this presentation gives a brief information about classification of tumors affecting bone

1. Classification of bone tumors
Prepaired by:
1-Amin makhdoom
Twitter:ameen_km

2. introduction
The Classification of bone tumors is based on
histological criteria & the diagnosis should based
on histopathological finding and presentations
Tumors affecting bone can be classified as:
1-bone forming tumors
2-cartilage forming tumors
3- bone marrow tumors

3. Benign group:
A- osteoma
B- osteoid osteoma
C- osteoblastoma
Malignant group:
A-osteosarcoma
Benign group :
Chondroma
Osteochondroma
Chondroblastoma
Fibroma
Malignant group:
Chondrosarcoma
Tumors of unknown origin:
Ewing sarcoma
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Giant cell tumors

4. Bone forming tumors:
These tumors produce unminralized osteoid or minrilized woven bone.
1- osteoid osteoma:
Benign tumor
Less than 2 cm
Most common in young men
50% of cases affecting femur or tibia
Arising in the cortex
Accompaned with nocturnal pain
Pain relieved by aspirin

5. 2-osteoblastoma:
• Larger than 2cm
• Arising in the posterior component
of vertebra
• Unresponsive pain to aspirin
• Treatment is by excision
• Malignant transfornation is rare

6. 3-Osteosarcoma:
• malignant tumor that produces osteoid matrix
or minriliazed woven bone
• Most common primary bone tumor following
myeloma and lymphoma
• Male > female
• Arising in metaphysis of long bones of
extrimities

7. Cont.
• It is characteristic by having bimodels:
• 1- 75 % in indiviuals younger than 20
• 2- 25 % in elderly people with(paget
disease, bone fractures,previous
radiation)

8. 4-osteoma :
• Is a benign tumor characterized by a proliferation
of either compact or spongy bones .
• Favored sites: gead &neck
• Male>female
• Common types:
• 1-compact osteoma
• 2-cancellous osteoma
• 3-central osteoma

9. Cartilage forming tumors:
• Benign tumor that exhibits a cartilage gap
• The tumor is attached by a bony stalk
• 85 % of cases are solitary: diagnosed in late
adulscence and early adulthood
• 15 % is part of exostosis syndrom: diagnosed
during childhood
• Male > female by 3 times
1-osteochondroma

10. Cont.
It develops in bones of endochondral origin
Arising in metaphysis espicially around KNEE
Patient usually appeared with:
Slow growing mass
Bowed underlying bones
With rarely progression to malignant

11. 2- chondroma:
• Benign tumor of hyaline cartilage ocurr in
bones of endochondral origin.
• Appear as solitary in metaphyseal region
• Common sites:
• Short tubular bones of hands &feet
• Affecting age in between 20-50

12. Cont.
• It has 2 subtypes:-
• If arrising in medullary cavity, it is called :
• Enchondroma
• If arising in bone surface, it is called:
• juxtacortical chondroma
• Most cases detected as incidental finding
• On X-ray, it shows noduls of artilage

13. 2- chondrosarcoma:
• Malignant tumor that is sub classified into :
1-Conventional
2-Dedifferentiated
3-Clear cell
4-mesenchymal
90 % of cases are conventional
Clear cells &mesenchymal occur in children

14. Cont.
• Affecting age over 40
• Male >female by 2 times
• Arising in axial skeleton (pelvis + shoulders+ ribs )
• Rare involvement of distal extrimites.
• It develops from multiple osteochondroma

15. Bone marrow tumors
• Malignant tumor composed of primptive
round cell with various degree in
neuroectodermal differentiation
• It constitue 10% of primary malignant bone
tumors
• second most common bone scroma in
children
• 80% of cases are younger than 20
Ewing sarcoma