1.
Institute name
Name-
Roll No-
Branch-
Course name-
PRESENTATION
ON
“PLC(Programmable logic controller)”
Institute logo

2.
CONTENTS
 Introduction to PLC
 Problem statement of project
 Project execution
 Hardware components
 PLC programming of project

3.
(Introduction to PLC - Programmable logic controller)
Definition of PLC

4.
Leading Brands of PLC
(Introduction to PLC - Programmable logic controller)

5.
PLC vs Microcontrollers
(Introduction to PLC - Programmable logic controller)
 Extreme Environment
Microcontrollers are not designed with the ruggedness and
ability to withstand extreme conditions like PLCs. This makes
them not ready for industrial applications.
 IEC standard
Industrial sensors and actuators are usually designed
the IEC standard which is usually at a range of current/voltage
interfaces which may not be directly compatible with
microcontrollers and will require some sort of supporting
which increases cost.

6.
(Introduction to PLC - Programmable logic controller)
PLC Programming
The most utilized PLC programming language is ladder logic. It stemmed from the layout of relay logic circuits and
thus provides a familiar layout. Ladder logic is for most beginners to start with PLC programming
Following are the top 5 PLC programming languages :-
1. Ladder Logic
2. Structured text
3. Function block diagrams
4. Sequential function charts
5. Instruction lists

7.
Gx works3 is a software package produced by MITSUBISHI
Electric to program its PLCs. It has good simulation function
needed for plc programming.
Mitsubishi PLCs can be programmed using IEC languages such as the
ladder, sequential function chart (SFC), structured text (ST), and function
block diagram (FBD). In addition, Mitsubishi PLCs that can be
programmed using GXWorks3 include the A-series, Q series, FX series, L
series, and A-series range of PLCs.
Mitsubishi PLC Programming with GXWork3

8.
(Introduction to PLC - Programmable logic controller)
 Communication interface
 Processor module – CPU
 I/O module
 O/P module
 Programming
device
 Power supply
Major components of PLC

9.
 POWER SUPPLY
The power supply provides power for the PLC system.
Common power levels used are 24 VDC or 120 VAC.
 Processor module – CPU
POWER
SUPPLY
It is the brain of PLC & governs the activities of the entire PLC systems.
The various operations performed are :-
Scanning I/O Bus traffic control,
Program Execution,
Peripheral and External device
communication,
Data handling and self diagnostics.
CPU

10.
 INPUT MODULE
 OUTPUT MODULE
Input module interface
directly to devices such as
switches , alarms ,
temperature sensors.
Output module
interface directly to
devices such as
switches , alarms ,
temperature sensors.

11.
 PROGRAMMING DEVICE
 COMMUNICATION INTERFACE
PLC communication interface
mainly adopts serial asynchronous
communication, and its commonly
used serial communication
interface standards include RS-
232C, RS-422A and RS-485.
(RS-
The programming device is used
for programming the PLC and
monitoring/sequencing PLCs
operation.

12.
Advantages of PLC
(Introduction to PLC - Programmable logic controller)
 Faster response
 Easier to troubleshoot
 Remote control capability
 Communication capability
 Increased reliability
 More flexibility

13.
 Initial cost is high.
 Increases unemployment rate.
 Difficulty with displacements
Disadvantages of PLC
(Introduction to PLC - Programmable logic controller)

14.
Application of PLC
(Introduction to PLC - Programmable logic controller)

15.
Project on
“Metal segregation system using PLC”
Problem statement :-
With the growing population rate of world, the amount of waste
being produced is also increasing at a very faster rate. It is also
posing a very serious problem at the municipal level to manage
the waste.
Can a be Solution :-
It is very crucial to have some system to manage waste
automatically. Using the concept of automation in waste
segregation process numerous advantages can be gained.
Using PLC for this purpose will add more plus points in it
like less human intervention, elimination of Big cost , time
consumption.

16.
 In this project, it proposes an automatic segregation of
metals and nonmetals which is a cheap, easy to use
solution for a segregation systems.
 Proximity-Inductive sensors are used for detecting the
metal or nonmetal type of object and each object which is
moving on a conveyor belt are detected by inductive
sensor, with the help of hydraulic cylinders.
 The controlling is done by PLC and metal objects are
separated from the non-metallic objects. SCADA interfaced
with PLC has been used for monitoring entire process.
Project execution

17.
Hardware Components(Project)
PLC:-
PLCs are designed for multiple analogue and digital inputs and output arrangement. The PLC
receives information from connected sensors or input devices, processes the data, and triggers
outputs based on pre-programmed parameters.
Switched Mode Power Supply:-
A switched-mode power supply (SMPS) is an electronic circuit that converts
power using switching devices that are turned on and off at high frequencies,
and storage components such as inductors or capacitors to supply power
when the switching device is in its non-conduction state.
Switching power supplies have high efficiency and are widely used in a
variety of electronic equipment, including computers and other sensitive
equipment requiring stable and efficient power supply.
Switched-mode power supplies are classified according to the type of input
and output voltages. The four major categories are:
•AC to DC
•DC to DC
•DC to AC
•AC to AC

18.
Relay:-
• A relay mechanism basically consists of a coil and a spring loaded contact which is
free to move across a pivoted axis.
• The central pole is hinged or pivoted in such a way that when the relay coil is
powered with voltage, the central pole joins with one of the side terminals of the
device called the N/O contact (Normally open).
Double acting cylinder:-
• A double acting cylinder alternates cycles of pressurized fluid to both sides of the
piston and creates extend and retract forces to move the piston rod, permitting
more control over the movement.
Push Button:-
• A push-button (also spelled pushbutton) or simply button is a simple
switch mechanism to control some aspect of a machine or a process. Buttons are
typically made out of hard material, usually plastic or metal.

19.
Double acting cylinder Push Buttons
Relay

20.
Before simulation
PLC programming (project)

21.
PLC programming (project)
After simulation

22.
X1 = Start Button
X2 = Stop Button
X3 = Proximity sensor
X4 = Infrared sensor
Y1 = Latching Bit
Y2 = Conveyor belt
Y3 = Motor1
Y4 = Motor2
T0, T1 = Timers

23.
Thank You