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CONTEMPORARY AFRICAN WRITERS
BY: RUEL L. MONTEFOLKA
In a continent as ethnically and culturally diverse as Africa, it
comes as no surprise that the literature that has emerged
from it be equally diverse and multifaceted. Dealing with a
range of social and cultural issues, from women’s rights and
feminism to post-war and post-colonial identity, here are
some of Africa’s best contemporary writers.
CHINUA ACHEBE
One of the world’s most widely
recognized and praised writers, Chinua
Achebe wrote some of the most
extraordinary works of the 20th
century. His most famous
novel, Things Fall Apart (1958), is a
devastating depiction of the clash
between traditional tribal values and
the effects of colonial rule, as well as
the tension between masculinity and
femininity in highly patriarchal
societies. Achebe is also a noted
literary critic, particularly known for
his passionate critique of Joseph
Conrad’s Heart of Darkness (1899), in
which he accuses the popular novel of
rampant racism through its othering of
the African continent and its people.
LOVE CYCLE
(A Poem) by Chinua Achebe
Posted on 2013/25/04 by sueddie
At dawn slowly
the sun withdraws his
long misty arms of
embrace. Happy lovers
whose exertions leave
no aftertaste nor slush
of love’s combustion; Earth
perfumed in dewdrop
fragrance wakes
to whispers of
soft-eyed light…
Later he will wear out his
temper
ploughing the vast acres
of heaven and take it
out of her in burning
darts of anger. Long
accustomed to such caprice
she waits patiently
for evening when thoughts
of another night will
restore his mellowness
and her power
over him.
(From Beware Soul Brother and Other Poems – 1971. Published in the
United States of America as Christmas in Biafra and other Poems -
1971)
RIVER OF VOICES
I saw
the rays of the sun
beaming,
as I watched
by the riverside.
I saw
the drops of rain
splashing,
as I watched
by the riverside,
and I saw
the rays of the sun
kissing the raindrops,
as I watched
by the riverside.
I saw
colours of the rainbow
in the sky
rising,
as I watched
by the riverside.
But I saw no reflection
of these colours on the rippling
river –
as I wondered
by the riverside
Throwing a probing stone,
I see ripples –
ripples of voices rising on the
river –
Clamouring,
troubled tides rushing to my feet,
as I waited
by the riverside – disillusioned.
(“River of Voices“ selected from Colourless
Rainbow, Coast2Coast, Lagos, p. 104)
Related articles
• STUBBORN SOUL (A POEM) by Kator
Hule (sueddie.wordpress.com)
• Celebrating a Literary Giant: Rest In Peace, Chinua
Achebe! (wholewomannetwork.org)
• Prof Chinua Achebe is dead (vanguardngr.com)
• River of Voices (for Chinua
Achebe) (senatorihenyen.wordpress.com)
• Senator Ihenyen: Chinua Achebe Died
Unfulfilled (senatorihenyen.wordpress.com)
• Chinua Achebe: “If you don’t like someone’s story,
write your own.” (rave2.wordpress.com)
CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE
Born in Nigeria in 1977, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie is part of a new
generation of African writers taking the literary world by storm. Adichie’s
works are primarily character-driven, interweaving the background of her
native Nigeria and social and political events into the narrative. Her novel
Purple Hibiscus (2003) is a bildungsroman, depicting the life experience of
Kambili and her family during a military coup, while her latest
work Americanah (2013) is an insightful portrayal of Nigerian immigrant life
and race relations in America and the western world. Adichie’s works have
been met with overwhelming praise and have been nominated for and won
numerous awards, including the Orange Prize and Booker Prize.
AYI KWEI ARMAH
Ayi Kwei Armah’s novels are
known for their intense, powerful
depictions of political devastation
and social frustration in Armah’s
native Ghana, told from the point
of view of the individual. His
works were greatly influenced by
French existential philosophers,
such as Jean Paul Sartre and
Albert Camus, and as such hold
themes of despair, disillusionment
and irrationality. His most famous
work, The Beautyful Ones Are Not
Yet Born (1968) centers around an
unnamed protagonist who
attempts to understand his self
and his country in the wake of
post-independence.
MARIAMA BÂ
One of Africa’s most influential women
authors, Mariama Bâ is known for her
powerful feminist texts, which address
the issues of gender inequality in her
native Senegal and wider Africa. Bâ
herself experienced many of the
prejudices facing women: she struggled
for an education against her traditional
grandparents, and was left to look after
her nine children after divorcing a
prominent politician. Her anger and
frustration at the patriarchal structures
which defined her life spill over into her
literature: her novel So Long A
Letter (1981) depicts, simultaneously,
its protagonist’s strength and
powerlessness within marriage and
wider society.
1. “Friendship has splendors that love knows not. It
grows stronger when crossed, whereas obstacles kill
love. Friendship resists time, which wearies and
severs couples. It has heights unknown to love.”
― Mariama Bâ, So Long a Letter
2. “The flavour of life is love. The salt of life is also
love.”
― Mariama Bâ, So Long a Letter
3. “In a word, a man's success depends on feminine
support.” ― Mariama Bâ, So Long a Letter
4. “A woman must marry the man who loves her, but
never the one she loves; that is the secret of lasting
happiness.” ― Mariama Bâ
NURUDDIN FARAH
Born in Somalia in 1945,
Nuruddin Farah has written
numerous plays, novels and short
stories, all of which revolve
around his experiences of his
native country. The title of his
first novel From a Crooked
Rib (1970) stems from a Somalian
proverb “God created woman
from a crooked rib, and anyone
who trieth to straighten it,
breaketh it”, and is a
commentary on the sufferings of
women in Somalian society
through the narrative of a young
woman trapped in an unhappy
marriage. His subsequent works
feature similar social criticism,
dealing with themes of war and
post-colonial identity.
AMINATTA FORNA
Born in Glasgow but raised in Sierra
Leone, Aminatta Forna first drew
attention for her memoir The Devil
That Danced on Water (2003), an
extraordinarily brave account of
her family’s experiences living in
war-torn Sierra Leone, and in
particular her father’s tragic fate as
a political dissident. Forna has gone
on to write several novels, each of
them critically acclaimed: her
work The Memory of Love (2010)
juxtaposes personal stories of love
and loss within the wider context
of the devastation of the Sierre
Leone civil war, and was nominated
for the Orange Prize for Fiction.
NADINE GORDIMER
One of the apartheid era’s most
prolific writers, Nadine Gordimer’s
works powerfully explore social,
moral, and racial issues in a South
Africa under apartheid rule. Despite
winning a Nobel Prize in Literature for
her prodigious skills in portraying a
society interwoven with racial
tensions, Gordimer’s most famous
and controversial works were banned
from South Africa for daring to speak
out against the oppressive
governmental structures of the time.
Her novel Burger’s Daughter follows
the struggles of a group of anti-
apartheid activists, and was read in
secret by Nelson Mandela during his
time on Robben Island.
ALAIN MABANCKOU
Originating from the Republic of Congo, Alain Mabanckou’s works are
written primarily in French, and are well known for their biting wit, sharp
satire and insightful social commentary into both Africa and African
immigrants in France. His novels are strikingly character-focused, often
featuring ensemble casts of figures, such as his book Broken Glass, which
focuses on a former Congolese teacher and his interactions with the locals
in the bar he frequents, or his novel Black Bazar, which details the
experiences of various African immigrants in an Afro-Cuban bar in Paris.
Sunday, 12 February 2017
THERE IS NOTHING WORSE
Alain Mabanckou
there is nothing worse
than the grief of black-rhun palms
the sleep of swamps
the silence of passerines
there is nothing worse
than the gossiping
of red ants
the confabs of praying mantis
eyes of agate
in dark lairs
the sky overcast with folded cloth
god turns his back on us how can one read
the tables of the law
translate the omens
of night
for everything was written
Alain Mabanckou (born 1966) Republic of Congo
Translated by Patrick Williamson
Source: Rain Poems of London
BEN OKRI
Ben Okri’s childhood was divided
between England and time in his
native Nigeria. His young
experience greatly informed his
future writing: his first, highly
acclaimed novels Flowers and
Shadows (1980) and The
Landscapes Within (1981) were
reflections on the devastation of
the Nigerian civil war which Okri
himself observed firsthand. His
later novels met with equal
praise: The Famished Road (1991),
which tells the story of Azaro, a
spirit child, is a fascinating blend
of realism and depictions of the
spirit world, and won the Booker
Prize.
The Awakening Age
Ben Okri
Living is a Fire
Living is a cross
That any one of the rock-faces
Comprehends.
We are drawn
To many seas.
We drown wholesomely
In the failures of confrontation.
The rain
Drenching
Our doorsteps
Has nothing to do
With the simplest desires
And lacerations
We bring
To the smallest acts
Of living.
The child
On the broken catwalk
Hearing the sounds of our hunger
Without understanding
Throws echoes back
To the earliest abandonments
Of love.
Minor devastations preceding
Horror
Resonate the ineffable.
The mothers that wake
At the slightest sound
And the fathers that
Smoke all night
And the rest of us who are
Vigilantes from the demons
Of oppressed sleep
Find at dawn the clearest
Images of bewilderment.
Even the best things
Collapse beneath the weight
Of ignorance.
Living is a fire
That any one of the wave-lashes
Comprehends.
___
Source:
http://www.universeofpoetry.org/nigeria.shtml
NGUGI WA THIONG’O
Ngugi wa Thiong’o is one of
Africa’s most important and
influential postcolonial writers. He
began his writing career with
novels written in English, which
nevertheless revolved around
postcolonial themes of the
individual and the community in
Africa versus colonial powers and
cultures. Wa Thiong’o was
imprisoned without trial for over a
year by the government for the
staging of a politically
controversial play; after his
release, he committed to writing
works only in his native Gikuyi and
Swahili, citing language as a key
tool for decolonizing the mindset
and culture of African readers and
writers.
Many people do not know that Jesus did not speak Latin or
English or Hebrew; he spoke Aramaic. But nobody knows
that language. So we're talking about the Bible itself being a
translation of a translation of a translation. And, in reality, it
has affected people's lives in history.
- Ngugi wa Thiong'o
I was wondering why I was put in prison for working in an
African language when I had not been put in prison for
working in English. So really, in prison I started thinking
more seriously about the relation between language and
power.
Ngugi wa Thiong'o
Evaluation:
In ½ sheet of paper. Explain within 100 words the
following quotes.
1. “If you don't understand, ask questions. If you're uncomfortable
about asking questions, say you are uncomfortable about asking
questions and then ask anyway. It's easy to tell when a question is
coming from a good place. Then listen some more. Sometimes
people just want to feel heard. Here's to possibilities of friendship
and connection and understanding.” ― Chimamanda Ngozi
Adichie, Americanah
2. “I think you travel to search and you come back home to find
yourself there.”
― Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
References
1. https://sueddie.wordpress.com/2013/04/25/love-cycle-a-poem-
by-chinua-achebe/
2. https://hellopoetry.com/ben-okri/
3. https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/502766.Mariama_B_
4. http://brucespoems.blogspot.com/2017/02/there-is-nothing-
worse-alain-mabanckou.html
5. http://www.azquotes.com/author/36612-Ngugi_wa_Thiong_o
6. https://www.oldquotes.com/author.php?tag=ng%C5%A9g%C4%A9
+wa+thiong%5C%27o

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Contemporary African Writers with their write-ups

  • 1. CONTEMPORARY AFRICAN WRITERS BY: RUEL L. MONTEFOLKA
  • 2. In a continent as ethnically and culturally diverse as Africa, it comes as no surprise that the literature that has emerged from it be equally diverse and multifaceted. Dealing with a range of social and cultural issues, from women’s rights and feminism to post-war and post-colonial identity, here are some of Africa’s best contemporary writers.
  • 3. CHINUA ACHEBE One of the world’s most widely recognized and praised writers, Chinua Achebe wrote some of the most extraordinary works of the 20th century. His most famous novel, Things Fall Apart (1958), is a devastating depiction of the clash between traditional tribal values and the effects of colonial rule, as well as the tension between masculinity and femininity in highly patriarchal societies. Achebe is also a noted literary critic, particularly known for his passionate critique of Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness (1899), in which he accuses the popular novel of rampant racism through its othering of the African continent and its people.
  • 4. LOVE CYCLE (A Poem) by Chinua Achebe Posted on 2013/25/04 by sueddie At dawn slowly the sun withdraws his long misty arms of embrace. Happy lovers whose exertions leave no aftertaste nor slush of love’s combustion; Earth perfumed in dewdrop fragrance wakes to whispers of soft-eyed light… Later he will wear out his temper ploughing the vast acres of heaven and take it out of her in burning darts of anger. Long accustomed to such caprice she waits patiently for evening when thoughts of another night will restore his mellowness and her power over him. (From Beware Soul Brother and Other Poems – 1971. Published in the United States of America as Christmas in Biafra and other Poems - 1971)
  • 5. RIVER OF VOICES I saw the rays of the sun beaming, as I watched by the riverside. I saw the drops of rain splashing, as I watched by the riverside, and I saw the rays of the sun kissing the raindrops, as I watched by the riverside. I saw colours of the rainbow in the sky rising, as I watched by the riverside. But I saw no reflection of these colours on the rippling river – as I wondered by the riverside Throwing a probing stone, I see ripples – ripples of voices rising on the river – Clamouring, troubled tides rushing to my feet, as I waited by the riverside – disillusioned. (“River of Voices“ selected from Colourless Rainbow, Coast2Coast, Lagos, p. 104)
  • 6. Related articles • STUBBORN SOUL (A POEM) by Kator Hule (sueddie.wordpress.com) • Celebrating a Literary Giant: Rest In Peace, Chinua Achebe! (wholewomannetwork.org) • Prof Chinua Achebe is dead (vanguardngr.com) • River of Voices (for Chinua Achebe) (senatorihenyen.wordpress.com) • Senator Ihenyen: Chinua Achebe Died Unfulfilled (senatorihenyen.wordpress.com) • Chinua Achebe: “If you don’t like someone’s story, write your own.” (rave2.wordpress.com)
  • 7. CHIMAMANDA NGOZI ADICHIE Born in Nigeria in 1977, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie is part of a new generation of African writers taking the literary world by storm. Adichie’s works are primarily character-driven, interweaving the background of her native Nigeria and social and political events into the narrative. Her novel Purple Hibiscus (2003) is a bildungsroman, depicting the life experience of Kambili and her family during a military coup, while her latest work Americanah (2013) is an insightful portrayal of Nigerian immigrant life and race relations in America and the western world. Adichie’s works have been met with overwhelming praise and have been nominated for and won numerous awards, including the Orange Prize and Booker Prize.
  • 8.
  • 9. AYI KWEI ARMAH Ayi Kwei Armah’s novels are known for their intense, powerful depictions of political devastation and social frustration in Armah’s native Ghana, told from the point of view of the individual. His works were greatly influenced by French existential philosophers, such as Jean Paul Sartre and Albert Camus, and as such hold themes of despair, disillusionment and irrationality. His most famous work, The Beautyful Ones Are Not Yet Born (1968) centers around an unnamed protagonist who attempts to understand his self and his country in the wake of post-independence.
  • 10.
  • 11. MARIAMA BÂ One of Africa’s most influential women authors, Mariama Bâ is known for her powerful feminist texts, which address the issues of gender inequality in her native Senegal and wider Africa. Bâ herself experienced many of the prejudices facing women: she struggled for an education against her traditional grandparents, and was left to look after her nine children after divorcing a prominent politician. Her anger and frustration at the patriarchal structures which defined her life spill over into her literature: her novel So Long A Letter (1981) depicts, simultaneously, its protagonist’s strength and powerlessness within marriage and wider society.
  • 12. 1. “Friendship has splendors that love knows not. It grows stronger when crossed, whereas obstacles kill love. Friendship resists time, which wearies and severs couples. It has heights unknown to love.” ― Mariama Bâ, So Long a Letter 2. “The flavour of life is love. The salt of life is also love.” ― Mariama Bâ, So Long a Letter 3. “In a word, a man's success depends on feminine support.” ― Mariama Bâ, So Long a Letter 4. “A woman must marry the man who loves her, but never the one she loves; that is the secret of lasting happiness.” ― Mariama Bâ
  • 13. NURUDDIN FARAH Born in Somalia in 1945, Nuruddin Farah has written numerous plays, novels and short stories, all of which revolve around his experiences of his native country. The title of his first novel From a Crooked Rib (1970) stems from a Somalian proverb “God created woman from a crooked rib, and anyone who trieth to straighten it, breaketh it”, and is a commentary on the sufferings of women in Somalian society through the narrative of a young woman trapped in an unhappy marriage. His subsequent works feature similar social criticism, dealing with themes of war and post-colonial identity.
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  • 15. AMINATTA FORNA Born in Glasgow but raised in Sierra Leone, Aminatta Forna first drew attention for her memoir The Devil That Danced on Water (2003), an extraordinarily brave account of her family’s experiences living in war-torn Sierra Leone, and in particular her father’s tragic fate as a political dissident. Forna has gone on to write several novels, each of them critically acclaimed: her work The Memory of Love (2010) juxtaposes personal stories of love and loss within the wider context of the devastation of the Sierre Leone civil war, and was nominated for the Orange Prize for Fiction.
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  • 17. NADINE GORDIMER One of the apartheid era’s most prolific writers, Nadine Gordimer’s works powerfully explore social, moral, and racial issues in a South Africa under apartheid rule. Despite winning a Nobel Prize in Literature for her prodigious skills in portraying a society interwoven with racial tensions, Gordimer’s most famous and controversial works were banned from South Africa for daring to speak out against the oppressive governmental structures of the time. Her novel Burger’s Daughter follows the struggles of a group of anti- apartheid activists, and was read in secret by Nelson Mandela during his time on Robben Island.
  • 18.
  • 19. ALAIN MABANCKOU Originating from the Republic of Congo, Alain Mabanckou’s works are written primarily in French, and are well known for their biting wit, sharp satire and insightful social commentary into both Africa and African immigrants in France. His novels are strikingly character-focused, often featuring ensemble casts of figures, such as his book Broken Glass, which focuses on a former Congolese teacher and his interactions with the locals in the bar he frequents, or his novel Black Bazar, which details the experiences of various African immigrants in an Afro-Cuban bar in Paris.
  • 20. Sunday, 12 February 2017 THERE IS NOTHING WORSE Alain Mabanckou there is nothing worse than the grief of black-rhun palms the sleep of swamps the silence of passerines there is nothing worse than the gossiping of red ants the confabs of praying mantis eyes of agate in dark lairs the sky overcast with folded cloth god turns his back on us how can one read the tables of the law translate the omens of night for everything was written Alain Mabanckou (born 1966) Republic of Congo Translated by Patrick Williamson Source: Rain Poems of London
  • 21. BEN OKRI Ben Okri’s childhood was divided between England and time in his native Nigeria. His young experience greatly informed his future writing: his first, highly acclaimed novels Flowers and Shadows (1980) and The Landscapes Within (1981) were reflections on the devastation of the Nigerian civil war which Okri himself observed firsthand. His later novels met with equal praise: The Famished Road (1991), which tells the story of Azaro, a spirit child, is a fascinating blend of realism and depictions of the spirit world, and won the Booker Prize.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24. The Awakening Age Ben Okri Living is a Fire Living is a cross That any one of the rock-faces Comprehends. We are drawn To many seas. We drown wholesomely In the failures of confrontation. The rain Drenching Our doorsteps Has nothing to do With the simplest desires And lacerations We bring To the smallest acts Of living. The child On the broken catwalk Hearing the sounds of our hunger Without understanding Throws echoes back To the earliest abandonments Of love. Minor devastations preceding Horror Resonate the ineffable. The mothers that wake At the slightest sound And the fathers that Smoke all night And the rest of us who are Vigilantes from the demons Of oppressed sleep Find at dawn the clearest Images of bewilderment. Even the best things Collapse beneath the weight Of ignorance. Living is a fire That any one of the wave-lashes Comprehends. ___ Source: http://www.universeofpoetry.org/nigeria.shtml
  • 25. NGUGI WA THIONG’O Ngugi wa Thiong’o is one of Africa’s most important and influential postcolonial writers. He began his writing career with novels written in English, which nevertheless revolved around postcolonial themes of the individual and the community in Africa versus colonial powers and cultures. Wa Thiong’o was imprisoned without trial for over a year by the government for the staging of a politically controversial play; after his release, he committed to writing works only in his native Gikuyi and Swahili, citing language as a key tool for decolonizing the mindset and culture of African readers and writers.
  • 26.
  • 27. Many people do not know that Jesus did not speak Latin or English or Hebrew; he spoke Aramaic. But nobody knows that language. So we're talking about the Bible itself being a translation of a translation of a translation. And, in reality, it has affected people's lives in history. - Ngugi wa Thiong'o I was wondering why I was put in prison for working in an African language when I had not been put in prison for working in English. So really, in prison I started thinking more seriously about the relation between language and power. Ngugi wa Thiong'o
  • 28. Evaluation: In ½ sheet of paper. Explain within 100 words the following quotes. 1. “If you don't understand, ask questions. If you're uncomfortable about asking questions, say you are uncomfortable about asking questions and then ask anyway. It's easy to tell when a question is coming from a good place. Then listen some more. Sometimes people just want to feel heard. Here's to possibilities of friendship and connection and understanding.” ― Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Americanah 2. “I think you travel to search and you come back home to find yourself there.” ― Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie
  • 29. References 1. https://sueddie.wordpress.com/2013/04/25/love-cycle-a-poem- by-chinua-achebe/ 2. https://hellopoetry.com/ben-okri/ 3. https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/502766.Mariama_B_ 4. http://brucespoems.blogspot.com/2017/02/there-is-nothing- worse-alain-mabanckou.html 5. http://www.azquotes.com/author/36612-Ngugi_wa_Thiong_o 6. https://www.oldquotes.com/author.php?tag=ng%C5%A9g%C4%A9 +wa+thiong%5C%27o

Editor's Notes

  1. This poem, River of Voices, was written sometime in 2005. Published in my collection of poetry, Colourless Rainbow, I wish to dedicate it to the Father of modern African literature, Late Chinua Achebe, who to my delight, was also a poet himself. I have specially dedicated this poem to him because having died unfulfilled as a Nigerian citizen, the eventual disillusion expressed in River of Voices seem to portray the picture of that feeling of unfulfillment on his part. I hope you will find it engaging!