1. EXPLORIN
G THE
RURAL
URBAN
SKEWS
YASH MAHENDRA (PGID: 61010166)
Is Urbanization helping India?

2. A FAILED VISION
 Central Planning- an outcome of Nehruvian
Socialism failed to do exactly what it was meant
to- the emancipation of villages and reduction of
the rich-poor, urban-rural divide.
 Despite this most blatant failure, the rural
economy remains largely regulated and
subsidized and far from the reformative touch of
market forces.
 In this study, I’ve picked the 5 most and least
urbanized states and studied their statistics
related to population control, gender equality,
healthcare, and education.

3. 5 URBAN STATES
STATE TOTAL
PPLTN.
(MLN)
% URBN
PPLTN.
PPLTN.
GROWTH
RATE %
SEX
RATIO
IMR LIFE
EXPCTCY.
LITERAC
Y %
DELHI 13.851 93.2 2.9 821 25.1 72.2 81.67
TN 62.406 44 0.9 987 45.2 67.6 73.45
MAHA-
RASHTRA
96.879 42.4 1.6 922 41.9 68.1 77.27
GUJARAT 50.671 37.4 1.6 920 54.3 66.95 61.3
PUNJAB 24.359 33.9 1.4 876 47.2 69.05 69.95
WTD AVG 248.17 43.78 1.48 927.78 44.84 68.06 72.58

4. 5 RURAL STATES
STATE TOTAL
PPLTN.
(MLN)
% URBN
PPLTN.
PPLTN.
GROWTH
RATE %
SEX RATIO IMR LIFE
EXPCTCY.
LITERAC
Y %
BIHAR 82.999 10.5 1.8 919 55.5 65.15 47
HIMACHAL 6.078 9.8 1.2 968 44 70.45 76.48
ASSAM 26.656 12.9 1.5 935 68.8 60.2 63.25
ORISSA 36.805 15 1.1 972 85.4 61.3 63.08
UP 166.198 20.8 2 898 74.3 61.95 56.27
WTD AVG 318.74 16.58 1.79 916.44 69.65 62.72 55.61

5. URBAN VS RURAL STATES
TOTAL PPLTN.
(MLN)
% URBN
PPLTN.
PPLTN.
GROWTH
RATE %
SEX RATIO IMR LIFE
EXPCTCY.
LITERACY
%
RURAL 318.74 16.58 1.79 916.44 69.65 62.72 55.61
URBAN 248.17 43.78 1.48 927.78 44.84 68.06 72.58
Education: Urban states perform well above the rural states on education
with an impressive 73% literacy as opposed to the 55% in rural states.
Healthcare: Life expectancy and IMR figures are significantly higher in
predominantly urban states pointing to better healthcare facilities.
Gender Bias: With only slightly better sex ratios of urban states it can be
said that there is no significant improvement in women empowerment
through urbanization. Women empowerment seems to be more of a north-
south phenomenon with women in the southern states more empowered
than their northern counterparts.
Population: The rate of growth of the population remains almost the same
between rural and urban India. It seems that the reduction in the willingness
to have children caused by better education is cancelled by an increase in
infant survival rates due to better healthcare facilities.

6. BENCHMARKING WITH THE
GLOBE!
TOTAL
PPLTN.
(MLN)
% URBN
PPLTN.
PPLTN.
GROWTH
RATE %
SEX
RATIO
IMR LIFE
EXPCTCY.
LITERACY
%
India 1028 27.8 1.6 933 61.3 64.8 64.8
China 1333 43 0.58 943 23 73.5 93.3
USA 308 82 0.97 1111 6.3 78.1 99
Education: Geared to be India’s gravest competitive disadvantage, Education
among Indian masses still hovers around 60% when China has achieved more
than 90%
Healthcare: China can boast of an IMR less than half of India which speaks of
much better health standards.
Gender Bias: Compared to the US figure of 1,111 both India and China’s sex
ratio reveal a predominant gender bias specific to Asian cultures.
Population: China has managed to control its population growth rate and is
poised at about a third of India’s population growth rate of 1.6%

7. CONCLUSION
 India is seriously lagging in the domains of
Education, Healthcare and Women Empowerment
compared to China and USA.
 While urbanization helps improve Education and
Healthcare standards it does not do much to
Indian’s attitude towards Gender equality.
 It also does not ensure population control.
 There definitely seems to be a trickle down effect
in ‘urban states’. While many of them have about
70% of population residing in villages they seem
to have progressed substantially in Education and
Healthcare.

8. THANK YOU
YASH MAHENDRA (PGID: 61010166)