4. 3
Innovation@TCS – the Co-Innovation Network
Ecosystem of innovative partners
encompassing:
Academic Institutions
Start up companies
Government
Service Providers
Industry Bodies
Need : A rich and diverse network that drives innovation in an open
community:
Research
Labs
Startups
End Users
Research
Institutions
Academic
Institutions
Student
Community
Individuals
Service Providers
Government
departments
Industry BodiesUtilities
6. 5
Ubiquitous Computing
“Ubiquitous computing enhances computer use by making many computers available
throughout the physical environment, but making them effectively invisible to the user”
At present Ubiquity is viewed as a Consumer phenomenon – However
widespread adoption of ubiquitous devices among Enterprise stakeholders will
drive Enterprises to ubiquity.
7. 6
Signal
Processing
Internet-of-Things - towards Intelligent Infrastructure
Sense
Extract
Analyze
Respond
Learn
Monitor
Intelligent
Infra
@Home
@Building
@Vehicle
@Utility
@Mobile
@Store
@Road
“Intelligent” (Cyber) “Infrastructure” (Physical)
APPLICATION SERVICES
BACK-END PLATFORM
INTERNET
GATEWAY
Sense
Extract
Analyze
Respond
Communication
Computing
8. 7
Integrated Platform for Intelligent Infrastructure
People Feedback & Emotions
Social Media
Integrated Services
Sensors & IoT
Platform
Traditional Monitoring & Control
Systems
Citizen Data
Smart Integration Platform
Transportation Healthcare Electricity
WaterPublic Safety Tourism
Smart Integrated Services
Sense
Analyze
Extract
Respond
Intelligence
Smart Domain Services
Community
etc.
Sense: People Activity, Appliances, Vehicles , Road, Home/Bldg, Utility
Infrastructure
Detect gas leakage/water contamination :
mobilize rescue team, suggest optimum route
Divert Road Traffic in case of
Water Pipeline Burst
Correlate Electricity/Water
/Gas consumption patterns
Intelligent Integration Platform
Integrated Intelligent Services
11. 10
The Grid
“Resource sharing & coordinated problem solving in dynamic,
multi-institutional virtual organizations”
• Ian Foster, Grid Computing in Canada Workshop, University of Alberta, May 1, 2002
12. 11
Software enables:
On-demand access to services
Secure, reliable, dynamic federation
Definition & execution of workflows
Applications:
– Address complex problems
– Provide community services
Facilities:
– Provide access to resources
– Host robust services and content
Grid Technology
• Ian Foster, Chicago Technology Forum, October 28, 2005
• Min-Jen Tsai, ,Yuan-Fu Luo , Expert Systems with Applications, Volume 36, Issue 7, Sept. 2009,
Elsevier
13. 12
Grid Computing and IoT
It is all about Intelligent Systems
Intelligence comes from Analytics
Need for crunching huge amount of sensor data and
respond in real-time
Needs huge computing infrastructure in cloud
Another option is to distribute computing load to the edge
devices
14. 13
The Grid in IoT is in the Edge - Fog Computing
• Flavio Bonomi et.al. MCC2012, Helsinki, Finland
15. 14
Advantages
Edge Devices computing power remain unused most of the
time
o Free Computing resource for the grid
o Potentially millions of ~1GHz Processors on the grid depending upon
use case
Energy cost at edge is typically at consumer rates <<
Energy cost at cloud which is at Enterprise rates
o Energy cost account for 50% of Data Center Opex
18. 17
Healthcare – Remote Medical Consultation
ECG
Body Fat Analyzer
Blood Pressure
Monitor
Pulse OxyMeter
Mobile gateway
Patient
Records
Health Center / Home
Expert Doctor
Analytics
and
Decision
Support
Systems
Wireless gateway
20. 19
Challenges
• Using the Internet as the media for distributing data to the
edge device will cost the edge device owner and use battery at
edge device
• How to reduce the cost of Communication
• How to preserve the Battery power
• Edge device should be used only during its idle time and
should not effect the user experience during its normal usage
• How to sense idle time in real-time and allocate job / distribute
data optimally
• Smartphones as edge devices
• Incentivisation for users to allow this
• Edge devices are typically constrained in memory and have
variety of hardware and software flavors
• Need to factor in device capability in job scheduling design
• Need to create common middleware framework for job
distribution / execution
21. 20
Solution Approach – Computing Aspect
• Agent-based grid Computing using CONDOR
• Need for agents in diverse types of edge devices via a common framework
• Min-Jen Tsai, ,Yuan-Fu Luo , Expert Systems with Applications, Volume 36, Issue 7,
Sept. 2009, Elsevier
22. 21
Solution Approach – Communication Aspect
HTTP is heavy-weight.
CoAP is the most efficient in terms of bandwidth.
Power usages by CoAP and HTTP to send GPS
data using mobile phone as sensor gateway
Scenarios cover indoor and outdoor with increasing
mobility
• http://people.inf.ethz.ch/mkovatsc/californium.php
• Ralf Koetter, Muriel Medard, 2003 IEEE/ACM transaction http://web.mit.edu/medard/www/NWCFINAL.pdf
• Soma Bandyopadhyay, Abhijan Bhattacharyya, Workshop on Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), 2013 International Conference
on Computing, Networking and Communication (ICNC, 2013)
COAP – the Constrained Object Access Protocol
23. 22
Broadcast Based Communication – the Future?
Universal Compaction using lossless source coding
• Farkas, P.; Halcin, F.; , "Communication techniques for wireless sensor networks using distributed universal compaction algorithms," Signal
Processing and Communication Systems, 2009. ICSPCS 2009. 3rd International Conference on , vol., no., pp.1-6, 28-30 Sept. 2009
Preservation of uplink bandwidth and sensor node power
24. 23
IoT Platform from TCS
Internet
End Users
Administrators
Device Integration & Management Services
Analytics Services
Application Services
Storage
Messaging & Event Distribution Services
ApplicationServices
Presentation Services
Application Support Services
Middleware
Edge Gateway
Sensors
Internet
Back-end on Cloud
RIPSAC – Real-time Integrated Platform for Services & AnalytiCs
Traditional
Internet
Service Delivery
Platform & App
Development
Platform
Security/Privacy
Framework
Lightweight M2M
Protocols
Analytics-as-a-
Service
Social Network
Integration
SDKs and APIs for
App developer
Grid
Computing
Components