Jaundice explained, with revision of cyanosis

1. JAUNDICE

2. Cyanosis occur when deoxy HB
exceed ……. in Capillary blood
 a. 8 gm /dl
 b. 2 gm/dl
 c. 5 gm /dl
 d. 3 gm /dl

3. In peripheral cyanosis which is
true
 a. extremeties are cold
 b. tongue is involved
 c. arterial oxygen saturation is normal
 d. improve with warming
 E. improve by oxygen supplementation

4. In central cyanosis which is true
 a. clubbing may be present
 b. tongue is involved
 c. arterial oxygen saturation is normal
 d. improve with warming
 E. may improve by oxygen
supplementation

9. Jaundice = Icterus

10. Definition
 Yellowish discoloration of skin,
Mucous membranes due to increased
level of bilirubin more than 2.5 mg/dl
 Bilirubin > 2.5 mg/ dl

12.  Normal bilirubin is less than 1-1.3 mg
/dl
 Levels between 1-2.5 mg/dl is
considered sub clinical (sub-icteric)

13. Site of examination
 Sclera (lower fornix) and soft palate

14. Bilirubin metabolism

15. Hemolytic Jaundice

16. Hemolytic jaundice
 Lemon yellow
 Pallor
 Normal urine- acholuric (darken on
standing)
 Dark stool

17. Hepatocellualr jaundice

18. Hepatocellualr jaundice
Orange yellow
Manifestations of Hepatocellular
failure, Cirrhosis
Dark urine
Clay stool

19. Obstructive Jaundice

20. Obstructive Jaundice
• Olive green (deep)
• Itching
• Frothy Dark urine
• Clay stool
• Steatorhea

21. Unilateral jaundice

22. DD Of jaundice
 Racial in Negros
 Atebrin
 Hypercarotimemia (not in sclera)
 Picric acid toxicity
 Uremia
 Xanthomatosis

23. Hypercarotenaemia (not in sclera)

24. Thanks