Surrealism began in the 1920s as a cultural movement encompassing various art forms including painting, sculpture, music and film. It aimed to depict the unconscious mind and what lies beyond realism according to writer Guillaume Apollinaire. Salvador Dali described it as the symbolic language of the subconscious. Some surrealist art techniques included collage, decalcomania, and frottage. Prominent surrealist artists were Joan Miro, Max Ernst, and Salvador Dali, whose photography with Philippe Halsman required 26 attempts to capture. Surrealism continues to influence various creative fields like web design today.