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Introduction to docker
- 1. Introduction to Docker Bas Tichelaar
- 3. Server
- 4. Server OS
- 13. Virtualisation pros • Better resource utilisation • Strong isolation between VM’s • Automation and orchestration • Live migration, high availability
- 14. Virtualisation cons • Each VM contains overhead • OS, SSH, logging, monitoring • Starting a VM takes minutes • Overhead compared to bare metal still high • Especially I/O
- 15. Containers
- 16. Container vs VM Server Hypervisor VM Guest OS App Host OS Server Container App Host OS
- 17. Nothing new • *BSD jails (2000) • Solaris zones (2004) • Linux LXC (2006) • Google lmctfy (2013)
- 18. Container pros • Faster lifecycle compared to VM’s • Almost no overhead • Smaller size • Starts instantly
- 19. Container cons • Complex to configure • Security isolation not as good as VM’s • Must run on Linux, Solaris or *BSD
- 21. Docker • Container management for Linux • Abstraction for DevOps workflow • Adds images, image repository and version control to containers
- 22. Docker by numbers • 60 400+ million downloads • 40.000 75.000 300.000+ Dockerized applications • 40.000 50.000 third party projects on Github • $55 $150 million in funding
- 25. Dockerfile FROM stackbrew/ubuntu RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y apache2 && apt-get clean ENV APACHE_RUN_USER www-data ENV APACHE_RUN_GROUP www-data EXPOSE 80 CMD ["/usr/sbin/apache2", "-D", "FOREGROUND"]
- 26. Docker image • Result of ordered actions • Add file • Expose port • Run command • Layered result, like GIT
- 27. Docker image Result FROM ubuntu:12.04 SET ENV … RUN apt-get … CMD /usr/bin/apache2
- 28. Docker Hub • Contains Docker images • Public Registry • Create your own private registry • New: Docker Enterprise Hub
- 29. Creating a Docker image Linux/OSX/Windows Docker client Linux Docker daemon docker build -t apache2 . apache2 Docker image Dockerfile
- 30. Running a Docker container Linux/OSX/Windows Docker client Linux Docker daemon docker run apache2 apache2 container
- 31. Docker innovations • Simplifies container deployment • Reduces complexity of managing containers • Client <-> Server components
- 32. Separation of concerns Developers Inside the container: code libraries package manager app data Operations Outside the container: logging remote access networking monitoring security
- 33. Docker machine machine up Docker host Docker host Docker host
- 34. Docker Swarm Docker client Docker swarm Docker host Docker host Docker host Developer laptop Local datacenter Amazon EC2
- 35. Docker compose containers: web: build: . command: python app.py ports: - "5000:5000" volumes: - .:/code links: - redis environment: - PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1 redis: image: redis:latest command: redis-server --appendonly yes
- 36. Working webapp Linux/OSX/Windows Docker client Linux Docker daemon docker up web redis link port 5000 User
- 37. Docker Hub Enterprise • On premise Docker Hub • Image provenance • Audit logs • System health monitoring
- 38. Example pipeline
- 40. Challenges • Running Docker in production is still hard • Security • Wiring containers together • What runs where?
- 41. The future of Docker • Batteries included but removable • Adoption by cloud providers • Microsoft: Docker on Windows
- 42. –Solomon Hykes, founder of Docker “The real value of Docker is not technology, it’s getting people to agree on something”