linear regression. K-nearest neighbors Regression tree Neural Network http://dataminingtools.net

3. PREDICTION- Multiple linear regression This procedure performs linear regression on the selected dataset. This fits a linear model of the form Y= b0 + b1X1 + b2X2+ .... + bkXk+ e where Y is the dependent variable (response) and X1, X2,.. .,Xk are the independent variables (predictors) and e is random error. b0 , b1, b2, .... bk are known as the regression coefficients, which have to be estimated from the data. The multiple linear regression algorithm in XLMiner� chooses regression coefficients so as to minimize the difference between predicted values and actual values. Linear regression is performed either to predict the response variable based on the predictor variables, or to study the relationship between the response variable and predictor variables. For example, using linear regression, the crime rate of a state can be explained as a function of other demographic factors like population, education, male to female ratio etc http://dataminingtools.net

4. PREDICTION- Multiple linear regression Check those options that you want to be displayed in the output http://dataminingtools.net

5. PREDICTION- Multiple linear regression(output) Use the navigator to view other outputs http://dataminingtools.net

6. PREDICTION- Multiple linear regression(output) http://dataminingtools.net

7. PREDICTION- K-nearest neighbors The k-NN technique is like the regression technique – here, the nearest neighbours to a particular object have more weight than the distant ones. An object is classified according to a vote by its neighbours. It is then classified to the class most common in its k-neighbours. http://dataminingtools.net

8. PREDICTION- K-nearest neighbors http://dataminingtools.net

9. PREDICTION- K-nearest neighbors(output) http://dataminingtools.net

10. PREDICTION- Regression tree A single output (prediction) variable, which should be numerical, and one or more input (predictor) variables exist. The input variables can be a mixture of continuous and categorical variables. A regression tree is a decision tree where each node of the tree tests the value of the predictor variable to determine the prediction variable. The leaf nodes of the tree contain the output variables. Regression tree is built through a process known as binary recursive partitioning. This is an iterative process of splitting the data into partitions, and then splitting it up further on each of the branches Since the tree is grown from the training data set, when it has reached full structure it usually suffers from over-fitting (i.e. it is "explaining" random elements of the training data that are not likely to be features of the larger population of data). This results in poor performance on real life data. Therefore, it is pruned using the validation data set. Regression trees are not used for classification; rather, they are used to approximate real-valued functions. http://dataminingtools.net

11. PREDICTION- Regression tree http://dataminingtools.net

12. PREDICTION- Regression tree http://dataminingtools.net

13. PREDICTION- Regression tree http://dataminingtools.net

14. PREDICTION- Regression tree-Full tree http://dataminingtools.net

15. PREDICTION- Regression tree- Pruned Tree http://dataminingtools.net

16. PREDICTION- Neural Networks The model for the artificial neural network is made when the records from the data base are processed one at a time and the computed value of their output is then compared with the actual value. The difference is again taken into account and fed back to the model so as to perfect it. This can go on for many iterations. XLMiner offers the architecture of multilayer feed-forward for modelling a neural network. http://dataminingtools.net

17. PREDICTION- Neural Networks http://dataminingtools.net

18. PREDICTION- Neural Networks http://dataminingtools.net

19. PREDICTION- Neural Networks http://dataminingtools.net

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