Ebola virus is one of five known viruses within the genus Ebola virus ( Presented by: Drx SUMIT GUPTA)

3. CONTENTS
Introduction
Structure
Classification
Recent cases of Ebola virus
Mode of transmission
Mechanism of action
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Controlling the spread of Ebola
Conclusion
Reference

4. INTRODUCTION
The Ebola virus is a severe infection often fatal disease in
human and primates. Ebola virus disease ( formally know as
Ebola hemorrhagic fever ) is disease caused by the Ebola virus is
severe fatality rate, 90% affects human and non human primates.
First appeared - 1976 at Nzara in Sudan and at Yambuku in the
democratic republic of Congo near the Ebola river in Africa
Second appeared – 1989 in Reston (Africa)
Third appeared in 2014 West Africa affecting Guinea, Sierra,
Leone, Liberia and Nigeria

5. Reston ebolavirus was first discovered in laboratories in
Reston, United State of America ( USA)
Ebola virus is called as hemorrhagic because bleeding will
occur during the course of illness.
Ebola virus causes bleeding inside and out side the body.
Ebola is a negative RNA virus.
There are different species of the Ebola virus.

6. AFFECT OF EBOLA VIRUS 1976-2014

7. STRUCTURE

8. Genome 19 Kb long.
Diameter 80nm ; length 960 – 1200 nm.
Four viral proteins: polymerase (L), nucleoprotein, and
protein VP 35 AND VP 30.
Spikes formed by GP 1/ GP 2 Complexes
(envelope glycoprotein)
VP 24 (membrane protein) associated with envelope

9. CLASSIFICATION
 Order : Mononegavirales
Enveloped, no segment, negative strand RNA viruses.
 Family : Filoviridae, contain 3 genera:-
• Ebola virus (1976)
• Marburg virus
• Cueva virus
 Genus : Ebola virus, named after the Ebola river
where it was first found.

10. RECENT CASES OF EBOLA VIRUS
August 26, 2014 in DRC
Pregnant woman from Ikanamogo village
Who butchered a bush animal
Because ill with symptoms of EVD
Reported to private clinic in Isaka village
Died on 11 August

11. SEPTEMBER 24, 2014
70 cases reported in DRC
Death cases = 42
There have 68 cases of Ebola Virus reported in DCR
Death cases = 41
Outbreak is unrelated to the current outbreak of
Ebola in West Africa
SEPTEMBER 21,2014
SEPTEMBER 6, 2014
31 more cases of Ebola reported DRC
Increases to 62
Total no. of deaths reported to 35

12. OCTOBER 12, 2014
Total cases = 8997
Laboratory confirmed cases = 5006
Total deaths = 4993
OCTOBER 14 ,2014
On the morning, second healthcare worker reported
to hospital
With low grade fever CDC confirmed-
This worker who tested positive last night travelled
by air on October 13

13. November 10 2014
The dreaded Ebola virus has arrived in India. A 26-year-old Indian
male travelling from Liberia to India was recently diagnosed with
Ebola. He has been kept under isolation to prevent spread of the virus.
When was he diagnosed?
The infected male arrived at New Delhi airport from Liberia on
November 10. He underwent the mandatory screening related to
Ebola at the Delhi Airport. In a statement released by the Union
health ministry, India said that he had recounted being affected by a
febrile illness. He was admitted in a health facility in Liberia on
September 11 and was discharged on September 30.

14. RECENTLY AFFECTED COUNTRIES
Nigeria
Senegal
Liberia
Guinea
Sierra Leone
Spain
USA

15. MODE OF TRANSMISSION
TRANSMISSION
OF EBOLA VIRUS
BODY FLUIDS
OR BLOOD
USE OF
CONTAMINATED
OBJECTS
SEXUAL
CONTACT
WITH
INFECTED
PERSON
Infected
Animals

16. INFECTED
NEEDLES
INFECTED
SYRINGES
EBOLA
VIRUS
Contd…

17. Types of Body Fluids That involves in
transmission of Ebola virus
 BODY FLUIDS
EBOLA
VIRUS
Blood
saliva
sweat

18. MACHANISM OF ACTION :
Every tissue are affected, except bones and muscles.
The virus creates blood clots.
Clots goes towards internal organs ( lungs, Eyeball).
It prevents oxygen to rise tissue
The virus also destroys connective tissue,
( affinity with collagen).

19. EBOLA VIRUS ENTRES INTO THE
HUMAN’S CELL

20. SYMTOMS :
INTIAL SYMPTOMS :
 High temperature ( at least 38.8c)
 Muscle, joint, abdominal pain
 Nausea
 Blood stream slow down
 Loss of appetite
 Rashes
 Increase liver enzyme activity
LATE SYMPTOMS :
Vomiting Diarrhoea
Coughing Pharyngitis
Prostration Severe Vomiting blood
Hemorrhage Low white blood cell count

21.  Antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA)
 Antigen-capture detection tests
 Serum neutralization test
 Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
(RT-PCR) assay
 Electron microscopy
 Virus isolation by cell culture
DIGNOSIS :

22. TREATMENT
 There are no licensed specific treatment.
Patients are Frequently dehydrated and required oral
Rehydration with solution containing electrolyte.
New drug therapies are being evaluated.
However there have been very recent development in
presentations medication.

23. CONTROLLING THE SPREAD OF EBOLA
Hospitals must follow precautionary methods such as :
1. Wearing gloves.
2. Isolating infected individuals.
3. Practicing nurse barrier techniques,
4. Proper sterilization and disposal of all equipment
Burials must be done correctly :
1. No washing or touching carcass.
2. Put into body bags and bury outside city.
Report any questionable illness to officials.

24. CONCLUTION
Ebola virus is extremely virulent.
The infected organism does not have time to react to the
virus.
First symptoms appear during the critical period.
Even though scientists have recently made breakthroughs
there is still need for extensive research to find vaccines and
cures for this deadly virus.

25. REFERENCES :
 www. wikipidea.com
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispage/e
botabl.html.
Hampton, Tracy, Vaccines Against Ebola and Marburg
Viruses show promise in primates studies, Medical News
and Perspectives JAMA, Vol. 294 No. 2 July2005
Jones, Steven live attenuated recombinant vaccine protects
nonhuman primates against Ebola and Marburg viruses,
Nature Medicine, Vol. 11 No. 7 July 2005.