LTE Planning

LTE Planning
Prepared By: RF Team
AbdelRahman Fady & Mohamed Mohsen

LTE Planning Procedures
• Planning process is a very vital process
we should do it carefully to get good
network performance
• LTE Planning Process consists of three
main steps as below
• Preplanning
• Information Gathering
• Dimensioning
• Detailed planning
• Prediction & Simulation
• TSS
• Code Planning
• Neighbors Planning
• Parameters planning
• Acceptance
• SSV
• KPIs

Information gathering
• Dimensioning Procedures should follow information gathering job about the nature of the
subscriber and the area
• We can divide the gathered information into the following
• Design Information
• Required BLER
• Minimum RSRP
• Limited MCS
• ……. etc.
• Inventory information
• Number of GSM/UMTS sites
• Type of antennas
• MIMO existence
• TMA existence
• …. etc.
• RF features
• Scheduler type
• …… etc.
• Subscriber information
• Mixed services Traffic Model
• Users behaviors
• ….etc.
• Coverage information
• Clutter type
• ….etc.

LTE Dimensioning Concept
Dimensioning Procedures should follow
information gathering job about the nature of
the subscriber and the area
Dimensioning could be divided into two main
steps as following
• Capacity dimensioning
• Coverage dimensioning
Both capacity and coverage dimensioning
process should be balanced
Coverage
Dimensioning
Capacity
Dimensioning
Gathered
Info.
• Cell radius (R)
• Inter site distance (I)
• Number of sites (N)
• Main design info

Dimensioning Procedures should follow
information gathering job about the nature of
the subscriber and the area
Dimensioning could be divided into two main
steps as following
• Capacity dimensioning
• Coverage dimensioning
Both capacity and coverage dimensioning
process should be balanced
N = Total Area / Site Area (A)
A = 1.94 * R^2 … directional antenna or
A = 2.5 * R^2 … omni antenna
D = 1.5 * R

Coverage
Dimensioning
Capacity
Dimensioning
Modify
Get ( R )
Get ( N & D )

Coverage dimensioning
• Coverage Dimensioning Steps
Coverage
Dimensioning
Uplink Link budget
Downlink Link
Budget
Get (MAPL)
Limited one
Get ( R ) , Get ( D ) and
Get ( N)
Subs. In Propagation
Model equation

• Uplink Coverage : considering the uplink is the limitation we will start with it.
• Bit rate requirement
• SINR requirement
a0, a1, a2 and a3 are fitted parameters and the SINR is expressed in dB.
The semi-empirical parameter a0 represents the maximum obtainable bit rate
in one resource block.

• Uplink Coverage
DL Fitted parameters
UL Fitted parameters

• Uplink Coverage
• eNodeB Receiver sensitivity

• Uplink Coverage
• Noise rise calculation

• Uplink Coverage
• Noise rise calculation
• UE power per RB

• Uplink Link Budget
MAPL_Uplink = Pue,rb – eNB_senstivity – penetration loss – body loss – FFM – Noise_rise -
LNF_margine – AS_losses + Ant_gain + another Gains
Log Normal fading

Building penetration Losses

• Car_losses is typically 7 to 8 dB
• Fast Fading margine is typically from 0 to 2 dB
• Body Loss is typically 0 to 5 dB
• AS_losses = Feeder_Loss + Jumber_Loss + connector_losses
• Ant_Gain is typically 18 dB
• Another system gain like MIMO gain or TMA gain

• Downlink Link Budget
MAPL_Downlink = P_RB – LTE-Ue_senstivity – penetration_loss – Car_Losses – IM - body loss –
FFM – LNF_margine – AS_losses + Ant_gain + another system Gains
• P_RB = HPA_Power / Nrb
• Nrb is the number of RB per carrier as explained before
• LTE-Ue_senstivity = Nt + Nf + 10 log (Nrb” * 180KHZ) + SINR
• Nrb” is number of RBs assigned for single subscriber @
cell edge. It should depend on the required throughput at
cell edge.

• How to get SINR_DL….?

• Interference Margin
• Due to using RP = 1 in LTE
@ cell edge we have to
expect level of interference
this level of interference
should be varies with cell
load hence we have to
consider this level of
interference during our
calculations of MAPL

Log Normal fading

Building penetration Losses

• Car_losses is typically 7 to 8 dB
• Fast Fading margine is typically from 0 to 2 dB
• Body Loss is typically 0 to 5 dB
• AS_losses = Feeder_Loss + Jumber_Loss + connector_losses
+ TMA insertion Loss
• Ant_Gain is typically 18 dB
• Another system gain like MIMO gain or Scheduler gain

• Get limited MAPL then substitute in propagation model equation to get R
• Radius calculation ( R )

Capacity Dimensioning
• Target of capacity dimensioning is to get the number of cells / sites we do need to accommodate
the offered traffic.
N = Total Number of users / Number of users per site (Nuser)
Nuser = No# cells / site * Number of users per cell (Ncell)
Ncell = Traffic per cell / traffic per user
Capacity
Dimensioning
Get ( N )

• Target of capacity dimensioning is to get the number of cells / sites we do need to accommodate
the offered traffic.
Capacity
Dimensioning
Uplink Number of
sites
Downlink Number
of Sites
Get (N)
Limited one
Balance to Get final
( R, D & N)
Back with New (N)
to Coverage

• Cell Capacity Calculation
• Cell Capacity calculation
• TCell = Tmax * Q
• Where
• Tmax is the maximum cell throughput
• Q is the maximum cell loading factor
• Tmax = (((Number of bits / symbol) * 144)/ 1 msec ) * Nrb * MIMO_order * (1-
CCH_ratio)
• Where
• Number of bits / symbol = Modulation order * Code rate
• Nrb is the total number of resource block per carrier
• CCH_ratio is the ratio of control channels
• MIMO_order is the degree of MIMO

• Cell Capacity Calculation
• User capacity calculation
BLER
RatioDutySessionTimeSessionbearRatekbitsfficSessionTra


1
1
)(
])*[()(/ ii nRatePenetratiofficSessionTraBHSAkbpsuserroughputBusyHourTh  
Bearer Rate: Required Rate for the service
Session Time: PPP Session Time
Session Duty Ration: what is the percentage of active
transmission per session
BLER: Block Error Rate
BHSA: Busy Hour Session Attempts
Penetration Rate: percentage of service user

Traffic Modeling
Mean Bit Rate (Kbps)
PPP Session
Time (s)
PPP Session
Duty Ratio
BLER
Throughput Per
Session (Kbit)
UL DL UL DL UL DL UL DL UL DL
VoIP 32 32 210 210 0.4 0.4 1% 1% 2715.15 2715.15
Video Phone 64 64 54 54 1 1 1% 1% 3490.91 3490.91
Video
conference
128 192 1800 1800 1 1 1% 1% 232727 349091
Interactive
Gaming
50 64 1800 1800 0.2 0.4 1% 1% 18181.8 46545.5
Streaming
Media
10 300 3600 3600 0.05 0.95 1% 1% 1818.18 1036364
Instant
Messaging
20 20 7 7 0.2 0.2 1% 1% 28.2828 28.2828
Web Browsing 8 256 1800 1800 0.05 0.05 1% 1% 727.273 23272.7
Email 256 256 300 300 1 1 1% 1% 77575.8 77575.8

LTE Planning

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