Diverting Toilet Solutions and use of Collected Urine as Fertilizer in future projects among others in Schoolgardens in Sri Lanka

1. Diverting Toilet Solutions and use of
Collected Urine as Fertilizer in
future projects among others in
Schoolgardens in Sri Lanka
Lecture by Arne Backlund and Sara Heiberg
Backlund Ecology
15. November 2018
Rotary Brønshøj

2. Water and Sanitation
at Schools in Sri
Lanka in Rotary
Brønshøj projects.

3. Who are we in
Backlund ApS?
Sara Heiberg (daughter) and
Arne Backlund

6. Backlund ApS has considerable experience with
large water and wastewater projects. In the
beginning of the 1990ies BACKLUND
represented KRÜGER - now VEOLIA in the
eastern part of Germany and succeeded getting
very big orders establishing and running water
and wastewater treatment systems including
water pipes and sewers organized in a
“Kooperationsmodell” or a “Betreibermodell”.
Unfortunately often “Mercedessolutions” with
to large and to central systems. This is a
lecture in it self.

8. In ”The Action Plan to promote Sustainable Urban
Renewal and Wastewater Treatment” from 1998
and forward BACKLUND worked with two themes:
Ecological Handling of Wastewater in the Country
Nutrients from the City to the Country
BACKLUND participated in 12 - 15 projects and
contributed working out reports and articles.

9. Backlund, A., Eilersen, A. M.,
Larsen, I., Hagelskjær, M.,
Jensen, I. 2003: Ecological
Handling of Urine and Feces in
Allotment Gardens using
Waterless Diverting Toilets. The
Danish Environmental
Protection Agency. Sustainable
Urban Renewal and Wastewater
Treatment no. 34/2003. Report
in Danish with an English
summary
Holtze, A. & Backlund, A. 2002:
Collection, Storage and Fertilizing
with Urine from Møn Homestead,
Denmark. The Danish
Environmental Protection Agency.
Sustainable Urban Renewal and
Wastewater Treatment no.
23/2002. Report in Danish with an
English summary.
Backlund, A. 2003:
Improved Knowledge
Regarding Diverting
Sanitary Technology. The
Danish Environmental
Protection Agency.
Sustainable Urban
Renewal and Wastewater
Treatment no.
35/2003.Report in Danish
with an English summary
Holtze, A. & Backlund, A.
2003: Composting and
Maturing of Human
Residual Contained in
Drained Blackwater. The
Danish Environmental
Protection Agency.
Sustainable Urban
Renewal and Wastewater
Treatment no.39/2003.
Report in Danish with an
English summary.
Møller, J., Backlund, A.,
Jørgensen, L.T., Forslund, A.
og Dalsgaard, A. 2005:
Survival of Indicator
Organisms in Composting
Toilets and by Simulized
Central Composting of
Human Feces. The Danish
Environmental Protection
Agency. Sustainable Urban
Renewal and Wastewater
Treatment no.56/2005.
Report in Danish with an
English summary.
Holtze, A. & Backlund, A.
2003 : Vacuum Toilets
and Treatment of the
Collected Material at
Biogas Works or by Wet
Composting. The Danish
Environmental
Protection Agency.
Sustainable Urban
Renewal and Wastewater
Treatment no. 36/2003.
Report in Danish with an
English summary.
Holtze, A. & Backlund, A.
2001: Investigation and
Experience from a Willow
Evapotranspiration System
Without Outlet in
Tappernøje, Denmark. The
Danish Environmental
Protection Agency.
Sustainable Urban Renewal
and Wastewater
no.17/2001. Report in
Danish with an English
summary.
Projektgroup FAIR 2003: Short-
rotation Willow Biomass
Plantations Irrigated and
Fertilised with Wastewaters -
Results from a 4-year
multidisciplinary field project in
Sweden, France, Northern Ireland
and Greece supported by the EU-
FAIR Programme. The Danish
Environmental Protection
Agency. Sustainable Urban
Renewal and Wastewater
Treatment no. 37/2003. Report in
English.

10. Success with Diverting Waterless Toilets
in Allotment Gardens
New Knowledge from Danish
Environmental Protection Agency
Theme
New toilets
● Success with Diverting Waterless Toilets
in Allotment Gardens
● Good Perspectives for Composting Toilets
in Countryside
● New Vacuum Toilets providing Energy and
Nutrients

11. Success with Diverting Toilet Systems at “Møns Museumsgård”
(The Museum Farmstead of Møn)
Holtze, A. & Backlund, A. 2002: Collection, Storage
and Fertilizing with Urine from Møn Homestead,
Denmark. The Danish Environmental Protection
Agency. Sustainable Urban Renewal and Wastewater
Treatment no. 23/2002. Report in Danish with an
English summary.

12. ● Human Urine contributes with about 80 % of the load of N*
and 50 % of the P* load of conventional domestic
wastewater
● Human Urine treated conventional requires large amounts
of energy producing large amounts of sludge
Flow or Stream
Materials
*N Nitrogen
*P Phosphorus

13. ● We Excrete most of the Nutrients we Consume
● Human Urine contributes with only 1 % of the Volume of
Household Wastewater but contains 80 % of N*, 55 % of P*
and 60 % of K* and less than 0.6 % of Cadmium and 0.06 %
of Lead
Flow or Stream
Materials
*N Nitrogen
*P Phosphorus
*K Potassium

14. •One Person Excrete 1 KG P/year.
•0.7 KG in Urine and 0.3 KG in Faeces.
•Human Phosphorus Returned to Soil Would Cover 80 % of P*
Demand
•In Agriculture Short of Phosphorus Human Excreta could be
a Golden Opportunity.
•In 100 years Phosphorus Could Be Gone.
Phosphorus
*P Phosphorus

15. 7 000 000

17. Wooden Waterless Diverting
Toilet produced by BACKLUND
in the 1990’s.
Wooden Waterless
Diverting Toilet produced
by BACKLUND in the
1990’s.

18. Wooden Waterless Diverting Toilet produced by BACKLUND in the 1990’s.

19. One of our
Separett Villa
9000 in the family
house in Sweden
We are pleased to
show and
demonstrate the
toilet for you here
today

20. Another part of
the family has a
Wostman
EcoFlush toilet
since the mid-
1990s at their
Torp in Sweden.
The latest
generation of the
toilet is seen in
the left side of
the slide.

21. Ecovillage Permatopia
1 out of 96 EcoFlush toilets
The very big Zero Discharge Willow
Wastewater Evapotranspiration System

22. Visiting Jytte Abildstrøm in
Munksoegaard with 100 EcoFlush
toilets and beautiful use of the
Willow.

23. The result of 10 years work to make Roskilde Festival
implement PeeCycling with collection and utilization of
urine. Video about "Beercycling"
Beercycling at Roskilde Festival anno 2016.
Click here
to play the
video

24. Beercycling at Roskilde Festival anno 2016.
With the result “Pisner” beer in 2017
Click here
to play the
video

25. Letter to Roskilde Festival CEO about collecting both men and woman’s urine from 2019.

26. Establishment and use of ”Separett Villa waterless
diverting toilet” in Lima, Peru.

31. BACKLUND is collaborating on and
delivering willow to regional Emilia
educational projects in Halle, Germany
in 1992 - 1995

32. The
project
was
posted in
several
media

34. Energi willow planted as willow huts and willow
tunnels by Sara and her father in Sara's
Kindergarden in 1992.
Sara and her
daughter Vilma
harvesting willow in
November 2018

35. Arne talks about and
demonstrates the use of urine
in Uganda October 2017

36. The great growth effect using urine as a fertilizer
growing maize

37. Video about urine use in Uganda (can be used as
inspiration producing teaching materials)
Click here
to play the
video

38. Projects for all budgets
Possibility to add something to already established and well-functioning
projects.
Possibility of collecting and using urine in existing or future projects, eg in schools and school gardens.
Possibility of local assembly of or production of source sorting wooden toilets.
Instead of the arrow, you will be able to use bamboo.

39. Inspiration working out more educational material (culturally
determined and not with malt and beer as in this case but instead
growing important crops for the children.

40. Inspiration for educational material (culturally determined and not
with malt and beer, as in this case, but for the cultivation of
important crops for the children.

41. Glad to see the great focus on toilet systems that source sorts for separate collection of
urine.

44. We develop and support projects in developing countries