2. 1774-1783 By 1774 each colony had established a Provincial Congress, or an equivalent governmental institution, to form individual self-governing states. In 1775 the British responded by sending combat troops to re-impose direct rule through representatives. The new states joined together at first to defend their respective self-governance and manage the armed conflict against the British known as the American Revolutionary War. In July 1776, the states collectively determined that the British monarchy, by acts of tyranny could no longer legitimately claim their allegiance. They then severed ties with the British Empire.
3. Founding Fathers of the United States…. The Founding Fathers of the United States were the political leaders who signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776 or otherwise took part in the American Revolution in winning American independence from Great Britain. In 1787-1788 the United States Constitution was adopted. Most historians define the "Founding Fathers" to mean a larger group, including not only the Signers and the Framers but also all those who, whether as politicians or jurists or statesmen or soldiers or diplomats or ordinary citizens.
4. Finance Britain's war against the Americans, French and Spanish cost about 100 million. The Treasury borrowed 40% of the money it needed Heavy spending brought France to the verge of bankruptcy and revolutionwhile the British had relatively little difficulty financing their war, keeping their suppliers and soldiers paid, and hiring tens of thousands of German soldiers. Britain had a sophisticated financial system based on the wealth of thousands of landowners, who supported the government. Beginning in 1777, Congress repeatedly asked the states to provide money. But the states had no system of taxation either, and were little help. By 1780 Congress was making requisitions for specific supplies of corn, beef, pork and other necessities -- an inefficient system that kept the army barely alife. Starting in 1776, the Congress sought to raise money by loans from wealthy individuals, promising to redeem the bonds after the war.
5. Origins……………. The American revolutionary era began in 1763, after a series of victories by British forces at the conclusion of the French and Indian War. The American Revolution was predicated by a number of ideas and events that, combined, led to a political and social separation of colonial possessions from the home nation and a coalescing of those former individual colonies into an independent nation. The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which thirteen colonies in North America joined together to break free from the British Empirecombining to become the United States of America. The American Revolution was the result of a series of social, political, and intellectual transformations in early American society and government, collectively referred to as the American Enlightenment.
