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Boost Livability for All Ages with Data-Driven Solutions
- 1. Livability Economy Bill Armbruster – National Advisor, AARP Livable Communities
- 2. Source: CDC The U.S. is Getting Older & More Diverse 2010 2050 18 MILLION20 0 10 5.5 MILLION 2012 2050 32.8 MILLION 20 30 0 10 8.8 MILLION AMERICANS AGE 85+ MINORITIES AGE 65+ By 2050 there will be • 18 MILLION AMERICANS AGE 85+ • 32 MILLION 65+ MINORITIES
- 3. PERCENT OF POPULATION AGE 65+ Every State and Community is Aging Source: US Census
- 8. 8 Survey after survey finds that today’s older adults want to remain in their homes Source: AARP Home and Community Preferences of the 45+ Population, 2014 But most houses haven’t been designed to adapt. American homes have traditionally been designed and built for able-bodied 35 year olds 78%of adults ages 45+ agree or strongly agree with the statement: “What I’d really like to do is stay in my current residence for as long as possible.”
- 9. 9 Survey after survey finds that today’s older adults want to stay in their community Source: AARP Home and Community Preferences of the 45+ Population, 2014 For the past 50 years, communities have developed around cars and other motor vehicles as our principal form of transportation 80%of adults ages 45+ agree or strongly agree with the statement: “What I’d really like to do is stay in my current community for as long as possible.”
- 10. The Livability Economy: People, Places and Prosperity
- 11. LONGEVITY ECONOMYA LIVABLE COMMUNITY…. • Features housing choices that are suitable for people of all ages and life states. • Reduces automobile dependence and supports a socially vibrant public realm. • Integrates land uses so people can live closer to our within walking distance of jobs, community activities and services they need. • Has transportation options that enable residents to get around even if they don’t drive.
- 12. Mixed-use property in Livable Communities generates higher tax revenue per acre than single-use property
- 13. LONGEVITY ECONOMYKEY FINDINGS: • COMPACTNESS helps make a community walkable, decreases automobile dependence, and supports a socially vibrant public realm. • INTEGRATION OF LAND USES helps older adults live closer to or within walking distance of work, community activities, and the services they need. • HOUSING DIVERSITY helps ensure that appropriate housing is available for each stage of the life span. • TRANSPORTATION OPTIONS helps older adults remain independent, mobile, and engaged in their surrounding community.
- 14. LONGEVITY ECONOMY LIVABLE COMMUNITIES INCREASE PROPERTY VALUES
- 15. CONCEPTS OF LIVABLE COMMUNITIES • Create walkable and healthy communities • Invest in public transportation • Pull it together through TOD and other service- focused development • Protect housing affordability • Design for accessibility 15
- 18. LONGEVITY ECONOMY PEOPLE WANT LIVABLE COMMUNITIES
- 19. A variety of housing choices in a walkable neighborhood, including affordable housing, generates economic activity for local businesses Suburban Affordable and Market-Rate Housing Next to Shopping and a Civic Uses Rockville, MD Suburban Housing Next to Commercial Norton Commons, Prospect, KY Urban Housing Above Retail Arlington County, VA Rural Rental Housing Over Shops Wing County, MN Small Town Rentals Above Shops Baxter Village, Fort Mill, SC Suburban Market-rate Houses Daybreak, South Jordan, UT Suburban Mixed Housing Units Highland Gardens, Denver, CO Urban Affordable Housing Liberty Green, Louisville, KY
- 20. Investments in public transportation provide cost savings and generates economic development Livable Communities of All Sizes Can Offer Convenient Transportation Choices Rural Paratransit (Nationwide) Suburban Bus (Charlottesville, VA) Urban Light Rail (Charlotte, NC) Urban Subway (Los Angeles, CA)
- 21. Compact development promotes efficient land use and reduces the cost of infrastructure investment Compact Development Can Be Implemented in Communities of all Sizes Rural South Boston, VA Suburban King Farm, Rockville, MD Urban Portland , OR Rural Sanford, ME
- 22. AARP’s Network of Age-Friendly Communities
- 23. AARP’S NETWORK OF AGE-FRIENDLY COMMUNITIES
- 24. Network of Age-Friendly Communities Updated October 10, 2016
- 25. The 8 Domains of Livability The availability and quality of these community features impact the well-being of older adults
- 26. The Built Environment The Social Environment Our Vision and the “8 Domains of Livability” AARP’s Network of Age-Friendly Communities
- 28. HEALTH Healthy Behaviors Access to Health Care Quality of Health Care Commitment to Livability HOUSING Housing Accessibility Housing Options Housing Affordability Commitment to Livability ENVIRONMENT Water Quality Air Quality Resilience Energy Efficiency Commitment to Livability TRANSPORTATION Convenient Transportation Options Transportation Costs Safe Streets Accessible System Design Commitment to Livability NEIGHBORHOOD Proximity to Destinations Mixed-use Neighborhoods Compact Neighborhoods Personal Safety Neighborhood Quality Commitment to Livability OPPORTUNITY Equal Opportunity Economic Opportunity Education Multi-generational Communities Local Fiscal Health Commitment to Livability ENGAGEMENT Internet Access Civic Engagement Social Engagement Equal Rights Commitment to Livability
- 29. Using Map Overlays NAVIGATING THE LIVABILITY INDEX Users may select from a variety indicators for a geographic analysis of the livability score components. Map showing residents’ accessibility to parks based on the number of parks within 0.5 mi.
- 30. A county executive and staff want to know how to meet the housing needs of the growing population of older adults. A real estate agent wants to market his walkable community as a place to find great housing near many local businesses and other amenities. A non-profit organization wants to show the need for transportation services in the community. A community advocate wants to make the streets safer for those who cannot afford to drive and those who can no longer drive. An AARP member is deciding between two locations and wants to live close to medical services because she is taking care of a family member. What will the Livability Index do for your community? Applying the Data BEYOND THE LIVABILITY INDEX
- 31. What will the Livability Index do for your community? A Holistic Approach HEALTH IN THE LIVABILITY INDEX Health Transportation • Frequency of local transit • Walk trips • ADA-accessible stations and vehicles Neighborhood • Access to grocery stores, farmers’ markets, and parks Housing • Accessibility for older adults and the people w/disabilities Environment • Drinking water quality • Regional air quality • Near roadway pollution • Industrial pollution Engagement • Civic involvement • Social involvement Opportunity • Jobs per worker • Income inequality The Livability Index provides more than just a score for each category. It also shows the potential impact that some categories may have on others. Use the diagram to see how health can be affected by the remaining categories and vice versa.
- 32. 5 Things to Do and NOT to Do DON’T… DO… 1. Assume changes HAVE to be costly 2. Just build a senior center 3. Plan JUST for one age group 4. View older people as a drain 5. Ignore pedestrians and design JUST for cars 1. Reach out to your residents 2. Bring in other funders and partners 3. Recognize the value of 50+ residents 4. Borrow ideas from others 5. Understand that small changes can make a big difference
- 33. One Way We Highlight Community Change • Highlights creativity from across US • Features 130 Projects from 100 Mayors • Free e-book download at www.aarp.org/wherewelive • Free print copy available at livable@aarp.org
- 34. Sharing Ideas Spread ideas Profile projects Give examples of work in other places Provide community & issue specific resources WE WANT TO HIGHLIGHT GOOD WORK NATIONWIDE But, we need you to send us examples AARP.org/SharingLivableSolutions
- 36. Our Website and More! Please bookmark and promote AARP.org/Livable And keep these URLs handy, too aarp.org/agefriendly * aarp.org/livabilityindex • Your direct link to the AARP Network of Age-Friendly Communities Tool Kit!
Editor's Notes
- Brief AARP Overview – Social mission organization with 37 million members – Represent the needs of the 50+ population Offices in 53 States
- And, while we are getting older. It’s a different kind of older. By 2050 there will be 18 million Americans over the age of 85. And there will be 32 million more 65+ minorities.
- As you see on the screen, the darker the blue, the older a state is. Our country will age quickly and dramatically over the next 15 years. There are almost 46 million people age 65+ today, that is projected to increase to 73 million by 2030. By then, fully one out of every five people in the country will be age 65 and older. Every state and almost every community is aging.
- Sources Total population by age is from the Census 2013 population estimates. Population forecasts are from the Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service. County-level age distribution, labor force status, and occupation are from the 2012 American Community Survey. Consumer spending by age group is calculated for 2013 by Oxford Economics based on data from BEA Personal Consumption Expenditures, the BEA experimental state-level PCE series, and the BLS Consumer Expenditure Survey. The economic contribution of the Longevity Economy for 2013 is calculated by Oxford Economics using IMPLAN software. Benchmark statewide totals are from IMPLAN and relevant BEA NIPA tables.
- The Longevity Economy is the sum of all economic activity in Wisconsin that is supported by the consumer spending of households headed by someone age 50 or older—both in Wisconsin, as well as spending on exports from Wisconsin to other states. This includes the direct, indirect (supply chain), and induced economic effects of this spending. (The induced impact involves the ripple effects from the spending of those employed either directly or indirectly.)
- People over 50 contribute to the economy in a positive, outsize proportion to their share of the population. Despite being 36% of Wisconsin’s population in 2013 (expected to grow to 38% by 2040), the total economic contribution of the Longevity Economy accounted for 44% of Wisconsin’s GDP ($123 billion). This supported 50% of Wisconsin’s jobs (1.8 million), 44% of employee compensation ($71 billion), and 46% of state taxes ($12 billion). The greatest number of jobs supported by the Longevity Economy were in health care (387,000), retail trade (288,000), and accommodation & food services (166,000). This $123 billion impact of the Longevity Economy was driven by $94 billion in consumer spending by over-50 households in Wisconsin, or 56% of total comparable consumer spending. The categories where Longevity Economy spending accounted for the largest share of total consumer spending were health care (69%), other nondurables (61%), and financial services (60%). People over 50 also make a significant contribution to Wisconsin’s workforce, with 69% of people 50-64 employed, compared to 81% of people 25-49. Overall, people over 50 represent 34% of Wisconsin’s workforce. Among employed people, 12% of those 50-64 are self-employed entrepreneurs, compared with 7% of those 25-49. Additionally, 40% of those 50-64 work in professional occupations, compared to 44% 25-49.
- We have a recently updated AARP survey that was conducted of the 45+ population. Participants were asked to respond to key statements. “What I’d Really Like to Do is Stay in My Current Residence through retirement” Over 3 / 4 of the 45+ want to stay in their current residence for as long as possible! And for the 65+ that number is 88%
- If members can’t remain in their current home, they at least want to remain in their local community! And why? To be close to Family & Friends as well as Community Services! In order to allow residents to stay in their current community as long as possible, they need a community that has mixed use development with multi-modes of transit. Fun Fact: 1 in 5 drivers will be over 65 by 2025 in the US. But our communities aren’t designed to support non – drivers. Source: Home and Community Preferences of the 45+ Population, September 2014 (n=985)
- This report was created to help local leaders understand how Livable Community initiatives contribute to improved communitywide economic performance and guide staff discussions to take steps toward addressing livability issues. Specific examples of how livability strategies have contributed to economic vitality are provided from communities across the country. Purpose of the Livability Report: Its purpose is to drive change by helping local leadership invigorate ongoing communications with constituents, community stakeholders, and administrative departments.
- (Livable Communities make money for communities) Mixed-use development is any urban, suburban or rural development, or even a single building, that includes a combination of land uses (above or adjacent) where those functions are physically and functionally integrated, and that provides pedestrian connections. A study on property tax conducted in nine jurisdictions in four western states show that a mixed-use property in Livable Communities generates more tax revenue per acre than the city and county single-use residential and commercial property. (SOURCE: About Town; Building Revenue for Communities. Sonoran Institute. Minicozzi. 2012.)
- So how do we create those intimate livable communities where people live today? Here are a few recommendations Once you’ve settled on the specifics, delete the detail on this slide What I want to do in the next few minutes is provide some examples of what communities around the country are doing to become more livable. These communities are investing in walkable neighborhoods, public transportation, TOD. And designing for access—for all ages and abilities. The more success you have in harnessing the livability economy through these measures, the more you need to protect housing affordability. With these I’m not proposing a set of separate actions. They really all work together, simultaneously. Photo credits: Ice-cream (Dan Burden?) Walla Walla market (Oregon DOT) Biker (Shannon Guzman) Visitable homes (Torti Gallas and Associates).
- AARP Foundation and Harvard University recently released the Housing America’s Older Adults study. Findings from the study include: The vast majority of older adults live in private homes; Approximately 70% of adults age 65-79 live are single-family homeowners.
- AARP’s Public Policy Institute surveyed more than 4,500 people ages 50 and older through a series of questions related to their preferred community characteristics. What community amenities do older adults want close to home? 50% want to be within 1 mile or less from a Bus Stop 47% want to be within 1 mile or less from a grocery store 42% want to be within 1 mile or less from a park Cleveland opened a new 7 mile BRT line along Euclid Avenue in 2008. Euclid Avenue, is a historically important corridor that connects downtown to the university and hospital districts that are some of the main engines of the metropolitan region’s economy. 24 hours/day 7 days/week every 10 – 15 minutes. Ridership 61% higher than on previous bus route Attracted more than $6 billion in investment through more than 110 projects: $3.3 billion for new construction and $2.5 billion for rehab of existing buildings (Public and non-profit sectors have built or planned nearly $5 billion in real estate development within walking distance of Euclid Ave.) 22% increase in retail land value, outpacing retail values in the City of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County. Several institutions expanded or added new facilities along Euclid Ave.: Cleveland Clinic Heart Center, Cleveland Art Institute, MidTown Tech Park 9% decrease in automobiles 90% increase in people riding bikes 24% reduction in crashes and 25% reduction in injuries for all users
- Boomers and Millennial s Preferences are different from other generations. Both generations prefer living closer to work and driving less: 6 in 10 respondents would pick smaller home/lot if it meant a commute time of 20 minutes or less. (National Association of Realtors Community Preference Survey 2011) Americans see improving existing communities (57%) and building new developments within existing communities (32%) as much higher priorities than building new developments in the countryside (7%). Attitudes toward traffic solutions have remained consistent over the last seven years. Improving public transportation is viewed as the best answer to traffic congestion by half of the country (50%). Three in ten (30%) prefer building communities where fewer people need to drive long distances to work and shop. Far fewer want to see more roads (18%).
- (HOUSING IN LIVABLE COMMUNITIES ARE GOOD INVESTMENTS) Housing that is located close to retailers and jobs expands the utility of transit, giving workers access to greater economic opportunities and giving local businesses more customers. Employers and the broader economy rely on workers of all skill levels and incomes and therefore benefit from the availability of variety of affordable housing with transit access for low and moderate income families. (SOURCE: Enterprise; The National Housing Trust, Reconnecting America, Preserving Affordable Housing Near Transit, 2010.)
- Transportation choices are not just about mobility options, it’s about the communities that provide these options by investing in affordable access for citizens, employees and visitors. In Livable Communities, transportation investments are also economic development strategies. Transportation investments, offer low-cost ways to traverse neighborhoods and regions. They also expand the labor pool, providing employers with a more competitive workforce. As automobile costs becomes more unpredictable as well as physically challenging to an aging population. Livable Communities understand that alternative modes of transportation save people money, make local business more competitive, and offer health benefits as well. For every billion dollars invested in public transportation: 36,000 jobs are created, supporting $1.6 billion in labor income. Short term: $3.6 billion in business sales, $1.8 billion in GDP, and $490 million in tax revenue. Long term: $1.8 billion to GDP as a result of spending and $1.7 billion to GDP. (SOURCE: Weisbrod, Glen;Reno, Arlee, Economic Impact of Public Transportation Investment, American Public Transportation Association, October 2009, p. ii.)
- (LIVABLE COMMUNITIES SAVES MONEY for COMMUNITIES) - A study of five development scenarios for the Philadelphia region found that the cost of providing roads, schools, emergency services and other vital infrastructure to new communities: - In the dispersed land use scenario is roughly $45,000 per household. - In the compact alternative, it would only cost $25,000 per household for the same services. (SOURCE: Environmental Protection Agency, Smart Growth and Economic Success: Strategies for Local Governments, March 2014, p. 8.) A Twin Cities study on public infrastructure investment for compact growth scenarios were half the cost as typical suburban growth scenarios. (SOURCE: CEE, Two Roads Diverge: Analyzing Growth Scenarios for the Twin Cities, Center for Energy and Environment, Minnesotans for an Energy-Efficient Economy, 1999.)
- Moving on, we know the country is changing dramatically, but people also have very clear wants and needs.
- The AARP Network of Age-Friendly Communities is our most comprehensive platform for engaging leaders to improve their community’s quality of life for all residents. in 8 Domains of Livability that range from transportation to housing to civic engagement. AARP leads this work through our partnership with the World Health Organization’s Global Network of Age-Friendly Cities and Communities. We serve as the institutional affiliate here in the U.S. We established the Network in April 2012. Since then we have grown to 122 communities representing almost 58 million lives impacted
- An age-friendly city is an inclusive and accessible urban environment that promotes active aging. AARP has policy principles that promote: improving health, engaging residents, creating a sense of place, fostering home and community-based service delivery and achieving other goals designed to create Age-Friendly Communities. In April of 2012, we launched the AARP Age Friendly community Network – serving as the US Affiliate for the WHO program
- The strategic framework of the network is based on the eight domains of livability which are outlined in the slide. *Each of the domains influences the health and quality of life of older individuals. We typically characterize the domains within the context of the built environment, the social environment and cross cutting in nature. Outdoor spaces and buildings Availability of safe and accessible recreational facilities Transportation Safe and affordable modes of private and public transit Housing Range of housing options for older residents, the ability to age in place and home-modification programs Social participation Access for older adults to leisure and cultural activities, and opportunities for social and civic engagement with both peers and younger people Respect and social inclusion Programs to promote ethnic and cultural diversity, as well as multigenerational interaction and dialogue Civic participation and employment Paid work and volunteer activities for older adults, and opportunities to engage in the creation of policies relevant to their lives Communication and information Access to technology that helps older people connect with their community, friends and family Community support and health services Access to homecare services, health clinics and programs that promote wellness and active aging . The Shepherd’s Center philosophy is rooted in the understanding that they are organizations designed and run by volunteers. Volunteers are the key component to the success of our member network. Volunteers are the leaders in providing in-home and community based services for their neighbors. Shepherd’s Centers in conjunction with their community partners also provide their participants with life long learning, health enhancement and cultural enrichment opportunities. Our vision is all individuals will experience meaningful lives through every phase of their mature years.
- AARP surveys have clearly shown that people want to age exactly where they are: in their homes and in their communities. They don’t want to be forced to move because their needs can be better met elsewhere. They don’t want to compromise their health and well-being just to stay in their community. The expect that as they age, their communities will offer the type of environment and services that they need to age in place. Unfortunately Americas communities are not prepared to deliver on this expectation. The AARP Livability Index was designed for local policy makers and other community leaders to better understand their community’s relative strengths and weaknesses for meeting the needs of both older adults in the community AND their families. It’s an Index for all ages b/c when we plan for older adults, we plan for everyone. It serves all age groups, with a special focus on measuring how well communities are accommodating residents as they age. The Livability Index shows what communities look like today and provides resources to help them improve over time. The Livability Index is a groundbreaking initiative of the AARP Public Policy Institute. It’s a web-based tool that enables individuals and policymakers to evaluate their communities based on a broad set of indicators. The tool scores communities for the services and amenities that affect peoples’ lives the most. For instance: Quality healthcare and excellent transportation options to get people there whether or not they drive Homes that are accessible and affordable for families of varying means One of the unique contributions of this Index is that the user can see the livability score for any neighborhood in the United States. We don’t believe there is another tool as robust as the Index. There are other great tools out there—such as WalkScore that give you nationwide neighborhood scores, but limited to walking and transit data. There are other local tools such as the Minneapolis Health Communities Assessment Tool, which includes a breadth of indicators for all neighborhoods in Minneapolis. Our tool offers both breadth and neighborhood scale data. The AARP Livability Index was designed for local policy makers and other community leaders to better understand their community’s relative strengths and weaknesses for meeting the needs of both older adults in the community AND their families. It’s an Index for all ages b/c when we plan for older adults, we plan for everyone. It serves all age groups, with a special focus on measuring how well communities are accommodating residents as they age. The Livability Index shows what communities look like today and provides resources to help them improve over time.
- Key Features of the Livability Index • Location search feature—Users can search the livability score for any location in the United States by address, town, city, county, or state. • Comparison feature—Users can compare the livability score and category scores for up to three locations (any combination of address, town, city, county, or state). • Customization feature—Users can customize their scores according to which categories are more or less important to them. • Map overlays—Users will find demographic information such as race/ethnicity, age, and a visual display of the indicators comprising the livability scores. • Resources tab—The score results page has a list of resources by category to connect communities to resources that will help them become more livable. Index Scores • The Livability Index scores places for their performance on 40 metrics and 20 policies across the seven categories of livability. Metrics measure how livable communities are in the present, while policies capture whether communities are laying the groundwork to become more livable over time. The livability score for a selected neighborhood, city, county or state ranges from 0 to 100. Category scores also range from 0 to 100. • We score communities by comparing them to one another, so the average community gets a score of 50. Even the best-performing communities show room for improvement in at least one category.
- The results map has a link to map overlays that provide more geographic analysis of the searched location. Users can chose from more than 35 different map layers. Users will find demographic information such as race/ethnicity, age, and a visual display of the indicators that comprise the livability scores. Map layers tagged with an asterics (“*”) do not factor into the livability scores. They were included b/c they provide users with additional interesting information about their communities, states, and nation. In the following example, “Access to Parks” is selected. This produces a color-coded map which shows residents’ proximity to parks based on the number of parks within a half-mile radius. The map layers feature is particular powerful to observe geographic differences and inequities across communities, regions and states. For example, apply Upward Mobility or Life Expectancy zoom out until just before the level of geography moves from outlining counties to states and then pan from north to south. You will observe huge differences between the northern and southern regions of the country. Any of the metrics that present information at the neighborhood scale (such as walk trips) can show interesting differences across an individual community.
- Possible uses for the Livability Index through user examples: The livability index score will give the user a snapshot of the current conditions within a community and help local stakeholders make decisions about their needs. A county executive and staff want to know how to meet the housing needs for the growing population of older adults. The livability index could provide information about the types of housing currently available within the community and affordability of local housing options. A community advocate wants to make the streets safer for those who cannot afford to drive and those who can no longer drive The livability index could provide information about Complete Streets policies or older adult pedestrian fatalities.
- Use the diagram as an activity to discuss how health can be affected by the other categories, and vice versa
- So, here are 5 things to DO and NOT to do. DON’T Don’t assume changes have to be costly. Don’t think just building a senior center will prepare you for an aging population Don’t plan JUST for one age group Don’t view older people as a drain And don’t Ignore pedestrians and design JUST for cars And, on the DO side of the equation: DO, Reach out to your residents, including people 50+ DO, work with partners and bring in other funders DO, recognize the immense value of 50+ residents – economic and intangibles DO, borrow ideas from others. There is a lot of work happening already. Build and improve on that. And, finally, DO understand that small changes can make a big difference. Big projects can be very good. But small changes can go a long way.
- Platform to showcase the Mayors. Categories Include: Housing Transportation Environment Opportunity Health Culture Engagement Neighborhood
- Lessons, Best Practices & How-To's aarp.org/livable-lessons Livability Fact Sheets aarp.org/livability-factsheets Livability Index aarp.org/livabilityindex "5 Questions for …" Interviews: aarp.org/livable-interviews
- If you aren’t already familiar with our Livable Communities website, which houses the Age-Friendly Toolkit, I highly advise you to check it out. NEWSLETTER The website a repository of information and resources that help local officials, policy makers and citizen activists make their communities great places for all ages. It has tool kits, fact sheets, reports and resources from a wide range of sources. In addition, we have informative slideshows, “5 Questions” interviews with Livable Communities-related leaders and Livable “how-to’s” that share best practice experiences and lessons. The website’s Livable Communities Great Places Blog features livable-oriented news, local updates and information about the work of AARP Livable Communities and its partner organizations.