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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential
Modern Applications
on AWS
Dario Pizzuto – Solutions Architect
November 10th, 2020

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
• Overview
• Becoming high frequency
• Amazon’s adoption of modern applications
• How to get there
• Shrink the scope
• Offload the undifferentiated pieces
• Choose the right tool for the job
• Automate everything
• Benefits
Agenda

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
A modern application is not a static thing, but is, by
definition, ever-changing:
Modern (mod·ern)*
adjective
of, relating to, or characteristic of the
present or the immediate past
MODERN APPLICATIONS OVERVIEW
*https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/modern

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
However, it does refer to how builders
leverage people, process, and technology to
build applications TODAY. It is about
building automated, operatable, business
focused solutions.
MODERN APPLICATIONS OVERVIEW

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
A modern approach allows you to:
Shrink the scope
Offload the undifferentiated pieces
Choose the right tool for the job
Automate everything
MODERN APPLICATIONS OVERVIEW

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Becoming High
Frequency

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The frequency spectrum

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Enterprises feel pressure to close the gap
90% 15%
Source: McKinsey

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Enterprises feel pressure to close the gap
67%
Source: Gartner

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Enterprises feel pressure to close the gap
Source: Puppet Labs State of DevOps Report

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Why do enterprises feel safer moving slowly?
Failing or unstable applications
Security, risk, and compliance
Big bet launch failures
1
2
3

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Invest in your
workforce
And put them closer
to your customers
Automate your
bureaucracy
To provide safety and
speed
Build it in,
don’t bolt it on
Assume attack
and failure
Break up the
work
Monolith to
microservices
1 2 3 4

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Changes at Amazon…

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Development transformation at Amazon: 2001-2002
Monolithic
application + teams
Microservices
+ 2 pizza teams
2001 2002

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Two-pizza teams are fast & agile
• Full ownership & autonomy
• You build it, you run it
• DevOps – small, nimble teams
• Focused innovation

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A shift to microservices
Single-purpose
Connect only through hardened APIs
Largely “black boxes” to each other
Business logic and data only accessible
through APIs

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Self-service platforms without gatekeepers
Creating powerful self-service platforms that enable
builders to use the right tool for the right job

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Deployment at scale
1,000s
of teams
Micro-
services
CI/CD Serverless
>60 Million
deployments
per year*
=

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Architectural patterns
Operational model
Data management
Software delivery
What changes have to be
made in this new world?

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Architectural patterns
Shrink the scope

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APIs are the front door of microservices

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When the impact of change is small, release velocity can
increase
Monolith
Does everything
Microservices
Does one thing

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Event-driven architectures

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Events are observable, not directed
Directed
Commands
Observable
Events

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Event-driven Benefits: Break up the work
Decoupled and
distributed
Decrease waste Pay for value

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Operational model
Offload the undifferentiated pieces

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Isn’t all of this very hard now that
we have lots of pieces to operate?

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LEVELOFABSTRACTION
FOCUS ON BUSINESS LOGIC
SERVERLESS
PHYSICAL
MACHINES
VIRTUAL
MACHINES
CONTAINERIZATION AWS
Lambda
AWS
Fargate
• Continuous scaling
• Fault tolerance built-in
• Pay for value
• Zero maintenance
• Focus on business value
There’s a paradigm shift happening

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Serverless reduces the operational load
No infrastructure provisioning,
no management
Pay
for value
Automatic
scaling
Highly
available

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Compute Virtual Machine EC2 Elastic Beanstalk AWS
Lambda
Fargate
Databases MySQL MySQL on EC2
RDS MySQL RDS Aurora Aurora Serverless DynamoDB
Storage Storage
S3
Messaging ESBs
Amazon MQ Kinesis SQS / SNS
Analytics
Hadoop Hadoop on EC2 EMR Elasticsearch Service Athena
OPERATIONAL LOAD
Let AWS do the heavy lifting
more less

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
So you don’t have to
Less concernsMore concerns
AWS Lambda
Serverless functions
AWS Fargate
Serverless containers
ECS/EKS
Container-management
as a service
EC2
Infrastructure-as-a-Service
AWS MANAGES
CUSTOMER
MANAGES
• Data source integrations
• Physical hardware, software,
networking, and facilities
• Provisioning
• Application code
• Container orchestration,
provisioning
• Cluster scaling
• Physical hardware, host
OS/kernel, networking, and
facilities
• Application code
• Data source integrations
• Security config and updates,
network config, management
tasks
• Container orchestration
control plane
• Physical hardware software,
networking, and facilities
• Application code
• Data source integrations
• Work clusters
• Security config and updates,
network config, firewall,
management tasks
• Physical hardware software,
networking, and facilities
• Application code
• Data source integrations
• Scaling
• Security config and updates,
network config, management
tasks
• Provisioning, managing scaling
and patching of servers

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A common question, which is appropriate?
Serverless compute engine
for containers
• Long-running
• Bring existing code
• Fully-managed orchestration
AWS Fargate
Serverless event-driven
code execution
• Short-lived
• All language runtimes
• Data source integrations
AWS Lambda

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Data management
Right tool for the job

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Common dependencies limit solutions

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Data becomes a part of each microservice

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A family of purpose-built databases
KEY-VALUE
A m a z o n
D y n a m o D B
A m a z o n
E l a s t i C a c h e
f o r R e d i s &
M e m c a c h e d
IN-MEMORY
A m a z o n
N e p t u n e
GRAPH
A m a z o n
D o c u m e n t D B
DOCUMENT
w i t h M o n g o D B
c o m p a t i b i l i t y
A m a z o n
T i m e s t r e a m
LEDGER
A m a z o n
Q L D B
TIME SERIES

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Delivery of software
Automate everything

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Project-based Monolithic Development
Developers Single pipelineMonolith
Build Test Release Monitor

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Team-based Monolithic Development
Single pipelineMonolithTeams
Build Test Release Monitor

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Product-based Development
Teams Single pipelineServices
Build Test Release Monitor

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Product-based Delivery
Teams Services Automated release pipelines
Build Test Release Monitor
Build Test Release Monitor
Build Test Release Monitor
Build Test Release Monitor

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Built-in security puts developers at the center of
your security team
DEVELOPMENT

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Security in the CI/CD
pipeline
Artifact validation
Static code analysis
Security of the CI/CD
pipeline
Access roles
Hardening build
servers/nodes
1 2
Automated and Secure Pipelines

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Cloud
Custodian
Built-in guardrails

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The modernization
journey

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
On-
premises
Lift &
shift
Instance
Right-Sizing
Improved
Elasticity
Measure,
Monitor,
Improve
Optimized
EC2
Storage
Optimization
Serverless
Architecture
Managed
Services
True AWS
Optimized
Post-migration cost savings and architectural maturity
Mature &
Optimized
Typical Starting Point
Modernization and cloud maturity is a journey

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Many paths to modern applications
CAPACITYPROCESSESCOSTMODELS
OPERATIONAL PROCESSES DEVELOPMENT MODELS
ON-PREMISESCLOUD
“LEGACY” ARCHITECTURES MODERN ARCHITECTURES
AWS
EC2
AWS
ECS
AWS
FARGATE
AWS
EKS
AWS
LAMBDA
AWS
ECS
AWS
FARGATE
AWS
EKS
Containers
Modern
Applications
DIRECT

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Typically starts with breaking down the monolith
Moving monolithic applications to microservices
by gradually creating events and APIs for various
components on of the legacy application
THE STRANGLER PATTERN
https://martinfowler.com/bliki/StranglerFigApplication.html

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Breaking up the monolith
one service at a time

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BREAKING UP THE MONOLITH

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BREAKING UP THE MONOLITH

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
BREAKING UP THE MONOLITH

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
BREAKING UP THE MONOLITH

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BREAKING UP THE MONOLITH
• Used AWS cloud native services with legacy applications
• Decoupled functionality for quicker/safer development
• Gradually carve out one task at a time to refactor
• Works with cloud or hybrid applications

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BREAKING UP THE MONOLITH

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
Modern Application
Benefits

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
Why are customers choosing to build modern apps?
Faster to
Market
More reliable
applications
Increased rate of
innovation
Reduced
costs

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
We are witnessing a paradigm shift
Our goal is to automate and abstract away as much as is possible so customers can
focus on building applications for their business
Win
Customers
Build better
products
Release
features
faster
Experiment
and
Innovate
more often
Focus on
business
logic
Decouple
software
systems

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One more thing…

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© 2020, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Confidential.
AWS Europe (Milan) Region
On April, 28th AWS expanded its global footprint with the opening of the AWS Infrastructure Region in Italy. The new
Region AWS Europe (Milano) brings advanced cloud technologies that enable opportunities for innovation,
entrepreneurship, and digital transformation. For additional information about services and characteristics of an AWS
Region, you can check the website: aws.amazon.com/local/italy/milan/

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Thank you!
dpizzuto@amazon.com