Extremismpresentation

Religious Extremism, Institutions, and Income: Theory and Evidence ESHIA June,2007 Michael Makowsky H.B. Earhart Fellow Center for the Economic Study of Religion Department of Economics George Mason University

Extremism, Religious or Otherwise ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Extremist Groups and Violence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Why Can Groups Demand Sacrifice? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sacrifice And Stigma Model ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Quick Version High Beta= Happy with one or the other Low Beta= Need a combination of both

The Functions (key on social interactions)

An Agent-Based Model of a Religious Economy (Built with the lovely MASON java library) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Max( U )

MARS – S&S ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Extremism as a Percent of the Population Income Substitutability

Empirical Connections – Krueger and Maleckova 2003 ,[object Object],[object Object]

Regression Analysis of the Model Quantile Regression Estimates: Fraction Log Full Income Dedicated to Club Production Standard errors in parentheses, all coefficients significant at 0.1% level 52272 52272 52272 52272 52272 N (0.014) (0.032) (0.014) (0.022) (0.001) 1.519 1.173 -2.543 -4.959 -9.12 Constant (0.013) (0.032) (0.017) (0.040) (0.002) 1.928 0.184 -3.539 -5.940 -8.478 Log Substitutability (β) (0.003) (0.007) (0.004) (0.007) (0.000) -0.519 -0.961 -0.817 -0.828 -0.250 Log Full Income 90% 75% 50% 25% 10% Quantile

ISSP 1998 + Bootstrap Quantile Regression Religion - Work Ratio 5106 5106 5106 5106 5106 5106 5106 N -6.557 (2.344)** -13.362 (3.208)** -34.246 (5.667)** -29.100 (2.630)** -19.814 (4.092)** -7.041 (2.764)* 15.677 (3.762)** Constant 0.450 (0.140)** 0.921 (0.210)** 2.076 (0.338)** 1.640 (0.140)** 1.035 (0.248)** -0.104 (0.182) -1.486 (0.231)** Muslim 0.332 (0.153)* 1.119 (0.260)** 2.641 (0.223)** 2.475 (0.164)** 1.712 (0.336)** 0.681 (0.100)** -1.092 (0.318)** State Religion -1.025 (0.210)** -0.824 (0.309)** -2.460 (0.694)** -1.554 (0.240)** -1.092 (0.329)** 0.239 (0.446) 1.994 (0.205)** Religious Regulation -0.318 (0.034)** -0.238 (0.041)** -0.348 (0.048)** -0.342 (0.064)** -0.338 (0.068)** -0.000 (0.000) -0.000 (0.000) Earnings 0.376 (0.335) -3.337 (0.641)** 0.210 (1.181) 0.269 (0.433) -0.266 (0.433) -0.375 (0.576) -2.450 (0.331)** Economic Freedom 2.290 (0.623)** 5.660 (1.243)** 12.701 (1.490)** 11.096 (0.814)** 6.071 (1.233)** -0.448 (0.892) -6.618 (1.048)** Civil Liberties 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30%

Policy Test (continued) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Rest are just Appendices ,[object Object]

Experiment Parameterization ,[object Object],[object Object],1 (prices of good) p S, p R 60 (number of Groups) G 0.3 b 0.7 a 0.3 α 1.25 s 1 b s , b k Value Related Function Parameter

Nash starting condition ,[object Object],[object Object],R j R i R i =R j

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