1. Topic:
Introduction to Climate change

2.  Welcome to our Climate
change presentation!
We'll be discussing what
is the climate change,
causes of climate change,
the different ways dealing
with climate change.

3. Outline
 Introduction to climate change
 Courses of climate change
 Ways of Dealing with Climate Change
- Adaptation Actions
- Mitigation Actions
 Conclusion
 Our Call to Action

4. BACKGROUND
 Somalia is generally arid and semi-arid with two seasonal rainfall seasons.
Annual mean temperature is close to 30°С throughout the country. Average
monthly temperatures reach their maximum during the months of April
through June.
 Since 1990, Somalia has experienced 31 climate-related hazards; 14 drought, 2
Locust infestation and 15 floods—tripling the number of climate-related
hazards experienced between 1970 and 1990.
 In 2017, a severe drought left Somalia on the verge of famine. A delayed and
erratic 2019 Gu' rainy season resulted in the poorest harvest since the 2011
famine and flooding.
 The country has frequently experienced extreme events like droughts and
floods, and other climate-related hazards.

5. What is the difference between weather and
climate ?
Introduction to Climate Change

6. WEATHER
 Weather refers to conditions like
rain, temperature and wind over
hours to days
 LOOK out the window now. What
is the weather like?
CLIMATE
 Climate refers to average
weather conditions over a long
period of time (5 years, 10 years,
20 years or 30+ years)
 THINK about what the weather
is normally like on your
birthday? - Is it normally dry or
wet / hot or cold?

7. WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF CLIMATE
CHANGE?

8. STRATIFICATION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
• Exosphere 700-10,000km
• Thermosphere 80-700 km
• Mesosphere 50-80 km
• Stratosphere 12-50 km-Ozone (O3)
• Troposphere 0-12 km –water vapour
• All weather activities takes place in the Troposphere

9. THE GREEN HOUSE EFFECT
 Sunlight passes through the atmosphere to
earth
 At earth’s surface it’s reflected back through
the atmosphere to space
 However! After it is reflected, greenhouse
gases can trap heat in the atmosphere
 We call this process the greenhouse effect; as
it is similar to a greenhouse
 Greenhouse gases act like a big blanket
around the earth, trapping heat.

10.  Over the last 100 years, since the industrial
revolution, greenhouse gases have rapidly
increased in the atmosphere
 This is due to human activities which release
greenhouse gases
 Electricity from coal or diesel generators and
industry or pollution from factories contribute
the most.
HUMAN ACTIVITY (2)

11. Green House Gas (GHG)
 The six main GHGs whose emissions are
human-caused are:-
1. Carbondioxide (CO2),
2. Methane (CH4),
3. Nitrous oxide(N2O),
4. Hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs),
5. Perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and
6. Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6).

12. Which of the following greenhouse gases has the biggest
impact on climate change?
1. Watervapour
2. Methane
3. Carbondioxide
4. Nitrous oxide
Question

13. Ways of
Dealing with
Climate
Change

15. Climate change Mitigation
• To reducing the amount of greenhouse gasses in the
atmosphere.
• This involves cutting greenhouse gases from main sources such
as power plants, factories, cars, and farms.
• The Forests, oceans, and soil also absorb and store these gases,
and are an important part of the solution

16. - Put a price on carbon.
- End fossil fuel subsidies.
- Build low-carbon, resilient cities.
- Increase energy efficiency and the use of
renewable energy.
- Implement climate-smart agriculture and
nurture forest landscapes.
What are the five ways to mitigate the effects of
climate change?

17. • To Adjusting the impacts of climate change to reduce the
negative impacts and reduce the effects on lives,
livelihoods and ecosystems
• Adapting to life in a changing climate involves adjusting to
actual or expected future climate.
• The goal is to reduce our vulnerability to the harmful
effects of climate change (like Droughts, Floods, Sea-level,
Storms, Locust fly and food insecurity).
Climate change Adaptation

18. - Erecting buildings and infrastructure that are safer and more sustainable.
- Replanting forests and restoring damaged ecosystems.
- Diversifying crops so that they are better able to adapt to changing
climates.
- Investigating and developing innovative solutions to prevent and manage
natural catastrophes
How to Adapt climate change

19. Climate
chanage
Awareness
Action

20. Our Call to Action
 Early warning systems
 Ecosystem restoration
 Climate-resilient infrastructure
 Water supplies and security
 Long-term planning

21. THANK
YOU
MR. ABDISAMAD H. DEREA
E: shirwac103@gmail.com
Ph: +252-615975145
Mogadishu, Somalia
August, 2023