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Topic for 23 November 2013

LESSON # 8 (f)

IN THE NAME OF ALLAH,
MOST COMPASSIONATE,
MOST MERCIFUL.

RELATIONSHIP
ADAB TOWARDS THE PROPHET
# 7 – [Do not put self forward before the Prophet]

3RD RUN OF THE MODULE

started 24 August 2013

Arabic (plural) of Adab : meanings – “good breeding, decency,

nurture, good manners, refinement, cultured, decorum, courteous,
etiquette, propriety, social grace, to educate, discipline, the
humanities, etc.” sense of proportion and knowledge of their rightful
place in the order of things, the absence of which indicates injustice
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)

UPDATED - 23 NOVEMBER 2013
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By retracing our life, we start with understanding
our basic nature as a human being - having
inherent powers and their potentialities to be
developed.

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In our relationship regarding our Education – we
are to encounter, i.e. assisted by our educators with what is referred to as, “knowledge”.

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Yet, we are born helpless and have to be cared,
nurtured, to be inculcated with discipline, taught and
developed by a Murabbi’ (EDUCATOR) – the first of
whom are our PARENTS.

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Yet, we are born helpless and have to be cared,
nurtured, to be inculcated with discipline, taught and
developed by a Murabbi’ (EDUCATOR) – the first of
whom are our PARENTS.

Relationship with the Parents and Teacher

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Relationship with the Parents and Teacher
Beginning of
education:

[1] Tarbiyya pertains
to training of the soul
still attached to
desires, etc.

Obedience to Parents and teachers
TIME

KNOWLEDGE

TEACHERS

PARENTS
Teacher/Educator:

BODY

[1] Parent
[2] Teacher

Although ultimate is
Knowledge, (both
theoretical and
practical) – initial
disciplining, rote learning,
memorization, etc. may be
crucial.

SELF

TONGUE
MIND

HEART
DESIRE

Islam: to submit the entire

self (body, tongue, heart and
Mind) – Freeing it from desire
which needs to always be guided
to the Will of Allah.

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THE WORLD
Relationship with the Parents and Teacher
Beginning of
education:

[1] Tarbiyya pertains
to training of the soul
still attached to
desires, etc.

Teacher/Educator:
[1] Parent
[2] Teacher

Although ultimate is
Knowledge, (both
theoretical and
practical) – initial
disciplining, rote learning,
memorization, etc. may be
crucial.

Obedience to Parents and teachers
TIME

KNOWLEDGE

PARENTS
SELF
TEACHERS
BODY

HEART

TONGUE

MIND

DESIRE

Islam: to submit the entire

self (body, tongue, heart and
Mind) – Freeing it from desire
which needs to always be guided
to the Will of Allah.

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THE WORLD
“Educate (nurture) your children upon three things:
[1] To Love your Prophet (s.a.w.),
[2] And to love the Family members of his household (Aali
Muhammad),
[3] and (learn) to recite Al-Qur’an.”
(Hadith narrated by Tabrani)
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ALLAH

RASULULLAH

AHLIL-BAYTIHI

AL-QUR’AN

ASHAABIHI

AS-SUNNAH
Relationship
towards the
KNOWLEDGE
TIME
Prophet s.a.w. his
TEACHERS
household &
PARENTS
companions, and
reciting al-Qur’an
SELF

HISTORY

*Seerah

Tashri’
Tabaqat
Islamic
S.E. Asia
The World

“Educate (nurture) your children upon three things:
[1] To Love your Prophet (s.a.w.),
[2] And to love the Family members of his household (Aali Muhammad),
[3] and (learn) to recite Al-Qur’an.”
(Hadith narrated by Tabrani)

THE WORLD
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WHAT ARE THESE AND HOW TO INCULCATE. ?

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TO PROCEED FROM PREVIOUS LESSON ...

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“Say [O Prophet]: "If you love Allah, follow me, [and] Allah will
love you and forgive you your sins; for Allah is much-forgiving, a
dispenser of grace.”
(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 31)

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“O YOU who have attained to faith! Remain conscious
of Allah, and be among those who are true to their
word (Swodiqeen)!”
(Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 119)

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
“With all this, it is not desirable that all of the believers
take the field [in time of war]. From within every group
in their midst, some shall refrain from going forth to
war, and shall devote themselves [instead] to acquiring
a deeper knowledge of the Faith (LIYA TAFAQ-QAHUFID-DEEN). and [thus be able to] teach their homecoming brethren, so that these [too] might guard
themselves against evil.”
(Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 122)

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“O YOU who have attained to faith! Do not put yourselves
forward in the presence of [what] Allah and His Messenger
[may have ordained], but remain conscious of Allah: for, verily,
Allah is all-hearing, all-knowing!”
(Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 1)
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 This “Adab” requires “TaqwaAllah” at all times; to be conscious
that there are already injunctions, commandments, teachings,
opinions, advices, etc. already in al-Islam – which we are here told
by Allah s.w.t. “not to be bold as to precede i.e. by placing ourselves
and our opinions before these.” Our states of mind (ahwal) is
always self-centred and are in fact attached to our desires. As
Prophet Yusuf ibn Ya’kub a.s. lamented:

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 This “Adab” requires “TaqwaAllah” at all times; to be conscious
that there are already injunctions, commandments, teachings,
opinions, advices, etc. already in al-Islam – which we are here told
by Allah s.w.t. “not to be bold as to precede i.e. by placing ourselves
and our opinions before these.” Our states of mind (ahwal) is
always self-centred and are in fact attached to our desires. As
Prophet Yusuf ibn Ya’kub a.s. lamented:
“And yet, I am not trying to absolve myself: for, verily, man's
inner self does incite [him] to evil, and saved are only they
upon whom my Sustainer bestows His grace. Behold, my
Sustainer is much forgiving, a dispenser of grace!“
(Qur’an: Yusuf: 12: 53)
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 Consider again these verses:

“Indeed, Allah confers blessing (salutations) upon the
Prophet, and His angels salutes [him too and ask Allah to
bless him]. O you who have believed, salute him [also] and
ask Allah to confer blessing upon him [worthy of his
station] and [to grant him] peace.”
(Qur’an: Ahzab: 33: 56)
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 Consider again these verses:

“O you who have attained to faith! Enter (surrender,
submit) into Islam completely [and perfectly],”
(Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 208)

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 Here, the meaning of “yusallimu tasleema” and “udkhulu fee-silmi
kaa-fa” becomes profoundly significant (to me), indicating there are
yet a higher requirement for us to attain to.
 Thus it is obligatory for us to constantly seek Allah’s forgiveness for
our neglect. Many do not even realise this aspect of our
transgressing Allah’s and His Messenger’s rights daily.
Astaghfirullah!

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
 Here, the meaning of “yusallimu tasleema” and “udkhulu fee-silmi
kaa-fa” becomes profoundly significant (to me), indicating there are
yet a higher requirement for us to attain to.
 Thus it is obligatory for us to constantly seek Allah’s forgiveness for
our neglect. Many do not even realise this aspect of our
transgressing Allah’s and His Messenger’s rights daily.
Astaghfirullah!
“"O our Sustainer! We have sinned against ourselves -and
unless Thou grant us forgiveness and bestow Thy mercy
upon us, we shall most certainly be lost!"
(Qur’an: A’raf: 7: 23)

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 We should be humble, and must realise that we are in fact so
utterly flawed (and are in fact ‘sinning’, i.e. being unjust to
ourselves) for we are inadvertently breaching this ruling in life.
 How much and how often have we neglected to be vigilant on this
matter? Entertaining our bloated ego and self-importance?
 Perhaps some may plead ‘ignorance’, but surely to yet then
continue to remain ignorant, is also a sin, isn’t it? Had it not for
Allah’s Mercy and forgiveness we would be utterly ruined.

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
“ ... and neither does he (Muhammad) speak out of his
own desire: that [which he conveys to you] is but [a
divine] inspiration with which he is being inspired –
something that a very mighty one has imparted to him:”
(Qur’an: Najm: 53: 3-5)
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“He it is who has sent unto the unlettered people an apostle from
among themselves, to convey unto them His messages, and to
cause them to grow in purity, and to impart unto them the divine
writ as well as wisdom - whereas before that they were indeed,
most obviously, lost in error”
(Qur’an: Jumu’ah: 62: 2)
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“Hence, accept [willingly] whatever the Messenger gives you
[thereof], and refrain from [demanding] anything that he
withholds from you; and remain conscious of Allah: for, verily,
Allah is severe in retribution.”
(Qur’an: Hashr: 59: 7)

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“And upon thee [too] have We bestowed from on high this
reminder, so that thou might make clear (LI-TUBAI-YIN) unto
mankind all that has ever been thus bestowed upon them, and
that they might take thought.”
(Qur’an: Nahlu: 16: 44)

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
“And I leave behind me for you all, for clarifying in your
affairs (of this religion), whosoever holdfast to them shall
never be led astray – (these are) the Book of Allah and
the Sunnah (Way or tradition) of His Messenger.”
(From Sermon reported by Ibnu Hisham in his “Seerah” )

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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
“Verily, I am leaving behind me for you all, whosoever
clings to them shall never be astray after this till the
hereafter :-the Book of Allah - the rope stretched from
heaven to the earth;
and my ‘itrah’ [progeny] from my Household – These two
will never be separated from each other until they return
upon the Pool (in Paradise).
See that you do not differ from (the guidance of) these two
after me.”
(Hadith reported by Tirmidzi)

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 We must be very careful in not fabricating any lies, attributing or
repeating unverified reports containing lies of what seemed to
be Ahadith (perhaps in our ignorance), to our Prophet s.a.w. In
one “mutawatir ” Hadith he warns:

“Whosoever (intentionally) fabricates a lie (in my name)
against me, let him seek his place (of abode)
in the Fire (of Hell).”
(Hadith reported by Bukhary, Muslim, Darimi,
Abu Dawud, Ibnu Majah, Tirmidzi, Abu Hanifa,
At-Thayalisi, at-Tabarani and al-Hakim)
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
It contains two parts :

ISNAD (chain of narrators of the report)
(the content of the teaching from
MATN
the Prophet [pbuh])

41
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from
from
from
from

Imam Bukhary -reported
Musa
Abu ‘Awanah
Abu Hussain
Abu Hurayrah - who heard

Prophet Muhammad [pbuh] said :

MATN
42
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ISNAD

Example of Hadith
from
from
from
from

Imam Bukhary -reported
Musa
Abu ‘Awanah
Abu Hussain
Abu Hurayrah - who heard

ISNAD

Example of Hadith

Prophet Muhammad [pbuh] said :
“Whosoever fabricates falsehood intentionally against me,
let him seek his abode in hell-fire.”

MATN
43
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According to the number of “Isnad”

MUTAWWATIR
a “Sunnah” reported
by 4 or more chains
of narrators (ISNAD)

44
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THIS TYPE OF HADITH IS UNIVERSALY ACCEPTED AS MOST AUTHENTIC
Al-Bukhary
Musa
Abu ‘Awanah
Abu Hussain
Abu Hurairah

At-Tirmidzi
Abu Hisham
Abu Bakr b Ayyasy
‘Ashim
Zirr
Ibnu Mas’ud

Muslim
Ali al-Hidir
Ali b Mushir
Muhammad b Qais
Ali b Rabi’ah
Al-Mughirah

Ath-Thayalisi
Abdur Rahman
Abis-Zinad
Amr b Sa’ied
Uthman

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Ad-Darimi
Muhammad b Esa
Haitsam
Abu Zubair
Jabir

Abu Hanifah
‘Athiyah
Abi Sa’ied al-Khudri

Abu Dawud
‘Amr b ‘Aun
Musaddad
Wabrah
‘Amir
Abdullah b Zubair
Az-Zubair

Ath-Thabrani
Abu Ishaq
Ibrahim
Nubaith b
Syarieth

Ibn Majah
Muhamad b Ramh
Al-Laits
Abnu Shihab
Anas

Al-Hakim
Abul-Fadl b Al-Husain
Muhamad b A Wahab
Ja’afar b ‘Aun
Abu Hayyan
Jazid b Hayyan
Zaid b Arqam
THIS TYPE OF HADITH IS UNIVERSALY ACCEPTED AS MOST AUTHENTIC
Al-Bukhary
Musa
Abu ‘Awanah
Abu Hussain
Abu Hurairah

Muslim
Ali al-Hidir
Ali b Mushir
Muhammad b Qais
Ali b Rabi’ah
Al-Mughirah

Ad-Darimi
Muhammad b Esa
Haitsam
Abu Zubair
Jabir

Abu Dawud
‘Amr b ‘Aun
Musaddad
Wabrah
‘Amir
Abdullah b Zubair
Az-Zubair

Ibn Majah
Muhamad b Ramh
Al-Laits
Abnu Shihab
Anas

“Whosoever fabricates falsehood intentionally against me,
let him seek his abode in hell-fire.”
At-Tirmidzi
Abu Hisham
Abu Bakr b Ayyasy
‘Ashim
Zirr
Ibnu Mas’ud

Ath-Thayalisi
Abdur Rahman
Abis-Zinad
Amr b Sa’ied
Uthman

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Abu Hanifah
‘Athiyah
Abi Sa’ied al-Khudri

Ath-Thabrani
Abu Ishaq
Ibrahim
Nubaith b
Syarieth

Al-Hakim
Abul-Fadl b Al-Husain
Muhamad b A Wahab
Ja’afar b ‘Aun
Abu Hayyan
Jazid b Hayyan
Zaid b Arqam
According to the number of “Isnad”

MUTAWWATIR
a “Sunnah” reported
by 4 or more chains
of narrators (ISNAD)
VERY RELIABLE
47
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According to the number of “Isnad”

MUTAWWATIR
a “Sunnah” reported
by 4 or more chains
of narrators (ISNAD)
VERY RELIABLE

AHAD
a “Sunnah” reported
by 3 or less chains
of narrators (ISNAD)
RELIABILITY DEPENDS ON
STRENGTH OF CHAIN
48

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THE RATIONALE:

“THE STRENGTH OF A CHAIN IS AT THE WEAKEST LINK”
“Therefore if only one link (narrator) in a report is weak,
the whole report is to be regarded as weak.”

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THE RATIONALE:

“AN OBJECT MUST ALSO BE SUPPORTED BY AT LEAST ONE
OTHER SEPARATE CHAIN TO BE REGARDED SAVE AND RELIABLE”
“Therefore a report which cannot be independently corroborated
is ground for it being regarded as weak or unreliable.”

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THE RATIONALE:

“A CHAIN MUST BE CONTINUOUSLY LINKED TO THE
SOURCE OF WHICH IT IS SUPPOSED TO BE CONNECTED”
“Therefore a report which has gaps in the links (of narrators)
is a reason for its rejection.”

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Further categorization of “AHAD” hadith on
the basis of number of Chains.

Mash-hur

Aziz

(well-known)

(strong)

(rare)

Narrated by way
of 3 chains

Narrated by way
of 2 chains

Narrated by way
of a single chains

CAN BE CONSIDERED
FOR FURTHER
CATERGORIZATION

CAN BE CONSIDERED
FOR FURTHER
CATERGORIZATION

BASED ON ISNAD USUALLY
THIS CATEGORY IS REJECTED

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Gharib

52
Al-‘ilm al-Jarh wa al-Ta’dil
(The knowledge of invalidating and
declaring reliable of Hadith)

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Checking upon the
“ISNAD” (chain of narrators)
Checking upon the
“MATN” (the text)
Checking the integrity of
the “RAWI” (the narrators)

54
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Detailed account of every narrators (SAHABI, TABI’IN,
TABI’-TABI’IN), compiled and verified.
Their strength and weakness subjected to scrutiny
Grading them according grades of reliability (‘Adl, Tsiqa,
Saduq, Saduq yahim, Maqbul, Layyin)
Even those unreliable were identified (Majhul, Muttaham
bil-kadzib, Kadzaab)
55
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Ahadith which are “MASH-HUR” or “AZIZ “

Maqbul

Mardud

(Accepted)

( Rejected )

Shahih
Authentic

Hassan
Good

Dho’if
Weak

Maudhu’
Fabrication
56

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Due to defects of the narrator.
Due to discontinuity in the chain.
Due to incidental reasons.

57
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Continuity of the chain
Integrity of the transmitter (narrator)
Soundness of narrator’s memory
Conformity to stronger sources
Absence of hidden defects

58
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All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
Not contrary to Qur’an & authentic Ahadith
Not illogical, against common law
Not out of proportion
Not containing too much detail on prophecy
Not contrary to the position of the Prophet (pbuh)
Personal praise or condemnation of any Companions, tribes
or places is suspect.
60
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THESE WERE COMPILED AFTER IMAM ASH-SHAFI’IE PERIOD

As- S a h i h -

Imam Bukhary

Al-Musnad as- S a h i h
Sunan -

- Imam Muslim

Imam Abu Dawud

Sunan al-Mujtaba -

Imam An-Nasa-’i

Sunan -

Imam At-Tirmidzi

Sunan -

Imam Ibnu Majah
61

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AL-MUWATHA’ - Imam Malik ibn Anas
AL-MUSNAD - Imam Abu Hanifa
AL-MUSNAD - Imam As-Shafi’-ie
AL-MUSNAD

- Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal

AL-MUSNAD - Imam At-Tabraniy
AL-MUSNAD - Imam Al-Hakim
AS-SUNAN - Imam Baihaqy
AS-SUNAN - Imam Ad-Darimy

…. Etc.
62

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?
ING
ND
S TA
R
NDE
U
OS E
WH

Extracted from:
PREVIOUS INTERMEDIATE MODULE
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
)

“INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF
FIQH ”

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for
Adults
conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
TEXT AND MANUAL ARE MERELY INFORMATION
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
)

THIS LIST IS NOT EXHAUSTIVE, ONLY BASED
ON MY VERY LIMITED EXPOSURE AND STUDY
Traditionally in this kind of session using Ahadith manual, the
teacher must be a FAQIH, because religious ruling is not merely
based upon Ahadith alone.
Muhadith preserves the Ahadith of Prophet s.a.a.w, whereas
a Faqih is the one who extracts the rules of Deen of Allah SWT
from Qur’an, Ahadith and other principles (of Fiqh).
Thus, in practice, the FAQIH ought to be followed. Students must
refrain from passing ruling from mere reading of these Hadith,
without referring also to one who is a FAQIH.
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
)
This is because a FAQIH (jurist) possess a basic understanding of
the various sciences of Hadith as well gathers abstracts of
common meanings from them; the ability to explain the apparent
contradictions that are found in the Ahadith and untie their knots;
also deep understanding of the Qur’an and its Tafsir and related
sciences, well versed in the various sciences of the Arabic
language as well as possesses the knowledge of the statements of
the Sahabah r.a., with comprehensive understanding of the
principles of analogy (Qiyas).
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
)
It is for this reason that Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah rhm.a. an
illustrious scholar of Hadith, used to say:

“(Muslim’s) submitting to the Fuqaha (expert opinions),
is safety in (his following) the Deen (religion of Islam)”.

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)
He, Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah rhm.a. also used to say:

“The Hadith can lead (ignorant people) astray except
(when explained by) the FUQAHA (jurists)”.

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)
A man came to the famous (Muhaddith), Zuhair ibn Mu’awiyah
(to learn). He asked him: “Where do you come from?” (i.e. where
were you learning previously). The man replied: “from Abu
Hanifah (Faqih)”.
Imam Zuhair remarked:“Your going to Abu Hanifah for one day is
more beneficial for you than staying with me for one month”.

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)
Imam A’mash rhm. when meeting with Imam Abu Hanifah r.a.
was astonished at his response and comment to one Hadith
which he just conveyed to Imam Abu Hanifah till he exclaimed:
“Enough! You wish to narrate to me in one moment what I
narrated to you in 100 days. I was not aware that you have
practical application to all these Ahadith.
(Then he said:)

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)
Imam A’mash rhm. when meeting with Imam Abu Hanifah r.a.
was astonished at his response and comment to one Hadith
which he just conveyed to Imam Abu Hanifah till he exclaimed:

“O Fuqaha (jurists)! You are the physicians (doctors )and
we (Muhaddithin – scholars of Hadith) are (only)
the dispensers (pharmacists).”
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)
Muhammad ibn ‘Abdullah ibn Al-Hakam was asked:
“Who is a Faqih? “
He replied: “That person who extracts one principle from
the Qur’an or As-Sunnah in which he was not preceded by anyone,
then divides that principle into one hundred branches”.
The person asked: Who is it that has such ability?
In reply he said: “Muhammad ibn Idris Ash-Shafi-’ie (r.a.)”.
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)
Those reading-circle using Ahadith manual in our community
following the SHAFI’IE school, actually has the purpose to revise
(and even memorising) the Hadith, as well as gaining blessings
especially when the manual is read by those possessing ISNAD link.
It is thus primarily meant for one to improve one’s knowledge of
Hadith, not necessarily FIQH, because Imam Ash-Shafi-’ie
prioritized the knowledge of Hadith over the dominance of Ra-’iy
(juristic reasoning) in equipping our scholars of FIQH. But as to the
learning FIQH itself, one must require a qualified teacher of FIQH.
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
)
This clarification is to dispel the notion – especially to those who are
new, merely learning and quoting a Hadith itself (although one of
prerequisite), this is not sufficient for pronouncing a FIQH ruling.
Scholars specializing only in Hadith (MUHADDITH) must comply with
the ADAB of not usurping the place of those who are the FAQIH.
It is most unfortunate that some Hadith manuals compiled by people
like Imam An-Nawawi, is being ‘used’ to incite people to become
‘non-Madzhabi ’ while Imam An-Nawawi himself followed a
Madzhab and even has a manual on FIQH of the SHAFI’IE MADZHAB.
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
)
In his Manaqib al-Imam al-Shafi'i, Imam Taqiuddin al-Subki
mentions from al-Bayhaqi, a narration from al-Imam al-Shafi'i, that
he said:
"That which is innovated in the religion

are

of two types:
The first, that which is innovated
or the Sunnah, or a narration

and contradicts the Book
or consensus

this is the innovation of misguidance .

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
)

and
And the second, that which is innovated “

“ from that

which is regarded as good, and does not differ from these, then this
innovation “

“

is not reprehensible “

“.

Umar ibn al-Khattab, radiya'Allahu anhu, said of the standing [in
prayer] in the month of Ramadan [i.e. Tarawih] :
"A good innovation, this is “
was innovated “

“ meaning, though it

“ (without prior existence), yet there was

nothing (about it that is) contradicting that which came before/the
aforementioned “

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
)

"
So we see clearly that al-Imam al-Shafi'i mentions that the innovation
of misguidance [al-bid'atu al-Dalalah] as mentioned in the Hadith
only refers to that which contradicts the Book and the Sunnah, or a
narration, or Ijma'. *
In this instance the Prophet s.a.a.w. chose to call the innovations in
general terms as

“

“ and not “

.“ So should one

dislike the term "good bid'ah" [bid'ah hasanah], arguing that all
bid'ah is misguidance by definition, then it may simply be argued that
this is not “

“ but “

under that umbrella of

“

“, and therefore does not fall
“.

* Not due to absence of examples, but because of it opposing the accepted teachings.
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
)
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
“Those who shall follow the [last] Messenger, the unlettered
Prophet whom they shall find described in the Torah that is with
them, and [later on] in the Gospel: [the Prophet] who will enjoin
upon them the doing of what is right and forbid them the doing of
what is wrong, and make lawful to them the good things of life
and forbid them the bad things, and lift from them their burdens
and the shackles that were upon them [aforetime]. Those,
therefore, who shall believe in him, and honour him, and succour
him, and follow the light that has been bestowed from on high
through him-it is they that shall attain to a happy state.“
(Qur’an: A’-raf: 7: 157)
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
 What is our aim in life?
 If we say we love the Prophet s.a.w. wouldn’t we regard his cause
to be most the cherished and dearest to us. The Shahabah
(companions of the Prophet s.a.w.) often would respond to the
Prophet s.a.w. with a phrase “May my parents (i.e. I would rather
that they) be sacrificed in your place, O Messenger of Allah !”
 Many of us may have forgotten our primary purpose in life.
Frankly, when we pose the question: “what is your ambition, your
primary goal; the motivation; your most important ‘calling’ in
life?”, what would be the response?

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
 Our life’s goal; our systems of value; likes and dislikes; our
potentials and gifts, be they physical, material, intellectual,
political and spiritual etc. are they orientated and being channelled
towards living up to our claim of being the helpers of Allah and His
Messenger s.a.w.?
 Allah teaches and commands us:

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
 Our life’s goal; our systems of value; likes and dislikes; our
potentials and gifts, be they physical, material, intellectual,
political and spiritual etc. are they orientated and being channelled
towards living up to our claim of being the helpers of Allah and His
Messenger s.a.w.?
 Allah teaches and commands us:
“O YOU who have attained to faith! Be helpers [in the cause of
Allah - even as Jesus, the son of Mary, said unto the white-garbed
ones, "Who will be my helpers in Allah's cause?" - whereupon the
white-garbed [disciples] replied, "We shall be [thy] helpers [in the
cause] of Allah!"
(Qur’an: Saff: 61: 14)
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
THE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRUE SUCCESSFUL MUSLIMS
 “enjoin the doing of what is right and forbid the doing of what is
wrong”;
 “make lawful the good things of life and forbid them the bad things”;
 “lift burdens and the shackles that were upon them [aforetime]”;
 “who believe in him, and honour him, and succour (help) him, and
follow the light that has been bestowed from on high through him.”
WaAllaahu a’-lam
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
"Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have
forgotten or erred.
Our Lord, and lay not upon us a burden like that which
You laid upon those before us.
Our Lord, and burden us not with that which we have no
ability to bear. And pardon us; and forgive us; and have
mercy upon us. You are our protector, so give us victory
over the disbelieving people."

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
“O Allah, make my speech be guidance, inspire me with
reverential fear, give me success in that which is most
pure, and employ me in what is most pleasing to Thee!
O Allah, let me tread the most exemplary path and make
me live and die in Thy creed!
O Allah, bless Muhammad and his Household, give me to
enjoy moderation, make me into one of the people of
right behaviour, the proofs of right conduct, and the
servants of righteousness,"

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
O Allah! Make faith (iiman) dear to us and beautify it in our hearts
and make disbelief (Kufr), sinning (Fusuq) and rebelliousness (`isyan)
hateful to us, and make us among the rightly guided ( Raa-shi-duun).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
O Allah! Allow us to die as Muslims, live as Muslims
and join us with the ranks of the righteous ones,
without tasting humiliation or turmoil.

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
‘And (may Allah send) salutations and prayers upon Muhammad
and upon the household and companions of Muhammad
(the pure ones of his family and all the loyal followers).

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
“Glory to thy Lord the Lord, of Honour and Power!
(He is free) from what they ascribe (to Him)!
And Peace on the Messengers!
And praise to Allah, the Lord and Cherisher of the Worlds.”

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
All welcome to visit my web-blog:

http://an-naseehah.blogspot.com/
http://introductiontotauhid.blogspot.com/
http://oyoubelievers.blogspot.com/
http://al-amthaal.blogspot.com/
http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/
http://criteriaforaholybook-quran.blogspot.com/
http://with-the-truthful.blogspot.com/
http ://muqaddam-nurul.blogspot.com/

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)

94

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Relationship with the Prophet and Adab

  • 1. Topic for 23 November 2013 LESSON # 8 (f) IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, MOST COMPASSIONATE, MOST MERCIFUL. RELATIONSHIP ADAB TOWARDS THE PROPHET # 7 – [Do not put self forward before the Prophet] 3RD RUN OF THE MODULE started 24 August 2013 Arabic (plural) of Adab : meanings – “good breeding, decency, nurture, good manners, refinement, cultured, decorum, courteous, etiquette, propriety, social grace, to educate, discipline, the humanities, etc.” sense of proportion and knowledge of their rightful place in the order of things, the absence of which indicates injustice All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) UPDATED - 23 NOVEMBER 2013
  • 2. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON By retracing our life, we start with understanding our basic nature as a human being - having inherent powers and their potentialities to be developed. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 3. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON In our relationship regarding our Education – we are to encounter, i.e. assisted by our educators with what is referred to as, “knowledge”. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 4. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON Yet, we are born helpless and have to be cared, nurtured, to be inculcated with discipline, taught and developed by a Murabbi’ (EDUCATOR) – the first of whom are our PARENTS. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 5. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON Yet, we are born helpless and have to be cared, nurtured, to be inculcated with discipline, taught and developed by a Murabbi’ (EDUCATOR) – the first of whom are our PARENTS. Relationship with the Parents and Teacher All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 6. Relationship with the Parents and Teacher Beginning of education: [1] Tarbiyya pertains to training of the soul still attached to desires, etc. Obedience to Parents and teachers TIME KNOWLEDGE TEACHERS PARENTS Teacher/Educator: BODY [1] Parent [2] Teacher Although ultimate is Knowledge, (both theoretical and practical) – initial disciplining, rote learning, memorization, etc. may be crucial. SELF TONGUE MIND HEART DESIRE Islam: to submit the entire self (body, tongue, heart and Mind) – Freeing it from desire which needs to always be guided to the Will of Allah. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) THE WORLD
  • 7. Relationship with the Parents and Teacher Beginning of education: [1] Tarbiyya pertains to training of the soul still attached to desires, etc. Teacher/Educator: [1] Parent [2] Teacher Although ultimate is Knowledge, (both theoretical and practical) – initial disciplining, rote learning, memorization, etc. may be crucial. Obedience to Parents and teachers TIME KNOWLEDGE PARENTS SELF TEACHERS BODY HEART TONGUE MIND DESIRE Islam: to submit the entire self (body, tongue, heart and Mind) – Freeing it from desire which needs to always be guided to the Will of Allah. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) THE WORLD
  • 8. “Educate (nurture) your children upon three things: [1] To Love your Prophet (s.a.w.), [2] And to love the Family members of his household (Aali Muhammad), [3] and (learn) to recite Al-Qur’an.” (Hadith narrated by Tabrani) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 9. ALLAH RASULULLAH AHLIL-BAYTIHI AL-QUR’AN ASHAABIHI AS-SUNNAH Relationship towards the KNOWLEDGE TIME Prophet s.a.w. his TEACHERS household & PARENTS companions, and reciting al-Qur’an SELF HISTORY *Seerah Tashri’ Tabaqat Islamic S.E. Asia The World “Educate (nurture) your children upon three things: [1] To Love your Prophet (s.a.w.), [2] And to love the Family members of his household (Aali Muhammad), [3] and (learn) to recite Al-Qur’an.” (Hadith narrated by Tabrani) THE WORLD All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 10. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON WHAT ARE THESE AND HOW TO INCULCATE. ? All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 11. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 12. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 13. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 14. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 15. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 16. RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 17. TO PROCEED FROM PREVIOUS LESSON ... All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 18. “Say [O Prophet]: "If you love Allah, follow me, [and] Allah will love you and forgive you your sins; for Allah is much-forgiving, a dispenser of grace.” (Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 31) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 19. “O YOU who have attained to faith! Remain conscious of Allah, and be among those who are true to their word (Swodiqeen)!” (Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 119) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 20. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 21. “With all this, it is not desirable that all of the believers take the field [in time of war]. From within every group in their midst, some shall refrain from going forth to war, and shall devote themselves [instead] to acquiring a deeper knowledge of the Faith (LIYA TAFAQ-QAHUFID-DEEN). and [thus be able to] teach their homecoming brethren, so that these [too] might guard themselves against evil.” (Qur’an: Taubah: 9: 122) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 22. “O YOU who have attained to faith! Do not put yourselves forward in the presence of [what] Allah and His Messenger [may have ordained], but remain conscious of Allah: for, verily, Allah is all-hearing, all-knowing!” (Qur’an: Hujurat: 49: 1) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 23.  This “Adab” requires “TaqwaAllah” at all times; to be conscious that there are already injunctions, commandments, teachings, opinions, advices, etc. already in al-Islam – which we are here told by Allah s.w.t. “not to be bold as to precede i.e. by placing ourselves and our opinions before these.” Our states of mind (ahwal) is always self-centred and are in fact attached to our desires. As Prophet Yusuf ibn Ya’kub a.s. lamented: All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 24.  This “Adab” requires “TaqwaAllah” at all times; to be conscious that there are already injunctions, commandments, teachings, opinions, advices, etc. already in al-Islam – which we are here told by Allah s.w.t. “not to be bold as to precede i.e. by placing ourselves and our opinions before these.” Our states of mind (ahwal) is always self-centred and are in fact attached to our desires. As Prophet Yusuf ibn Ya’kub a.s. lamented: “And yet, I am not trying to absolve myself: for, verily, man's inner self does incite [him] to evil, and saved are only they upon whom my Sustainer bestows His grace. Behold, my Sustainer is much forgiving, a dispenser of grace!“ (Qur’an: Yusuf: 12: 53) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 25.  Consider again these verses: “Indeed, Allah confers blessing (salutations) upon the Prophet, and His angels salutes [him too and ask Allah to bless him]. O you who have believed, salute him [also] and ask Allah to confer blessing upon him [worthy of his station] and [to grant him] peace.” (Qur’an: Ahzab: 33: 56) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 26.  Consider again these verses: “O you who have attained to faith! Enter (surrender, submit) into Islam completely [and perfectly],” (Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 208) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 27.  Here, the meaning of “yusallimu tasleema” and “udkhulu fee-silmi kaa-fa” becomes profoundly significant (to me), indicating there are yet a higher requirement for us to attain to.  Thus it is obligatory for us to constantly seek Allah’s forgiveness for our neglect. Many do not even realise this aspect of our transgressing Allah’s and His Messenger’s rights daily. Astaghfirullah! All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 28.  Here, the meaning of “yusallimu tasleema” and “udkhulu fee-silmi kaa-fa” becomes profoundly significant (to me), indicating there are yet a higher requirement for us to attain to.  Thus it is obligatory for us to constantly seek Allah’s forgiveness for our neglect. Many do not even realise this aspect of our transgressing Allah’s and His Messenger’s rights daily. Astaghfirullah! “"O our Sustainer! We have sinned against ourselves -and unless Thou grant us forgiveness and bestow Thy mercy upon us, we shall most certainly be lost!" (Qur’an: A’raf: 7: 23) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 29.  We should be humble, and must realise that we are in fact so utterly flawed (and are in fact ‘sinning’, i.e. being unjust to ourselves) for we are inadvertently breaching this ruling in life.  How much and how often have we neglected to be vigilant on this matter? Entertaining our bloated ego and self-importance?  Perhaps some may plead ‘ignorance’, but surely to yet then continue to remain ignorant, is also a sin, isn’t it? Had it not for Allah’s Mercy and forgiveness we would be utterly ruined. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 30. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 31. “ ... and neither does he (Muhammad) speak out of his own desire: that [which he conveys to you] is but [a divine] inspiration with which he is being inspired – something that a very mighty one has imparted to him:” (Qur’an: Najm: 53: 3-5) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 32. “He it is who has sent unto the unlettered people an apostle from among themselves, to convey unto them His messages, and to cause them to grow in purity, and to impart unto them the divine writ as well as wisdom - whereas before that they were indeed, most obviously, lost in error” (Qur’an: Jumu’ah: 62: 2) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 33. “Hence, accept [willingly] whatever the Messenger gives you [thereof], and refrain from [demanding] anything that he withholds from you; and remain conscious of Allah: for, verily, Allah is severe in retribution.” (Qur’an: Hashr: 59: 7) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 34. “And upon thee [too] have We bestowed from on high this reminder, so that thou might make clear (LI-TUBAI-YIN) unto mankind all that has ever been thus bestowed upon them, and that they might take thought.” (Qur’an: Nahlu: 16: 44) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 35. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 36. “And I leave behind me for you all, for clarifying in your affairs (of this religion), whosoever holdfast to them shall never be led astray – (these are) the Book of Allah and the Sunnah (Way or tradition) of His Messenger.” (From Sermon reported by Ibnu Hisham in his “Seerah” ) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 37. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 38. “Verily, I am leaving behind me for you all, whosoever clings to them shall never be astray after this till the hereafter :-the Book of Allah - the rope stretched from heaven to the earth; and my ‘itrah’ [progeny] from my Household – These two will never be separated from each other until they return upon the Pool (in Paradise). See that you do not differ from (the guidance of) these two after me.” (Hadith reported by Tirmidzi) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 39.  We must be very careful in not fabricating any lies, attributing or repeating unverified reports containing lies of what seemed to be Ahadith (perhaps in our ignorance), to our Prophet s.a.w. In one “mutawatir ” Hadith he warns: “Whosoever (intentionally) fabricates a lie (in my name) against me, let him seek his place (of abode) in the Fire (of Hell).” (Hadith reported by Bukhary, Muslim, Darimi, Abu Dawud, Ibnu Majah, Tirmidzi, Abu Hanifa, At-Thayalisi, at-Tabarani and al-Hakim) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 40. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 41. It contains two parts : ISNAD (chain of narrators of the report) (the content of the teaching from MATN the Prophet [pbuh]) 41 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 42. from from from from Imam Bukhary -reported Musa Abu ‘Awanah Abu Hussain Abu Hurayrah - who heard Prophet Muhammad [pbuh] said : MATN 42 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) ISNAD Example of Hadith
  • 43. from from from from Imam Bukhary -reported Musa Abu ‘Awanah Abu Hussain Abu Hurayrah - who heard ISNAD Example of Hadith Prophet Muhammad [pbuh] said : “Whosoever fabricates falsehood intentionally against me, let him seek his abode in hell-fire.” MATN 43 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 44. According to the number of “Isnad” MUTAWWATIR a “Sunnah” reported by 4 or more chains of narrators (ISNAD) 44 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 45. THIS TYPE OF HADITH IS UNIVERSALY ACCEPTED AS MOST AUTHENTIC Al-Bukhary Musa Abu ‘Awanah Abu Hussain Abu Hurairah At-Tirmidzi Abu Hisham Abu Bakr b Ayyasy ‘Ashim Zirr Ibnu Mas’ud Muslim Ali al-Hidir Ali b Mushir Muhammad b Qais Ali b Rabi’ah Al-Mughirah Ath-Thayalisi Abdur Rahman Abis-Zinad Amr b Sa’ied Uthman All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) Ad-Darimi Muhammad b Esa Haitsam Abu Zubair Jabir Abu Hanifah ‘Athiyah Abi Sa’ied al-Khudri Abu Dawud ‘Amr b ‘Aun Musaddad Wabrah ‘Amir Abdullah b Zubair Az-Zubair Ath-Thabrani Abu Ishaq Ibrahim Nubaith b Syarieth Ibn Majah Muhamad b Ramh Al-Laits Abnu Shihab Anas Al-Hakim Abul-Fadl b Al-Husain Muhamad b A Wahab Ja’afar b ‘Aun Abu Hayyan Jazid b Hayyan Zaid b Arqam
  • 46. THIS TYPE OF HADITH IS UNIVERSALY ACCEPTED AS MOST AUTHENTIC Al-Bukhary Musa Abu ‘Awanah Abu Hussain Abu Hurairah Muslim Ali al-Hidir Ali b Mushir Muhammad b Qais Ali b Rabi’ah Al-Mughirah Ad-Darimi Muhammad b Esa Haitsam Abu Zubair Jabir Abu Dawud ‘Amr b ‘Aun Musaddad Wabrah ‘Amir Abdullah b Zubair Az-Zubair Ibn Majah Muhamad b Ramh Al-Laits Abnu Shihab Anas “Whosoever fabricates falsehood intentionally against me, let him seek his abode in hell-fire.” At-Tirmidzi Abu Hisham Abu Bakr b Ayyasy ‘Ashim Zirr Ibnu Mas’ud Ath-Thayalisi Abdur Rahman Abis-Zinad Amr b Sa’ied Uthman All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) Abu Hanifah ‘Athiyah Abi Sa’ied al-Khudri Ath-Thabrani Abu Ishaq Ibrahim Nubaith b Syarieth Al-Hakim Abul-Fadl b Al-Husain Muhamad b A Wahab Ja’afar b ‘Aun Abu Hayyan Jazid b Hayyan Zaid b Arqam
  • 47. According to the number of “Isnad” MUTAWWATIR a “Sunnah” reported by 4 or more chains of narrators (ISNAD) VERY RELIABLE 47 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 48. According to the number of “Isnad” MUTAWWATIR a “Sunnah” reported by 4 or more chains of narrators (ISNAD) VERY RELIABLE AHAD a “Sunnah” reported by 3 or less chains of narrators (ISNAD) RELIABILITY DEPENDS ON STRENGTH OF CHAIN 48 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 49. THE RATIONALE: “THE STRENGTH OF A CHAIN IS AT THE WEAKEST LINK” “Therefore if only one link (narrator) in a report is weak, the whole report is to be regarded as weak.” All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 50. THE RATIONALE: “AN OBJECT MUST ALSO BE SUPPORTED BY AT LEAST ONE OTHER SEPARATE CHAIN TO BE REGARDED SAVE AND RELIABLE” “Therefore a report which cannot be independently corroborated is ground for it being regarded as weak or unreliable.” All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 51. THE RATIONALE: “A CHAIN MUST BE CONTINUOUSLY LINKED TO THE SOURCE OF WHICH IT IS SUPPOSED TO BE CONNECTED” “Therefore a report which has gaps in the links (of narrators) is a reason for its rejection.” All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 52. Further categorization of “AHAD” hadith on the basis of number of Chains. Mash-hur Aziz (well-known) (strong) (rare) Narrated by way of 3 chains Narrated by way of 2 chains Narrated by way of a single chains CAN BE CONSIDERED FOR FURTHER CATERGORIZATION CAN BE CONSIDERED FOR FURTHER CATERGORIZATION BASED ON ISNAD USUALLY THIS CATEGORY IS REJECTED All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) Gharib 52
  • 53. Al-‘ilm al-Jarh wa al-Ta’dil (The knowledge of invalidating and declaring reliable of Hadith) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 54. Checking upon the “ISNAD” (chain of narrators) Checking upon the “MATN” (the text) Checking the integrity of the “RAWI” (the narrators) 54 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 55. Detailed account of every narrators (SAHABI, TABI’IN, TABI’-TABI’IN), compiled and verified. Their strength and weakness subjected to scrutiny Grading them according grades of reliability (‘Adl, Tsiqa, Saduq, Saduq yahim, Maqbul, Layyin) Even those unreliable were identified (Majhul, Muttaham bil-kadzib, Kadzaab) 55 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 56. Ahadith which are “MASH-HUR” or “AZIZ “ Maqbul Mardud (Accepted) ( Rejected ) Shahih Authentic Hassan Good Dho’if Weak Maudhu’ Fabrication 56 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 57. Due to defects of the narrator. Due to discontinuity in the chain. Due to incidental reasons. 57 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 58. Continuity of the chain Integrity of the transmitter (narrator) Soundness of narrator’s memory Conformity to stronger sources Absence of hidden defects 58 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 59. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 60. Not contrary to Qur’an & authentic Ahadith Not illogical, against common law Not out of proportion Not containing too much detail on prophecy Not contrary to the position of the Prophet (pbuh) Personal praise or condemnation of any Companions, tribes or places is suspect. 60 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 61. THESE WERE COMPILED AFTER IMAM ASH-SHAFI’IE PERIOD As- S a h i h - Imam Bukhary Al-Musnad as- S a h i h Sunan - - Imam Muslim Imam Abu Dawud Sunan al-Mujtaba - Imam An-Nasa-’i Sunan - Imam At-Tirmidzi Sunan - Imam Ibnu Majah 61 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 62. AL-MUWATHA’ - Imam Malik ibn Anas AL-MUSNAD - Imam Abu Hanifa AL-MUSNAD - Imam As-Shafi’-ie AL-MUSNAD - Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal AL-MUSNAD - Imam At-Tabraniy AL-MUSNAD - Imam Al-Hakim AS-SUNAN - Imam Baihaqy AS-SUNAN - Imam Ad-Darimy …. Etc. 62 All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 63. ? ING ND S TA R NDE U OS E WH Extracted from: PREVIOUS INTERMEDIATE MODULE All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) ) “INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FIQH ” Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adults conducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail
  • 64. TEXT AND MANUAL ARE MERELY INFORMATION All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) ) THIS LIST IS NOT EXHAUSTIVE, ONLY BASED ON MY VERY LIMITED EXPOSURE AND STUDY
  • 65. Traditionally in this kind of session using Ahadith manual, the teacher must be a FAQIH, because religious ruling is not merely based upon Ahadith alone. Muhadith preserves the Ahadith of Prophet s.a.a.w, whereas a Faqih is the one who extracts the rules of Deen of Allah SWT from Qur’an, Ahadith and other principles (of Fiqh). Thus, in practice, the FAQIH ought to be followed. Students must refrain from passing ruling from mere reading of these Hadith, without referring also to one who is a FAQIH. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 66. This is because a FAQIH (jurist) possess a basic understanding of the various sciences of Hadith as well gathers abstracts of common meanings from them; the ability to explain the apparent contradictions that are found in the Ahadith and untie their knots; also deep understanding of the Qur’an and its Tafsir and related sciences, well versed in the various sciences of the Arabic language as well as possesses the knowledge of the statements of the Sahabah r.a., with comprehensive understanding of the principles of analogy (Qiyas). All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 67. It is for this reason that Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah rhm.a. an illustrious scholar of Hadith, used to say: “(Muslim’s) submitting to the Fuqaha (expert opinions), is safety in (his following) the Deen (religion of Islam)”. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 68. He, Sufyan ibn ‘Uyaynah rhm.a. also used to say: “The Hadith can lead (ignorant people) astray except (when explained by) the FUQAHA (jurists)”. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 69. A man came to the famous (Muhaddith), Zuhair ibn Mu’awiyah (to learn). He asked him: “Where do you come from?” (i.e. where were you learning previously). The man replied: “from Abu Hanifah (Faqih)”. Imam Zuhair remarked:“Your going to Abu Hanifah for one day is more beneficial for you than staying with me for one month”. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 70. Imam A’mash rhm. when meeting with Imam Abu Hanifah r.a. was astonished at his response and comment to one Hadith which he just conveyed to Imam Abu Hanifah till he exclaimed: “Enough! You wish to narrate to me in one moment what I narrated to you in 100 days. I was not aware that you have practical application to all these Ahadith. (Then he said:) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 71. Imam A’mash rhm. when meeting with Imam Abu Hanifah r.a. was astonished at his response and comment to one Hadith which he just conveyed to Imam Abu Hanifah till he exclaimed: “O Fuqaha (jurists)! You are the physicians (doctors )and we (Muhaddithin – scholars of Hadith) are (only) the dispensers (pharmacists).” All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 72. Muhammad ibn ‘Abdullah ibn Al-Hakam was asked: “Who is a Faqih? “ He replied: “That person who extracts one principle from the Qur’an or As-Sunnah in which he was not preceded by anyone, then divides that principle into one hundred branches”. The person asked: Who is it that has such ability? In reply he said: “Muhammad ibn Idris Ash-Shafi-’ie (r.a.)”. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 73. Those reading-circle using Ahadith manual in our community following the SHAFI’IE school, actually has the purpose to revise (and even memorising) the Hadith, as well as gaining blessings especially when the manual is read by those possessing ISNAD link. It is thus primarily meant for one to improve one’s knowledge of Hadith, not necessarily FIQH, because Imam Ash-Shafi-’ie prioritized the knowledge of Hadith over the dominance of Ra-’iy (juristic reasoning) in equipping our scholars of FIQH. But as to the learning FIQH itself, one must require a qualified teacher of FIQH. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 74. This clarification is to dispel the notion – especially to those who are new, merely learning and quoting a Hadith itself (although one of prerequisite), this is not sufficient for pronouncing a FIQH ruling. Scholars specializing only in Hadith (MUHADDITH) must comply with the ADAB of not usurping the place of those who are the FAQIH. It is most unfortunate that some Hadith manuals compiled by people like Imam An-Nawawi, is being ‘used’ to incite people to become ‘non-Madzhabi ’ while Imam An-Nawawi himself followed a Madzhab and even has a manual on FIQH of the SHAFI’IE MADZHAB. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 75. In his Manaqib al-Imam al-Shafi'i, Imam Taqiuddin al-Subki mentions from al-Bayhaqi, a narration from al-Imam al-Shafi'i, that he said: "That which is innovated in the religion are of two types: The first, that which is innovated or the Sunnah, or a narration and contradicts the Book or consensus this is the innovation of misguidance . All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) ) and
  • 76. And the second, that which is innovated “ “ from that which is regarded as good, and does not differ from these, then this innovation “ “ is not reprehensible “ “. Umar ibn al-Khattab, radiya'Allahu anhu, said of the standing [in prayer] in the month of Ramadan [i.e. Tarawih] : "A good innovation, this is “ was innovated “ “ meaning, though it “ (without prior existence), yet there was nothing (about it that is) contradicting that which came before/the aforementioned “ All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) ) "
  • 77. So we see clearly that al-Imam al-Shafi'i mentions that the innovation of misguidance [al-bid'atu al-Dalalah] as mentioned in the Hadith only refers to that which contradicts the Book and the Sunnah, or a narration, or Ijma'. * In this instance the Prophet s.a.a.w. chose to call the innovations in general terms as “ “ and not “ .“ So should one dislike the term "good bid'ah" [bid'ah hasanah], arguing that all bid'ah is misguidance by definition, then it may simply be argued that this is not “ “ but “ under that umbrella of “ “, and therefore does not fall “. * Not due to absence of examples, but because of it opposing the accepted teachings. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) )
  • 78. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 79. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 80. “Those who shall follow the [last] Messenger, the unlettered Prophet whom they shall find described in the Torah that is with them, and [later on] in the Gospel: [the Prophet] who will enjoin upon them the doing of what is right and forbid them the doing of what is wrong, and make lawful to them the good things of life and forbid them the bad things, and lift from them their burdens and the shackles that were upon them [aforetime]. Those, therefore, who shall believe in him, and honour him, and succour him, and follow the light that has been bestowed from on high through him-it is they that shall attain to a happy state.“ (Qur’an: A’-raf: 7: 157) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 81.  What is our aim in life?  If we say we love the Prophet s.a.w. wouldn’t we regard his cause to be most the cherished and dearest to us. The Shahabah (companions of the Prophet s.a.w.) often would respond to the Prophet s.a.w. with a phrase “May my parents (i.e. I would rather that they) be sacrificed in your place, O Messenger of Allah !”  Many of us may have forgotten our primary purpose in life. Frankly, when we pose the question: “what is your ambition, your primary goal; the motivation; your most important ‘calling’ in life?”, what would be the response? All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 82.  Our life’s goal; our systems of value; likes and dislikes; our potentials and gifts, be they physical, material, intellectual, political and spiritual etc. are they orientated and being channelled towards living up to our claim of being the helpers of Allah and His Messenger s.a.w.?  Allah teaches and commands us: All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 83.  Our life’s goal; our systems of value; likes and dislikes; our potentials and gifts, be they physical, material, intellectual, political and spiritual etc. are they orientated and being channelled towards living up to our claim of being the helpers of Allah and His Messenger s.a.w.?  Allah teaches and commands us: “O YOU who have attained to faith! Be helpers [in the cause of Allah - even as Jesus, the son of Mary, said unto the white-garbed ones, "Who will be my helpers in Allah's cause?" - whereupon the white-garbed [disciples] replied, "We shall be [thy] helpers [in the cause] of Allah!" (Qur’an: Saff: 61: 14) All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 84. THE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRUE SUCCESSFUL MUSLIMS  “enjoin the doing of what is right and forbid the doing of what is wrong”;  “make lawful the good things of life and forbid them the bad things”;  “lift burdens and the shackles that were upon them [aforetime]”;  “who believe in him, and honour him, and succour (help) him, and follow the light that has been bestowed from on high through him.” WaAllaahu a’-lam All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 85. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 86. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 87. "Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred. Our Lord, and lay not upon us a burden like that which You laid upon those before us. Our Lord, and burden us not with that which we have no ability to bear. And pardon us; and forgive us; and have mercy upon us. You are our protector, so give us victory over the disbelieving people." All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 88. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 89. “O Allah, make my speech be guidance, inspire me with reverential fear, give me success in that which is most pure, and employ me in what is most pleasing to Thee! O Allah, let me tread the most exemplary path and make me live and die in Thy creed! O Allah, bless Muhammad and his Household, give me to enjoy moderation, make me into one of the people of right behaviour, the proofs of right conduct, and the servants of righteousness," All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 90. O Allah! Make faith (iiman) dear to us and beautify it in our hearts and make disbelief (Kufr), sinning (Fusuq) and rebelliousness (`isyan) hateful to us, and make us among the rightly guided ( Raa-shi-duun). All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 91. O Allah! Allow us to die as Muslims, live as Muslims and join us with the ranks of the righteous ones, without tasting humiliation or turmoil. All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 92. ‘And (may Allah send) salutations and prayers upon Muhammad and upon the household and companions of Muhammad (the pure ones of his family and all the loyal followers). All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 93. “Glory to thy Lord the Lord, of Honour and Power! (He is free) from what they ascribe (to Him)! And Peace on the Messengers! And praise to Allah, the Lord and Cherisher of the Worlds.” All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013)
  • 94. All welcome to visit my web-blog: http://an-naseehah.blogspot.com/ http://introductiontotauhid.blogspot.com/ http://oyoubelievers.blogspot.com/ http://al-amthaal.blogspot.com/ http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/ http://criteriaforaholybook-quran.blogspot.com/ http://with-the-truthful.blogspot.com/ http ://muqaddam-nurul.blogspot.com/ All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail (2013) 94