Planning Guidelines for ALEAP Green Industrial Park

Planning & Design Guidelines
GREEN INDUSTRIAL PARK
for ALEAP, Nandigama, Andhra Pradesh, India

Planning & Design Guidelines
for ALEAP, Nandigama, Andhra Pradesh, India
© 2014 Auroville Consulting

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© 2014 Auroville Consulting
All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
wihtout permission in writing from Auroville
Consulting.
Funded by:
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale
Zusammenarbeit (GIZ)
Layout: Auroville Consulting
Content:
Auroservice
Auroville Botanical Services
Auroville Collaborative
Auroville Consulting
Auroville Design Consultants
Center for Scientific Research
EcoPro
Address:
Auroville Consulting
Saracon, Kottakarai, Irumbai
Auroville, Tamil Nadu 605111 India
Tel: +91 (0) 413 262 2571
info@aurovilleconsulting.com
www.aurovilleconsulting.com

CONTENTS
1
2
3
4
5
5 - 8
DOCUMENTING ALEAP 9 - 23
24 - 39
Chapters Pages
40 - 199
199 - 216
GUIDELINES FOR
MASTER PLANNING
GUIDELINES FOR
FUNCTIONAL AREAS
Chapters Pages
ANNEXES
6
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
FOREWORD
216 - 229

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1
FOREWORD

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The Government of India has announced a
National Manufacturing Policy (Nov 2011)
with the objective of enhancing the share of
manufacturing in GDP to 25% within a decade
and creating 100 million jobs. The policy sup-ports
clean/green/energy efficient and envi-ronment-
friendly technologies, and resource
efficient measures. The policy promotes inte-grated
industrial townships, known as the Na-tional
Investment and Manufacturing Zones
(NIMZs) with atleast 5,000 Ha area, and calls
for preparation of environment friendly Devel-opment
Plans. Major environmental aspects
are required to be taken care of in the NIMZ in
the beginning itself by having proper zoning
during Master Planning.
Preparation of environment-friendly Devel-opment
Plans or Site Master Plans for the
manufacturing zones or the industrial parks
requires integration of clean/green/energy
efficient and environment-friendly technolo-gies.
This requires further clarification on
what are these clean/green/energy efficient
and environment-friendly technologies and
what are the guidelines and standards that
are to be considered while preparing the De-velopment
Plans or Site Master Plans. The
Policy itself has no clarifications on this as-pect.
It has broadly said that water conserva-tion
measures a must, viz. water audits, waste
water treatment, rainwater harvesting, and
renewable energy usage and green buildings
are a must. Also, it says that Inter ministeri-al
“Green Manufacturing Committee” will be
formed which will fix criteria for “Clean and
Green Technologies”.
The draft National Water Policy (2012), brought
out by the Ministry of Water Resources of the
Government of India, talks of industries having
obligation to recycle/ reuse water in all water-short-
regions and that the industries will be
allowed to withdraw only the make up water.
Also, the sources of water and water bodies
will not be allowed to get polluted. Also, the
ground waters will have to be protected.
The National Action Plan on Climate Change
has the following relevant missions for plan-ning
of new industrial parks or manufactur-ing
zones: National Solar Mission, National
Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency and
National Water Mission. The national minimal
environmental standards for industry sectors
and the ambient air/water/noise standards
as set under the Environment (Protection) Act,
1986 are to be complied with.
The Green SEZ Rating System for Industrial Es-tates
brought out by the Indian Green Build-ing
Council (IGBC) has considered a few of the

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criteria, viz. site preservation and restoration,
reduced use of fossil fuels, energy efficiency,
water efficiency, handling of solid waste, ma-terials
& resources and innovation & design
process. The Indian Green Building Coun-cil
(IGBC) has also rating for “Green Factory
Buildings” and “Green Buildings”.
The “Comprehensive Environmental Pollution
Indexing” (CEPI) for Industrial Estates brought
out by the Central Pollution Control Board was
used to identify critically polluted industrial
estates based on “pollutants” (Toxins. Prob-able
carcinogens, known carcinogens), “path-way”
(ambient pollutant concentration – criti-cal,
high, moderate, low) and “receptor” (no.
of people effected, level of exposure, addi-tional
risks due to ecologically/socially sensi-tive
area).
The ASEM Programme of GIZ (formerly GTZ)
has made several pilot attempts for planning
and developing eco industrial parks in India
(ref. publication on “Pathway to Eco Indus-trial
Development in India”, GIZ, Oct 2012).
The document has references to concepts
and cases on site suitability assessment, en-vironmental
impact assessment, Site Master
Planning, transformation of existing industrial
parks, waste management, common effluent
treatment plants, disaster risk management,
climate change mitigation & adaptation etc.
A well planned and designed Industrial Park is
expected to result in:
• A Site Master Plan that integrates sustain-ability
aspects (e.g., social, economic and
environmental considerations).
• Innovative and viable technical solutions
in areas of waste water, storm water,
wastes, ecological landscapes, energy ef-ficiency/
renewable energy, green build-ings
etc. for upcoming industrial parks.
• Address issues of environment protection
(e.g., decreased emissions, wastewater
and waste; reduction of potential negative
environmental impacts), climate change
(adaptation & mitigation), resource effi-ciency
(e.g., reduced usage of natural re-sources,
viz. water, materials, energy), and
renewable energy & energy efficiency.
• Integrate cost effective common infra-structure
and services in the Industrial
Park, including the special requirements
of different groups, such as gender, differ-ently-
abled, etc.
• Use management structures for collective
resource and service management within
the industrial park.
A research and pilot work on preparing envi-ronment-
friendly Development Plans or Site

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Master Plans for upcoming industrial parks
to showcase integration of clean/green/en-ergy
efficient and environment-friendly tech-nologies
at the planning stage itself is a much
needed effort.
A team of national and international experts
with several years of standing experience in
applied research and collaboration services
were brought together for this task. Auroville,
which has won international acclaim for its
efforts in environmental sustainability, has
tried and tested several concepts that could
very well be integrated into planning of new
industrial parks and manufacturing zones.
These include wastewater treatment, green
buildings, building materials, renewable en-ergy
systems, efficient rain water harvesting,
landscaping/ afforestation, waste manage-ment
etc. Five Units from Auroville have been
invovled in this research: Auroville Consulting,
Center for Scientific Research, EcoPro, Auro-ville
Design Consultants, Auroservice and
Botanical Garden.

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2
DOCUMENTING ALEAP

2
Page 10 / 229
DOCUMENTING
ALEAP
In a Green Industrial Park (GIP) businesses
cooperate with each other and with the local
community in an attempt to reduce waste and
pollution, share resources (such as informa-tion,
materials, water, energy, infrastructure,
and natural resources) efficiently, and help
achieve sustainable development, with the
aim of increasing economic gains and improv-ing
environmental quality.
A GIP may also be planned, designed, and
built in such a way that it makes it easier for
businesses to co-operate, and that results
in a more financially sound, environmentally
friendly project for the developer. In such a
case, the goal is to improve the economic per-formance
of participating companies while
minimizing their environmental impact. The
combined environmental, economic and so-cial
benefit will be more than the benefits of
any individual company.
Andhra Pradesh is one of the leading industri-alized
States in India, with the Andhra Pradesh
Industrial Infrastructure Corporation Ltd. (API-IC)
alone owning more than 300 industrial
parks. When these industrial developments
were originally planned, resource protection
and energy conservation were not at the fore-front
of design decisions and planning priori-ties.
The potential for using renewable energy
resources was untapped and energy manage-ment
concepts were still being experimented.
Taking into consideration the recent focus on
global warming, climate change and empha-sis
on creating socially responsible sustain-ability
principles, the Government of Andhra
Pradesh and its implementing organization –
the Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure
Corporation (APIIC) – are promoting the con-cept
of introducing green industrial parks as
the way forward. APIIC has also been working
in close collaboration with the Association of
Lady Entrepreneurs of Andhra Pradesh (ALE-AP)
to promote upliftment of women and em-powerment
through establishing Small and
Medium Enterprises. ALEAP developed the
first Women Entrepreneur’s Industrial Estate
in India at Gajularamaram, near Hyderabad in
Ranga Reddy District of Andhra Pradesh. Fol-
AUROSERVICE

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lowing that, the organization was involved in
establishing another multi-product industrial
cluster for women entrepreneurs with a focus
in Food Processing at Nunna near Vijayawada
(Andhra Pradesh).
ALEAP’s most recent venture envisions creat-ing
a multi-product “Green Industrial Park” in
Nandigama village near Hyderabad. The en-visioned
Nandigama Green Industrial Park,
which covers 78 acres of land, is envisioned
to be a model sustainable industrial park that
provides a conducive environment for wom-en
entrepreneurs and employs state-of-the
technologies, including clean technologies,
renewable energy technologies, environmen-tal
technologies and cost-effective common
infrastructure.
Under the Indo German Environment Partner-ship
(IGEP) Programme of the Indo German
Bilateral Development Cooperation, Deutsche
Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenar-beit
(GIZ), is providing technical support to
ALEAP on the Nandigama Green Industrial
Park project. Auroville Collaborative was re-tained
by Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Interna-tionale
Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) to provide tech-nical
assistance for the Nandigama site as a
pilot research project. The overall goal of the
project is to undertake research and pilot work
on preparing environment-friendly strategic
master plans for upcoming industrial parks to
showcase integration of clean/green/energy
efficient and environment-friendly technolo-gies
at the planning stage itself.
The Nandigama GIP will be planned, designed,
and operated to fulfil the following goals:
• Create a functional Green Industrial Park
for women entrepreneurs at Nandigama
(A.P.) for 190 enterprises over 78 acres.
• Promote environmental restoration and
rehabilitation of the Park and surrounding
region
• Disseminate the experience gained
through designing, developing and oper-ating
the Nandigama Eco Industrial Estate
by conducting workshops and seminars.
• Aid in the replication of similar Industrial
Estates in India.
Project Team: Integrated Systems Planning
Approach
Conceived as an integrated systems-based
planning project, the Nandigama Green In-dustrial
Park project involved assembling a
multi-disciplinary team that provided ALEAP
with a comprehensive set of creative solu-tions
from the inception of the project. The
following table illustrates the different roles.

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ALEAP: Project holder for the 78-acre Nan-digama
site
Murthy & Manyam: Architects and Engineers
on-record for the project
GIZ: Technical Advisors to ALEAP on incorpo-rating
sustainability concepts into the plan-ning
process
Auroville Collaborative: Technical consultant
to GIZ
Auroville Collaborative’s role as part of this as-signment
included proposing guidelines and
parameters that assisted GIZ in promoting
eco-industries as a model for development in
other Indian cities with the goal of achieving
the following objectives:
• Recommending new policies or regula-tions
to support implementation e.g., de-sign
guidelines, site planning parameters,
operations and management principles;
• Prototyping a state-of-the-art industrial
Site Master Plan as a best practice;
• Demonstrating innovative and viable tech-nical
solutions for future feasibility studies;
• Addressing issues of environment protec-tion,
climate change, resource conserva-tion
and efficiency & renewable energy;
• Integrating cost effective common infra-structure
and services; and
• Serving as a catalyst to develop the base-line
guidelines for formulating a Green
Rating system for industrial parks in the
future.
In order to fulfil these objectives, Terms of
Reference were prepared for each of area of
study listed below, and accordingly a team of
experts were brought together to work collab-oratively
with GIZ on this project. The experts
represented the following disciplines:
• Industrial planning and site master plan-ning
• Energy master planning and system de-sign
for solar PV (e.g., energy efficient
buildings, solar street lamps, centralised
solar power plant, solar applications in in-dividual
building, solar heating systems,
solar pumps etc.)
• Water and waste water management, in-cluding
recycle and reuse
• Rainwater harvesting and storm water
control
• Ecological landscaping and organic farms
• Waste management, including conversion
to useful products
• Green buildings and building materials

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Planning Process
From the inception of the project, a consulta-tive
process with all the stakeholders includ-ing
ALEAP, future tenants of the industrial
park, GIZ and Murthy & Manyam was adopted
by the Auroville Collaborative team. The Nan-digama
ALEAP master planning project was
conducted in three main phases as described
below:
Phase I: Visioning and Site Reconnaissance
The initial phase entailed undertaking vision-ing
sessions, site inventory, locational analy-sis,
site suitability assessment, and under-standing
the potential physical, social and
environmental impacts of the project. The
phase also included undertaking a through
data collection exercise from various agen-cies
and understanding the gaps and consis-tencies
in available data with respect to prin-ciples
of integrated systems based planning.
Phase II: Formulating Guiding Framework
Based on preliminary data analysis, site ob-servations
and interaction with stakeholders,
this phase focussed on establishing project
boundaries and formulating broad guiding
principles for the various functional aspects
influencing the site.
Phase III: Planning and Design Strategies
The final phase of the ALEAP Nandigama
Green Industrial Park ventured into develop-ing
site planning alternatives taking into con-sideration
the competing goals of achieving
economic viability through maximization of
saleable plots and ensuring application of
sustainable guidelines formulated in the ear-lier
phase.
Limitations
While the project scope was conceived with
ambitious goals focussed on testing the ap-plication
of principles governing the develop-ment
of Eco-Industrial Parks in India, during
the course of the project it was realized that
several decisions had already been taken by
the project holders that was more suited for
adopting principles of green industries rather
than strictly adhering to the concept of Eco-
Industrial Parks (EIPs). EIPs are typically cen-tred
on industrial ecology principles and by-product
exchanges that were not aligned with
ALEAP’s envisioned tenant mix. Other limita-tions
related to the project included:
• Site Selection: The Nandigama site was
selected prior to the inception of the mas-ter
planning process resulting in conflicts
with efforts to integrate sustainable prin-ciples
with the overall vision of the Green

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Industrial Park and its relationship to its
larger context.
• Data Availability: A systems based plan-ning
approach is typically data-centric in
its application. Lack of accurate data and
timing of availability for required data was
a serious limitation during the various
stages of the project.
• Tenant Mix: This was predetermined for
the first phase of site development. While
a high-level analysis of the industries
and its impacts in terms of transporta-tion
needs, waste generated and water
usage requirements was performed, the
processes for these industries to interact
with each other in terms of by-product ex-change
or the type of pollutants that might
be produced could not be undertaken.
• Land Assemblage and Site Boundaries:
Often in real estate developments, land
acquisition and assemblage of land poses
a problem in the development cycle. On
the Nandigama site, there were similar
issues with acquisition as the site bound-ary
constantly changing due to delays in
planned land purchases over the course of
the project.
Phase I: Visioning and Site Reconnaissance
The following section discusses the activities
conducted as part of Phase I for the Nandiga-ma
project. During this phase, interactions
with involved stakeholders including the po-tential
tenants, ALEAP management, GIZ, Mur-thy
& Manyam, and experts associated with
the project were undertaken. The purpose was
to compile all data available and conduct user
surveys prior to establishing guiding princi-ples
for the various functional components.
Refining the Vision
The first step in the master planning process
for the Nandigama site was to validate and
further refine the vision established for the
proposed Park, and for each individual func-tional
area. This was accomplished by review-ing
the Vision of the Park as set by ALEAP, and
by framing a more refined statement that in-corporated
the essence of the women entre-preneurship
and sustainable development
goals into one succinct statement.
The Original Vision statement for the Park (as
given by ALEAP & GIZ) was “The Green Indus-trial
Park, Nandigama is envisioned to be a
model Green Industrial Park that provides a
conducive environment for women entrepre-neurs
and employs state-of-the art technolo-gies,
including clean technologies, renewable

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energy technologies, environmental technolo-gies
and cost-effective common infrastructure.”
This was refined as “Empowering women by
creating safe, supportive and replicable entre-preneurial
environments that foster integral
sustainability, collective prosperity, innova-tion
and adaptability to local cultures.”
Goal Setting for Functional Areas
Based on the refined vision statement, the
project team identified overarching goals for
each of the nine “functional” areas or plan-ning
components. These included:
Master Planning
a. Goal: Urban planning aimed at conserva-tion
of resources through passive design
strategies.
b. Strategy:
• Planning informed by geophysical condi-tions
in and around the site
• Contextual integrity; cultural, social, net-works
and infrastructure
• Integrative systems; human and environ-mental
• Flexible and adaptive solutions
• Energy
a. Goal: Achieve a sustainable Energy Neutral
or Energy Positive Industrial Park.
b. Strategy:
• Apply principles of the Energy Pyramid
(need vs. greed, energy conservation, en-ergy
efficiency, energy sourcing)
• Distributed generation from renewable en-ergy
sources
• Energy security
Built Environment
a. Goal: Low impact design with multi func-tionality
of space and efficiency of micro site
planning
b. Strategy:
• Climatically efficient design
• Low embodied energy materials
• Local building material and technology,
being informed by vernacular principles
• Maximizing human resources in imple-mentation
Social Services
a. Goal: Gender sensitive social support sys-tem
including security, health, education and
family welfare
b. Strategy:
• Provision of onsite facilities for education
and health including adult education
• Door-to-door transportation facility with
the last mile covered
• Onsite child care up to primary school level
• Insurance for health care and parental
support system

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• Workplace safety
• Paralegal support services
• Networking and partnership with local NGOs
Water
a. Goal: To achieve a positive water balance
with zero environmental impact
b. Strategy:
• Zero discharge of toxic substances to the
environment
• Total recycling and reuse
• Efficient onsite management of water re-sources
• Integration with the larger area for impact
management
Ecological Landscaping
a. Goal: To create a landscape that is ecologi-cally
integrated with the regional environmen-tal
parameters, requiring minimal input for its
maintenance.
b. Strategy:
• Landscaping that draws predominantly on
local species
• Integrate bio resources required for pro-duction
• Integrate other functional areas, such as
farming and water management
• Aesthetic values and ecological productivity
Waste Management
a. Goal: Near zero waste generation and safe
disposal
b. Strategy:
• Maximizing reuse and recycling technologies
• Creating closed loop resource cycles
• Making productive and hygienic use of
biological waste
• Regenerative procurement and manufac-turing
processes
• Avoiding processes that lead to by-prod-ucts
that are difficult to re-use and recycle
• Zero discharge of toxic waste
Organic Farming
a. Goal: Agricultural production based on or-ganic
and sustainable farming principles inte-grated
into the landscape and site activities.
b. Strategy:
• Biodiversity (strategies such as crop rota-tion
and crop association)
• Maximum reuse of biological resources
and bio wastes (on-site composting, fer-mentation,
mulching)
• Water saving practices (by means of irriga-tion
techniques and choice of low water
demanding crops)
• User participation
• Aiming at socio-economic relevance (of
crop choice and quality)

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Park Management
a. Goal: Leadership that believes in the ALEAP
vision and ensures supportive and effective
management that is inclusive, transparent
and fair.
b. Strategy:
• To devise a management structure that al-lows
for the manifestation and evolution
of the Vision.
• Proactive long-term infrastructure and fa-cilities
planning
• Vision and Values driven recruitment pro-cesses
• Human Resources Strategy that focuses
on attraction, retention and development
of key personnel
• To explore common / shared services for
the participants in the Park
Field Visits
The project team conducted two site visits (in
April 2013 and July 2013) to gain a better un-derstanding
of the physical conditions, trans-portation
connections, access, nature of the
surrounding uses, and informal interviews
with residents from nearby villages during dif-ferent
seasons (pre-monsoon and monsoon).
Based on these field visits, a detailed set of
observations and queries were shared with
the project holders.
Data Collection, Mapping and Analysis
In order to make the guidelines as site specific
as possible, detailed data requirements were
sent to the client team early on in the project
(Refer Annexure). However, the quality of data
that was received was found to be highly inac-curate
and not to the level of detail that was
needed to justify proposing sound recommen-dations
at the site level.
Following data collection, a detailed mapping
exercise was conducted to analyse the vari-ous
contextual relationships of the site with
its surroundings. Historic evolution of the site
and its surroundings, regional transportation
connections and its position within the larger
Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Au-thority
area were also analysed to better un-derstand
the dynamics between the site and
it’s surrounding. (Refer Annexure)
After the mapping exercise, a detailed analy-sis
in the following elements was conducted
using a SWOT Analysis method (Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats)
• Regional Context
• Regulatory Context
• Existing Conditions- Physical + Environ-mental
Context
• Proposed Industry / Development Mix
• Proposed Site Plan Analysis

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• Infrastructure Analysis
• Management / O&M / Financing Consider-ations
Establishing Boundary Conditions
Taking the data reliability and accuracy is-sues
into consideration and the preliminary
analysis conducted earlier, the project team
engaged in establishing boundary conditions
for the site that served as assumptions, limi-tations
and “guesstimates” for developing the
guidelines for the project.
• Socio Economic factors
- Size of workforce in Industry
- Movement of traffic in the Park
• Management factors
- Number and type of industry
- Service requirement
• Environmental factors
- Water requirement
- Waste water discharge
- Waste output
- Renewable energy supply and demand
These were formulated using data shared by
ALEAP, previous experience of the consultants
in similar areas of work, national standards
available through journals and inline docu-ments
as well as through guestimates. The
number of industries of each toxicity level
was also limited as given below:
High level of toxicity
• E.g. Paints, dyes, solvents, pharmaceuti-cals,
etc.
• Limited to 10% of the EIP
• 15-20 plots
Medium level of toxicity
• E.g. Glass, packaging, warehousing, engi-neering,
etc.
• Limited to 20% of the EIP
• 30-40 plots
Low level of toxicity
• E.g. Herbal, food and juice, textile, etc.
• ~ 60% of the EIP
• 90-100 plots
Green industries and amenities
• E.g. Organic gardening & farming, green
areas, (vermi) composting, etc.
• At least 10% of the EIP
• 15-20 plots plus demarcated area
A summary of the Boundary Conditions is giv-en
below, and a detailed version is presented
in the Annexure to this document.

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COMPARATIVE BASE LINE FIGURES FOR INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
se.no items M&M ppt Aleap info anaylsis Auroville
1 plot area in m2 315,652.00 289,879.00
2 number of plots 140 69 165
3 number of 840 m2 plots 165
4 number of 1680 m2 plots
5 ground coverage inside plot 60%
6 floor space Index 1.5
7 number of enterprises 50 50
8 population in industry 12000 1746 7500
9 population in service 1500
10 population in residences 1000
11 water requirement (litres/ day) 1062000 1153000
12 sewage (litres per day) 348000 773900
13 solid waste (tons per day) 1118 174.85
14 trucks (trips per day) 283 515
15 two wheelers per day 490 3,500.00
16 four wheelers per day 177 430.00
17 energy production per day 6.58 MW
18 energy consumption per annum 6.58 MW
Table 2.1

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Phase II: Formulating Guiding Framework
In Phase II of the planning process, learnings
from the previous phases with respect to proj-ect
objectives, vision statements, stakeholder
meetings, site observations, data findings
and established site boundaries were col-lated
and shared with the various functional
area experts to draft a set a guidelines that
could be used as overarching principles in
developing master planning alternatives, de-sign
solutions and implementation strategies
in the final phases. The following section dis-cusses
briefly the topics covered in the func-tional
guidelines with the actual guidelines
presented in Chapters 3 and 4.
Purpose and Content of the Guidelines
The guidelines aimed at providing an integrat-ed
set of principles and measures to guide
the development of the Nandigama Green
Industrial Park project. These guidelines are
an important tool that the project architects
(Murthy & Manyam) and project holders (ALE-AP)
were requested to follow while finalizing
the site master plan with a goal of aligning it
with the principles of developing ‘green’ in-dustries.
Guidelines were formulated in the following
areas that were applicable at the site-level:
1. Master Planning
2. Site Layout
3. Mobility
4. Open Space Management
5. Building Envelope Design
6. Waste Water Management
7. Surface Water Management
8. Solid Waste Management
9. Ecological Landscaping
10. Organic Farming
11. Energy
12. Management
Furthermore, functional guidelines for de-tailed
design of physical elements were also
proposed for the following topics:
1. Amenities
2. Plot-level buildings
3. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
4. Fencing
5. Management Guidelines
6. Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment
7. Signage
8. Wastewater Treatment
9. Tenant Guidelines

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Phase III: Planning and Design Strategies
Based on the functional guidelines, the proj-ect
team was also involved in reviewing the
Master Plan proposed by the architects and
in providing technical input for incorporat-ing
sustainable development into the final
design. The process went through several it-erations
and involved design “charettes” or
workshops with the project holders and the
design team.
Critique of Preliminary Master Plan
Before the Auroville Collaborative team came
on-board as technical consultants, Murthy &
Manyam, the project architects, had already
prepared a preliminary master plan for the
Nandigama site. The assembled team of ex-perts
reviewed the initial proposal by apply-ing
different layers of the functional areas
identified in the previous phases. The find-ings
of the team were shared over several
meetings with the clients and the project ar-chitects,
and the development programme
was updated accordingly. Key critiques of the
preliminary master plan were focussed on the
lack of attention given to the site’s natural
features such as the nalla and consideration
of the site’s overall drainage patterns in iden-tifying
utility infrastructure facilities. Annex-ure
G contains the critique provided for the
preliminary site plan.
Preliminary Cost Estimates
Building upon the boundary recommenda-tions
established in Phase II, as well as a re-view
of the initial development programme
and conceptual site plan, a preliminary cost
estimate was made to gauge the financial im-plications
of introducing a layer of sustainabil-ity
into the basic development programme.
The total project cost amounted to approxi-mately
INR 30 crores, as shown below in the
detailed breakdown.

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Item Amount
Building portion, fully covered, ground plus 2 Rs. 2.28 crores
Services (electrical, wiring, cabling, EMC, fire alarm, etc.) Rs. 0.75 crores
Water (Bore well, OHT, DEWATS, sewerage for irrigation, etc.) Rs. 13.32 crores
Energy (Sub station, street lighting, telecommunications, excluding RETs) Rs. 5.22 crores
Site development (security, weighbridge, etc.) Rs. 6.04 crores
Waste management Rs. 0.60 crores
Consultancy Rs. 1.70 crores
Total Rs. 29.89 crores
Cost per m2 for site development Rs. 1031
Cost per ft2 for site development Rs. 96
Table 2.2

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Master Planning Charette: Alternative Analysis
Following the initial review of the conceptual
master plan, ALEAP was successfully able to
purchase additional land parcels adjoining
the site that called for changes to the master
plan. A 2-day working charette was organ-ised
in Auroville with GIZ, Murthy & Manyam,
ALEAP and the Auroville Collaborative team to
brainstorm alternatives for accommodating
the required 165 industrial plots on the site
from an economic viability perspective while
at the same time balancing the environmental
and social goals for the project. At the end of
the visit, the design team formulated a revised
detailed development programme with a pre-ferred
development scenario. This was further
refined by Murthy & Manyam based on exist-ing
local regulations and detailed site geom-etry
and sent back to the Auroville Collabora-tive
team for review and comments. Chapters
3 and 4 contain the final recommendations
provided by the team to the client and project
architects.

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3
MASTER PLANNING

3
Page 25 / 229
Guidelines for Sustainable Development
The following guidelines provide an integrat-ed
the development of a provisional master plan
for the Association of Lady Entrepreneurs at
Andhra Pradesh (ALEAP) at the Nandigama
site. These guidelines are an important tool
that the architects and ALEAP are invited to
follow when refining the existing master plan
for the site, in order to align it with the prin-ciples
of creating an eco-industrial estate.
The following have not been considered while
framing these guidelines:
1. Ground water investigations (i.e. the stra-tigraphy
report)
2. Boundaries and survey maps of the addi-tional
land which are to be integrated in
the master plan
3. Clarification on the 18 m-wide road run-ning
through the site as per the plans
shared
A tentative list of industries expected to be
included in the site consists of the following:
dyes, engineering, food and juice, glass, herb-al
products, paints and solvents, paper and
packaging, pharma and labs, textile, ware-housing.
The guidelines are presented under the fol-lowing
headers, with cross links where appli-cable:
idelines for Sustainable Development ge
• Master Planning
• Site Layout
• Mobility
• Open Space Management
• Building Envelope Design
• Waste Water Management
• Surface Water Management
• Solid Waste Management
• Ecological Landscaping
• Organic Farming
• Energy
• Management
Master Planning
Certain tests and surveys of the site and the
surrounding area are critical for master plan-ning
and design making, as well as for under-standing
the implications on project costs
early in the planning process
1. Topography
Understanding topography is essential for
MASTER PLANNING
AUROVILLE CONSULTING
AUROSERVICE
AUROVILLE BOTANICAL SERVICES
AUROVILLE COLLABORATIVE
AUROVILLE DESIGN CONSULTANTS
CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH
ECOPRO

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placement of buildings, planning for drainage,
and minimization of earthwork.
• Create an elevation model of the site
along with the contour map (25 cm) to un-derstand
the site’s slope characteristics
(steepness and slope length).
• Map the micro- and macro-drainage chan-nels
to produce a slope area map in or-der
to identify potential critical areas of
erosion, rainwater harvesting tanks and
ponds with percolation points.
2. Soil Testing
Sustainable water resource management,
landscape design, and land use distribution
on site are dependent on soil tests.
Conduct and obtain test results on the exist-ing
soils that show chemical/biological com-position,
percolation/drainage rates, infiltra-tion
rates, and contamination data.
3. Existing Vegetation Surveys
Minimize site disturbance. Trees and vegeta-tion
are the most fragile parts of the eco sys-tem,
and most susceptible to damage during
construction, therefore they deserve special
attention early in the planning process.
• Identify and map site vegetation during
different seasons on the site and in the
surrounding area.
• Mark significant trees and areas rich with
vegetation that need to be retained, and
resurvey the site, if not demarcated clearly.
4. Existing Land Use Surveys
Identify seasonally productive agricultural
lands in the immediate vicinity, and exist-ing
industrial developments in the adjoining
lands to better understand the impact of de-velopment
on the site and vice versa.
5. Infrastructure Assessment
Identify sources for water supply, wastewater
systems, solid waste disposal and collection
systems, sewage treatment plants, sub-sta-tions
for power.
6. Regulatory Context
• Review the by-laws and regulations to
determine the setbacks, parking require-ments,
and the required natural buffers
with shelter belt plantations for the Nalla.
• Conduct Environmental Impact Assess-ment
(EIA) studies for the site.
7. Socio-Economic Context
• Conduct a socio-economic survey of Nan-digama
and other surrounding villages to
understand the following components, at
a minimum:
• Workforce composition, availability and
skill levels for potential employment, trav-

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el behaviour patterns of the workforce
• Site Layout
8. Develop an Integrated Land Use Strategy
• Allocate land uses on the site based on
the clustering alternatives, development
envelope and boundary conditions. Clus-tering
alternatives may include:
−− Industries based on their toxicity levels
in terms of waste generation and services
accessibility (see #9 under Site Layout be-low)
−− Shared public facilities based on vis-ibility
and access to visitors and users (see
#10 under Site Layout below)
−− Residential uses and affordable hous-ing
for workforce (see #10 under Site Lay-out
below)
−− Education and training facilities (see
#10 under Site Layout below)
−− Utilities and services including facili-ties
for parking, water, waste, energy, tele-communications,
transport, security, recy-cling
facilities (see #10 under Site Layout
below)
−− Mixed uses, such as residential + of-fice/
industries + office
−− Open space + recreation (active and
passive)
• Preserve and improve productive agricul-tural
soil, and identify potential locations
for gardens.
• Include agro-eco-industrial units as part of
the Nandigama site.
• Allow flexibility of phased development
and future expansion through adequate
land reservation for future extension of
roads, open space and supporting facili-ties.
Plan for long-term expansion oppor-tunities
on undeveloped lands abutting
the site.
• Limit outdoor storage areas to the rear and
side areas, screened from main entrances
and streets.
• Minimize building footprint to the maxi-mum
extent possible.
• Identify activities along the site edges that
respond to the existing surrounding uses
such as the RC Cola facility and seasonal
agricultural lands (see #4 Master Planning).
9. Clustering industries based on toxicity lev-els
of waste generated could be as follows:
• High level of toxicity - e.g. paints, dyes,
solvents, pharmaceuticals, etc.
−− Limited to 10% of the EIP
−− 15-20 plots
• Medium level of toxicity - e.g. glass, pack-aging,
warehousing, engineering, etc.
−− limited to 20% of the EIP
−− 30-40 plots
−− Low level of toxicity - e.g. herbal, food

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and juice, textile, etc.
−− ~ 60% of the EIP
−− ~ 90-100 plots
• Green industries and amenities - e.g. or-ganic
gardening and farming, green areas,
(vermi) composting, etc.
- At least 10% of the EIP
- 15-20 plots plus demarcated area
10. Consider non-industry clusters as follows
• Cluster based on need for visibility: in-clude
a business center, a space for out-door
events, and cafeteria for visitors, etc.
sited near the main entry.
• Cluster focusing on the upkeep of the park:
includes service sites for the municipal
services such as management of roads,
water, waste, energy, telecommunications,
transport, security, etc.
• Cluster requiring a silent environment: in-cludes
low-cost accommodation for the
workforce, guesthouses for visitors, train-ing
facility for vocational training pro-grams,
crèche/play school, etc.
11. Define development envelope
• Prepare a development envelope for the
site by identifying the following compo-nents:
−− Identification of buildable areas
−− Setbacks
−− Productive agricultural areas based on
soil composition
−− Buffers from natural features and other
protected areas - planting of shelter belt
for 20 mt. from the Nalla on either side is
recommended (also see #25 under Eco-logical
Landscaping)
−− dentifying protected areas
−− Topographic features
−− Existing vegetation and trees
−− Steep slopes
−− Natural drainage areas
−− Site orientation for day lighting / venti-lation
and reduction of heat islands
12. Minimize site disturbance
• Reduce limits of clearing and grading to
areas that have lower impact in terms of
hydrologic functions and avoid develop-ing
areas with high infiltration rates.
• Avoid removal/clearing of mature trees
and vegetation while laying out built-up
areas (see #3 under Master Planning).
• Minimize impervious surfaces/areas on
site.
• Maintain existing topography and associ-ate
natural drainage flows.
• Integrate storm water management drain-age
system into the overall circulation net-work
of the site in the form of location of
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roadways, and location of open spaces
(see #21 under Surface Water Manage-ment).
• Control soil erosion, contamination and
sedimentation caused by storm water run-off
during construction phase (see #21 un-der
Surface Water Management).
• Clearly define and limit development to
the construction access route/area, stor-age
and parking areas (see #18 under
Open Space Management).
• Collect/store and protect topsoil in areas
designated for development to be re-used
for landscaping (see #18 under Open
Space Management and #23 under Eco-logical
Landscaping).
Mobility
13. Ensure Regional and Local Connectivity
• Accommodate a bus stop and a pedestri-an
access point near the main access road
providing easy access to regional bus ser-vice
based on travel behaviour patterns of
the workforce (see #7 under Master Plan-ning).
• Consider an employee shuttle service to
minimize the demand for parking on site
in order to accommodate personal vehicles
based on travel behaviour patterns of the
workforce (see #7 under Master Planning).
14. Prioritize Pedestrian and Cycling Infra-structure
• Create a hierarchy of pedestrian, vehicular
and service access roads to minimize con-flicts
between the different vehicle types
and modes of transport.
−− Principal roads should be provided by
dual two-lane standards, with each car-riage
way at least 7.30 mt in width.
−− Width on curves of radius less than
150 mt. to be at least 7.90 mt.
−− A solid landscaped median of at least
3 mt. in width should be provided.
−− The minimum width of footpaths to cater
for pedestrian flow on site should be 3.0 mt.
• Establish a shaded and inter-connected
network for pedestrians and bicycles com-posed
of trails, walkways, cycling lanes
and sidewalks, preferably along natural
drainage and slope areas.
• Provide multiple (and controlled) pedes-trian
entry points to the site allowing for
easy access for the workforce from the
surrounding villages.
• Provide secure, weather-protected bicycle
parking areas (i.e. within 200 metres of a
building) for building occupants based on
travel behaviour patterns of the workforce

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(see #7 under Master Planning).
• Accommodate amenities that encourage
pedestrian movement, such as benches,
street trees, waste receptacles, pedestri-an-
scaled street lighting, shelter at public
areas and curb cuts for accessibility to ar-terial
and collector roads or all roads.
• Locate food and other related kiosks along
pedestrian-only zones to avoid conflicts in
movement of vehicles and people.
• Pedestrian routes should be shaded with
avenue trees of indigenous shade-pro-viding
species (see #24 under Ecological
Landscaping) interspersed with hard land-scaping,
comprising of benches, street
lighting and accessible curbs for the phys-ically
challenged, with raised pedestrian
crossing and tactile paving for the visually
challenged.
• Incorporate design features such as per-meable
pavers in pedestrian access, park-ing
and lay-abouts with storm water drain-age
provisions including bio-swales to
reduce storm water runoff (see #21 under
15. Internal Circulation and Access Management
• Site circulation patterns must provide
more than one entry point for delivery
trucks that are accessible from the main
regional access routes.
• Provide well-defined access for emer-gency
vehicles (fire and ambulance) and
unblocked access to individual sites.Use
the planned permanent roads as the con-struction
access route (see #12 under Site
Layout).
16. Truck and Freight
• Provide service roads to relieve conges-tion
created by queuing trucks and on-site
loading and unloading, based on varied
needs of industries.
• Identify more than one entry/exit point
and parking areas for trucks, preferably
concentrated along the periphery of the
site, in order to avoid access of trucks
through the site.
• Separate employee parking from truck
routes, so that employees can access the
facility without conflicting with delivery
and receiving routes.
• Set aside sufficient land in the parking ar-eas
to allow for queuing of loaded vehicles
and empty vehicles, truck wash areas, me-chanical
bays, and weigh station queuing.
• Consider providing a fleet of non-polluting
delivery vehicles as a service to the indus-tries
for movement of goods between the
industry and truck parking area(s).

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17. Parking
• Determine the modal split (persons ar-riving
at the site by different transport
modes) based on travel behaviour pat-terns
of the workforce (see #7 under Mas-ter
Planning) in order to assess require-ments
and design of parking areas. Design
of non-freight parking spaces should give
priority to bicycles, two-wheelers, and
then four-wheelers.
• Determine maximum truck parking re-quirements
based on industry needs and
requirements stipulated in the by-laws.
Most of the maximum parking require-ments
are typically excessive and could
be adjusted by introducing well-designed
overflow parking areas.
• Minimize the size of parking facilities and
avoid large barren areas while providing
tree cover to avoid heat island effect.
• Include sustainable features such as per-meable
pavement, pedestrian connec-tions,
landscaping, trees and applicable
storm water drainage with bio-swales for
water retention systems in parking areas.
Open Space Management
18. Open spaces in the site
• Segregate and protect all planned open
spaces during infrastructure development
to prevent storage of building materials
and/or processing of materials to prevent
contamination of space.
• Design and implementation of all public
green spaces should be taken up simulta-neously
with, if not in advance of, project
implementation so that trees and shrubs
are allowed to grow to a sufficient size
before occupation (also see #23, #24 and
#25 under Ecological Landscaping).
• Construct all surface water drainage (bio-swales),
and rainwater harvesting struc-tures
before roads and other infrastructure
development is undertaken so that soil
humidity and fertility is not compromised.
• Provide for food needs within the Park
by allocating at least 50% of all public
spaces to productive landscaping. Only
indigenous species to be used for avenue
and shade trees; lawns with local grass
as ground cover to be limited to the first
year to stabilize the top soil; subsequently
natural ground cover takeover is
recommended (also see #23 under
Ecological Landscaping and #26 under
Organic farming).
• Use indigenous flowering plants for all
ornamental gardens, in the hedges and
fences to encourage and support bees,
birds and local insects to support bio-di-

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versity of flora and fauna (see #24 under
Ecological Landscaping).
• Grow aquatic plants, fishes and water
edge vegetation in rainwater harvesting
ponds for effective mosquito control and
balance of nutrients in the water (also see
#24 under Ecological Landscaping).
• Follow the natural morphology of the site
while designing hard landscaping such as
feature walls and earth beams.Design the
boundary as a “green fence” using local
thorny shrubs that are drought resistant,
if security curcumstances allow. Minimal
hard fencing can be considered until the
shrubs take over. Tree planting along the
boundary line should respect concerns
of the neighbouring tenants in terms of
shading and roots invasion.
Building Envelope Design
19. Building layout, shape and internal func-tional
flow
• Provide for climatically suitable building
envelope shape and/or orientation for
tropical Wet-Dry climate to reduce opera-tional
energy use (also see #27 under En-ergy).
• Design all apertures for maximum sun
and rain protection in order to minimize
glare and allow the space to be used with
open windows ensuring ventilation. This
will reduce heat intake and reduce cooling
needs while modulating natural lighting
conditions.
• Integrate solar passive features such as
shading of walls, windows and roofs in
order to reduce the temperature differ-ence
between indoor & outdoor temper-atures
by 6-8oC. This will reduce or even
eliminate the need for air-conditioners be-tween
October and March (i.e. 6 months
per year).
• Use building materials and finishes that
have low VOC content and emission, low
embodied energy, minimum carbon miles,
and potential for re-use when dismantled.
• Use sustainably renewable and local
building materials that have minimum
processing and pre-treatment.
• Use solar thermal and solar PV energy on
roof tops, combined with roof shading to
reduce cooling needs (also see #27 under
Energy).
• Design spaces with multifunctional uses,
in order to derive maximum benefit for the
costs invested (lifecycle, as well as real
and monetary costs).
• Maximise sound and air pollution controls
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reduce screening which is counter-pro-ductive
to natural light and ventilation.
Waste Water Management
20. Decentralised Effluent Treatment Plant(s)
• The size, number and location of DEWATS
plants should be determined based on
the number and type of industries, the
clustering methods used, as well as the
industrial processes employed.
• Position the Decentralised Effluent Treat-ment
Plant or Plants (DEWATS) at the low-est
elevation area to allow for maximum
gravity flow and to also avoid electrical
energy for pumping during treatment.
Treated effluent should be supplied for
secondary use as much as possible by a
gravity flow system to re-use the recuper-ated
water for horticulture and orchards.
• Employ a waste water treatment method-ology
based on the characteristics of sub-stances
that need to be addressed along
with appropriate technical solutions com-bined
with Good Ecological Practices viz.
efficient water usage, treatment of waste
water and re-use, and practices related to
solid waste management.
• Ban all toxic effluents (such as biocides,
carcinogenic substances, heavy metals,
any tenacious and non-degradable syn-thetic
substances and mineral oil prod-ucts)
from the sewer system. Treat them in
a separate and independent closed loop
treatment system within the company’s
premises, or alternatively, an expert must
be called upon for advice on manufactur-ing
processes that can replace toxic with
non-toxic substances.
• Establish a waste water exchange plat-form
during the planning phase for the
ETP, to allow for a symbiotic neutralization
of opposite characteristics in waste water:
e.g. acidic and alkaline effluents (pH regu-lation),
hot and cold effluents, or effluent
with high BOD but low COD and vice versa.
There are also known effluents that can
be used as flocculants or pH regulators.
Industry clustering and plot allocation
should be done with due consideration
(also see #8, #9 and #10 under Site Layout).
• Install two separate water distribution sys-tems,
one for drinking water supply, and
the second one for the re-use of recycled
water for flushing and process water.
Surface Water Management
21. Surface water management
Surface water management takes into consid-

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eration the rainfall distribution pattern, water
harvesting in various forms for the re-charge
of the aquifer, through inter-connected open
water bodies, swales, holding tanks and pits.
• Manage different streams of rainwater
separately viz. Rainwater from building
roofs, terraces, paved areas and parking
should be handled separately from rain-water
from natural streams and gullies.
• Conduct a water audit at concept design
and pre-tender stage to better understand
on-site water requirements.
• Provide all industries with a list of water
efficient fixtures along with retail outlets
and price lists; minimize indoor water us-age
by using low flow water fixtures.
• Plant only drought resistant flora and veg-etation,
and prevent any use of potable
water for landscaping. Indigenous plants
such as Vetiver should be planted in areas
which are at risk of soil erosion, especially
in and around gullies and trenches, to al-low
an active soil flora to act as bio media
filter (also see #24 under Ecological Land-scaping).
• Prevent pollution of the aquifer by using
safety zones around infiltration devices
(30mt), sand filtration and first flush de-vices
that are integrated into the rainwater
harvesting infrastructure.
• Avoid roofing materials with zinc-plated
steel, in order to avoid zinc dissolving
with rainwater and entering the rainwater
stream. Use observation wells and water
gauges in all open ponds to evaluate the
performance of the rainwater harvesting
system, and to calculate the Water Bal-ance
(the balance between water con-sumed
and water recharged). Frequent
water analysis will indicate pollution, and/
or scope for improvement.
Solid Waste Management
22. Solid waste management
• Differentiate the waste generated based
on the clustering model employed (see
#8, #9, #10 under Site Layout).
• Prepare a waste stream analysis at concept
design and pre-tender stage, and map the
potential for cycling and re-use of waste
(both on site and with external areas).
• Segregate waste within each plot to the
maximum extent possible:
−− Bio-degradable waste generated by
non-industrial processes should be com-posted
on site before transfer to external
areas.
−− Non-biodegradable waste such as pa-per,
plastic, metals and glass should be
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a demarcated space that is dry and well-ventilated
for collection.
−− Sanitary waste (without plastic com-ponents)
should be segreated for inciner-ation
at a cluster level. A low-tech inciner-ator
should be commissioned, preferably
next to the solid waste sorting and stor-age
facility.
−− Toxic and hazardous waste should be
stored in safe containers within the site
for collection and disposal.
−− Coordinate disposal of bio-medical
waste (for instance from the health center
and first-aid stations), by linking with rele-vant
agencies for collection and disposal.
• Determine the location of waste collection
centers based on the number and type of
industries, as well as the industrial pro-cesses
employed, and waste generated.
• Identify and partner with the local collec-tion/
recycling agencies for waste collec-tion
and disposal. In the absence of such
an agency, relevant micro-enterprises
should be established that also provide a
means of income generation.
Ecological Landscaping
23. Soil and topography
• Give significant inputs to the soil initially
to establish organic farming and garden-ing
plots. In due course, with the estab-lishment
of a perennial green cover, these
inputs will be necessary only to maintain
the productivity of organic agriculture.
• Give special consideration to the topogra-phy
of the land whilst preparing the master
plan. Plots and roads should be levelled
in a manner that deals with the potential
erosion and subsequent sedimentation
loads in the rainwater runoff (also see #21
under Surface Water Management).
• Scrape the topsoil from areas where devel-opment
will occur, and relocate to green -
landscape or farming areas. The value of
good topsoil and the importance of con-serving
it cannot be stressed enough.
• Create a water budget for each plot tak-ing
into account the estimated output of
the STP, along with a sustainable yield
diagnostic of the site ground water. This
budget, presented as budget for virgin
and recycled water, should be allocated
for industrial needs, with the remainder
being available for agriculture and land-scaping
(also see #21 under Surface Water
Management).
• Flag particular niches that need special
attention within the Master Plan, so that
specific plants can be recommended by a
landscaping expert for those areas.

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• Install a green shelter belt around the site
to enhance the environment of the project
(also see #18 under Open Space Manage-ment).
24. Plant species
• List choices of plant species for landscap-ing
within categories such as avenue
trees, shade trees, shelterbelt shrubs/
trees, hedging plants, flowering borders
and ground covers.
• Use plants that add value as follows:
Native plant species that make a positive
contribution to bio diversity conservation,
particularly with reference to pollinators.
Increase awareness of tenants to the ben-efits
of biodiversity, instilling in them a
sensitivity to conservation of biodiversity
−− Drought tolerant species that will re-duce
the use of water resources
−− Plants that have commercial potential
in the preparation of herbal products
−− Pest tolerant species that do not re-quire
toxic chemicals to control them. The
maintenance program must have a clear
reference to pest control, and plant feed-ing
through organic principles. Use of
standard plant species will lead to pest
problems in the future, and require toxic
chemicals to control them which must be
avoided.
25. Nalla
• Make the Nalla the focal landscape point;
it presents opportunities for recreation, in
a similar manner as the presently proposed
“green spine”, as well as for implementing
best practices in water conservation.
• Increase the landholding along the Nalla,
and/or obtain legal control of the land as-sociated
with the Nalla if possible.
Organic Farming
26. On-site activities
• Consider the following activities on site:
−− Develop a few organic gardens that
are ornamental as well as productive in
edible crops and medicinal herbs.
−− Make compost from bio-waste (kitch-en
waste, food waste, from gardening,
from food and herb processing).
−− Prepare mulch from leaf litter.
−− Prepare terra preta from biochar (ex-ternally
purchased), bio-waste and urine.
• Do not use herbicides (such as Roundup
and Glyphosate), pesticides, fungicides
etc. on the site, as well as in and around
the buildings (e.g. against cockroaches,
flies, termites etc.)
• Catch rainwater by allowing surface water
to run off and by collecting it in a few ap-

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propriate sites from where it can percolate
into the aquifer or be used for irrigation.
Initially, “bunding” or dyking are not rec-ommended,
since the soils are rich in clay,
and it may lead to water logging and an-aerobic
soil conditions (also see #21 un-der
• Dispose urine through sub-surface drain-ages
into the garden soil, thereby avoid-ing
costs related to storage and disposal.
• Partner with an experienced local NGO
(such as the Deccan Development Society
or CSA) for educational programs on site
management and organic farming.
Energy
27. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
• Summarize relevant State and National
policies for grid connected energy sys-tems,
and subsidies available for Renew-able
Energy Technologies.
• Conduct a virtual energy audit and pre-pare
a baseline for electrical load and
energy consumption at concept and pre-tender
stage.
• Conduct site assessment with regards to
renewable energy technologies (solar,
wind, biogas etc) and determine on-site
Renewable Energy Capacity.
• Plan for energy production on rooftops
and other underutilized areas to cover at
least all non-process energy requirements
using renewable energy.
• Recommend roof typologies that sup-port
grid tied Solar PV and Solar Thermal
installations. Slanted roofs should be at
17¬0 angle and south-facing for optimal
capture of solar radiation.
• Provide all industries with an on-line di-rectory
of Bureau of Energy Efficiency
(BEE) rated appliances with retail outlets
and price lists. Advocate only low power
density and energy-efficient appliances.
• Plan and design facilities considering
electrical wiring needs for Renewable En-ergy
technologies.
• Light all open spaces using centralized,
grid-tied Solar PV Streetlights to minimize
operations and maintenance costs.
• Focus on energy efficient transmission
and distribution systems.
Management
28. Facilities and revenue generation
• Provide service lanes for trucks and heavy
duty vehicles to freely enter and exit each
industrial plot. Consider more than one
entry point (especially service entries for

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trucks), as well as more than one truck
parking bay, since different industries will
have different transport requirements for
raw materials and finished products (also
see #15 and #16 under Mobility).
• Demarcate an admin block for park man-agement,
common services, a residential
block and public toilets clearly on the
Master Plan.
• Allow for the cycling of waste resources
within the Park, and to external areas as
well. Sale of waste/by-products can be-come
a source of revenue for the Park.
This includes and is not limited to: sale of
scrap metal, sale of paper and plastic to
local vendors, sale/exchange of waste wa-ter
with surrounding agricultural land for
organic produce, etc.
• Make provisions for the following services
(and associated revenue generation mod-els)
as municipal services (costs borne by
the Park), common services (provided by the
park at nominal cost) and collective services
(provided as micro entrepreneurships).
1. Accommodation for workers/visitors
2. Business centre/Exhibition hall
3. Canteens for workers
4. Common security services
5. Common toilets
6. Conference rooms
7. Fire station
8. Garage / mechanics for trucks, two
wheelers
9. Information desk
10. Medical clinic/first aid/health center
11. Optical fiber communications
12. Park & space for outdoor functions
13. Training centre
14. Warehousing / centralized packing
and dispatching unit
15. Waste collection
• Encourage micro-entrepreneurship amongst
the entrepreneurs, some of which are given
below for future reference:
1. Bank/ATM
2. Biogas plant
3. Composting unit
4. Day care / crèche
5. Human resource, financial and ac-counting
services
6. Gardening and landscaping services
7. Grocery shop (fair price)
8. Handmade paper unit
9. Horticulture/floriculture/Terra preta
10. Internet centre
11. Kiosks
12. Legal advisory services
13. Medical clinic/first aid/health center
14. Outdoor functions/event venue
15. Pharmacy
16. Post office, courier services, printing
and DTP services

/ 229
17. Residential block for visitors
18. Restaurants and cafeterias
19. Solar energy through roof top renting
20. Sports club
21. Stationery shop
22. STD telephone booth
23. Supermarket
29. Green rating
• Plan in accordance with the following rat-ing
systems for the site:
−− LEED 2011 Certification for India-Core
& Shell, provided ALEAP controls the de-sign
and construction of the entire core
and shell base building including MEP/FP
systems, and hands over control of the de-sign
and construction of the tenant fit-out.
−− IGBC Green Factory Building rating
system for the individual factories.
−− IGBC Green Landscape rating system
for ecological landscaping.
• Conduct an Environmental Impact Assess-ment
for the site as well as EcoSystem
Services Study for evaluating the develop-mental
impact on the environment.
• Commission a comprehensive Environ-mental
Monitoring Data Management Sys-tem
that provides a central unified dash-board
for managing all data. Publish the
results of the monitoring system in a clear
and transparent manner.

/ 229
4
FUNCTIONAL AREAS

4.1
Page 41 / 229
AMENITIES
Guidelines For Provision Of Amenities In Pub-lic
Spaces
Provision of Amenities for public spaces within
an industrial park is dependent on the following
a. The size of the industrial park i.e; land area
and population
b. The Location of the iIndustrial park, the de-velopment
model and the impact on the region
c. The type of industries, profile of the employ-ees
and the activities undertaken
d. The type of services provided to the users of
the industrial park and co-development with
sharing of amenities within the region
The following guidelines provide an integrated
set of principles and measures to guide the pro-vision
of amenities for the Green Industrial Park
for the Association of Lady Entrepreneurs at
Andhra Pradesh (ALEAP) at the Nandigama site.
Basic Amenities
The basic amenities to be provided are:
1. Parking
2. Public toilets
3. Banks and ATMs
4. Emergency services
1. Parking: Safe and convenient parking
should be juxtaposed between the working
areas and the basic amenities. This will ensure
that people walk to the amenities during their
rest time rather than drive to use the ameni-ties,
thereby reducing traffic. If parking is far
from the basic amenities, then either they will
be underutilized, or they will only be used by
persons who have personal vehicles.
2. Public toilets: All the plots with the industri-al
units should provide toilets and rest rooms
with lockers for their employees and vendors.
At an overall site level, provision of toilets is
essential to meet the needs of visitors. Toilets
must be located in relation to the clustering of
plots to allow for easy access. Location should
ensure that they are visible from street cross-ings
and lanes, with no dead spaces around
them in order to prevent misuse of the space
with littering, dumping and loitering. The pho-tograph
shows a public toilet using bamboo and
recycled wood located along cycling tracks.
AUROVILLE DESIGN
CONSULTANTS

/ 229
Figure 4.1.1

/ 229
3. Banks and ATM’s: They should be provid-ed
in centrally located spaces. Ideally these
should be clustered with allied amenities such
as shops, pharmacies, club house, sports fa-cilities
and housing. The photograph shows a
bank ATM clustered with the parking lot .
4. Emergency services: Primary health servic-es,
fire tender and emergency response sys-tems
should be provided at nodal points
Secondary Amenities
The list of secondary amenities to be provided
are:
1. Crèches
2. Paramedic centre
3. Counselling services
4. Micro financing
Figure 4.1.2
Figure 4.1.3
1. Crèches: Day care centres and nursing moth-ers
care rooms should be centrally located,
thereby allowing easy access. There should be
open spaces attached to these amenities to
accommodate a toddler’s playground. These
amenities should have their own toilets, wash
areas and small pantry so that meals for the
children can be prepared. The surrounding
areas should be quiet and safe, with proper
fencing to prevent children from wandering
out. The photograph shows a day care centre
that is secure
Figure 4.1.4

/ 229
2. Paramedic centre: This is ideally located
near the cluster of ATM / Bank and emergency
services. There should be a clear signage, and
easy access for ambulances. It can be coupled
with a pharmaceutical.
3. Counselling services: This service for trauma
and emotional needs should be incorporated in
the park. It should cater to diverse socio-economic
groups and hence be designed accordingly.
4. Micro financing: This service with a banking
centre and financial counselling should be
provided to help under-educated employees to
open bank accounts and manage their savings.
General Amenities
The general amenities to be provided are:
1. Food services and kiosks
2. Convention centre
3. Indoor fitness centre
4. Guesthouse and dormitories
5. Exhibition and marketing centre
6. Delivery services
Figure 4.1.5
1. Food services to be provided for beverages,
refreshments, snacks, fast food, meals and
take away. These can include
• Food kiosks (with pavement seating) at
cluster level providing hot and cold bever-ages,
snacks for quick breaks
• Canteens that provide subsidized meals
• Restaurants / cafeterias attached to the
convention centre, recreational facilities,
guest houses and dormitories
• Shaded picnic areas with tables and
benches located close to the food kiosks
Figure 4.1.6
Figure 4.1.7

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2. Convention centre with meeting rooms for
common use. The centre should be located
close to the green space, to allow for spill over
during exhibitions. The green spaces could be
used for stalls. The convention centre should
accommodate 250+ participants, and the
meeting rooms should be in 2 to 3 sizes to
accommodate different sized groups. An incu-bation
centre can also be provided with labs
for innovation, prototyping and benchmarking
of new products, systems and services. The
photograph shows a convention centre as an
iconic green building with green roofs, natu-ral
lighting and ventilation. A business centre,
guest house and short terms stay rooms could
be provided within the convention centre to
accommodate the needs of visitors to the centre
3. Indoor fitness centre could be coupled either
with the convention centre or the restaurant /
recreation centre. Walking and jogging tracks
could be provided along the peripheral roads
that are essential for emergency vehicle
access
4. Guest houses and dormitories are needed
for overnight stay from price range of 1 to 3
stars. The restaurant / cafeteria, fitness centre,
library and business centre can be clustered
together as the user profile for most of these ac-tivates
may be generated by the visitors.
Figure 4.1.8
Figure 4.1.9
5. Exhibition and marketing centre could
be combined with the visitor’s information
centre. It should be located close to the main
entrance to allow for maximum foot fall. Space
can also be rented to agencies who would like
to inform, promote and market their goods
and services to the industrial units.
6. Delivery services such as a post office, cou-rier
offices and overnight delivery services
should be provided at various points on the
site to enable efficient pick up and drop off
between the industrial units and the service
provider. They need to be wired with security
devices such as CCTV’s to prevent damage
and pilferages
Figure 4.1.10

/ 229
References
http://www10.aeccafe.com/blogs/
h t t p : / / w w w . g o o g l e . c o . i n /
imgres?imgurl=http://templeuabroad.files.
wordpress.com/
http://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/
mumbai/
http://www.thestar.com/life/food_
http://sae.edu.au/campuses/byron-bay/
http://www.sustainabilitysolutions.ca/
http://www.google.co.in/imgres?
http://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=

4.2
Page 47 / 229
BUILDING
GUIDELINES
Guidelines For Plot Level Building
ALEAP project at Nandigama is planned to
showcase and benchmark sustainable indus-trial
development. Each aspect of the park is
expected to have full consideration of meth-ods
of construction, site layout and building
design to encourage conservation of natural
resources during the construction phase and
for the life of the building.
The following guidelines provide an integrat-ed
the design and construction of buildings at
plot level for the Green Industrial Park for the
Association of Lady Entrepreneurs at Andhra
Pradesh (ALEAP) at the Nandigama site. They
seek to embody sustainable development
principles through practical application.
Chapter Contents
Climate data
Plot level zoning
Building
Building design and articulation
Building orientation
Building envelope
Roof form and orientation
Rain water harvesting and collection
Renewable energy and energy efficiency
Waste management
Building functionality
Zoning
Circulation and work flow
Amenities / facilities
Accessibility
Building materials and technology
Table 4.2.1
Climate data
Climate plays an important role in determin-ing
the design and construction of buildings.
Climate data for the region is given in the fol-lowing
graphs/tables:
AUROVILLE DESIGN
CONSULTANTS

/ 229
Figure 4.2.1
Source: NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center; New et al. 2002
Table 4.2.2

/ 229
Rain fall pattern Direction / time period / quantity Jul/Aug - up to 400-450 mm / month
Temperature Maximum / minimum Apr/May - 42ᵒC
Dec - 15ᵒC
Temperature Diurnal temperature variation /
maximum + minimum - seasonal
with time period
March - 14ᵒC
Aug 8.25ᵒC
Relative humidity Max / minimum Jan - 56% / Apr - 35% / Jul - 70% /
Oct - 75%
Wind Speeds / direction / extreme
weather occurrence + frequency
Avg. max. wind – 4.5m/s
Min. wind – 3.5 m/s
with cyclonic storms in
the bay bringing down
trees
Sunshine Hours / cloudy days Avg. - 5.22 kwh/m² /day
Max (Apr) - 6.7 kwh/
m²/day
Table 4.2.3
Figure 4.2.2

/ 229
Plot level zoning
Plot orientation: This gives the angle of inci-dence
most of the plots on the site vis a vis
the North to evaluate the optimum orientation
for climatic comfort.
Figure 4.2.3
Figure 4.2.4
Main plot orientation: Most of the plots of. the
proposed layout follow this orient ation i.e.
30° to the North.

/ 229
Figure 4.2.5
Incidental plot orientation: Some of the plots
have an angle of incidence between 9.7° to
19.4° N.

/ 229
Distance from electric lines:
No veranda, balcony or like shall be allowed
to be erected or any additions or alterations
made to any building within the distance be-tween
the building and any overhead electric
supply line as indicated below.
Vertically: Horizontally:
a) Low and medium voltage 2.4
1.2 meters
meters
b) High voltage lines up to 3.7
meters.
1.8 meters
c) Extra high voltage lines 3.7 +
0.305 meters
for every additional 33,000 volts
1.8 + 0.305 meters
for every additional
33,000 volts
Means of access:
No building shall be erected so as to deprive
any other building of the means of access.
Abutting plots should share a common load-ing
and unloading dock.
Plot level recommended development controls:
Plot size Ground cover
in %
Ground cover
in meters
Maximum
FAR
1. 836m² 50 % 418m² 1.5
2. 704m² 45% 317m² 1.3
Table 4.2.4
Table 4.2.5

/ 229
Built-up area:
Figure 4.2.6

/ 229
Recommended setbacks within the plots:
Plot size Front Side (non-abutting ) Back
1. 836m² 5.00m 5.00m 6.00m
2. 704m² 5.00m 5.00m 6.00m
Emergency access:
All the plots should have access for emer-gency
vehicles like fire tender, ambulance
and cranes. No point of the building should
be more than 10 meters from the emergency
access. All the buildings that are more than
one floor should have fire escapes and extin-guishers.
Planting and landscaping:
1. Peripheral tree plantation should be pro-vided
in the front, side and back of the plot
with evergreen trees to shade the building
and open areas, to prevent heat island ef-fect,
with a minimum of 1 tree per 100m².
2. Trees with high canopies and low growing
shrubs should be adequately spaced and
located within the front setback to allow
views into and from the site. Landscape
elements shall be less than 900mm or
above 2000mm in height. Mature trees
are to be pruned clear to a minimum of
1800mm above ground level.
3. Landscape in the vicinity of the crossover
into the site should be designed in a man-ner
that preserves the sightlines for ve-hicles.
4. Only low flow and trickle irrigation will be
permitted for the irrigation of landscaped
areas and these could also be connected
to timers to ensure that the irrigation is
done early morning or after sunset to en-sure
least evaporative loss.
5. Each industrial plot should be made re-sponsible
for the road frontage space to
the plot. They should maintain the road
side avenue plantation, irrigation, control
of vandalism and litter management. This
will ensure quality of public spaces.
6. No storm water from the plot or building
should be discharged into the street storm
water system. Minimum 20% of the plot
has to be permeable to percolate storm
water. Additional systems for storm water
percolation such as wells may be required.
Refer to guidelines on the same.
7. Grey water and black water should have
separate systems at building level. Grey
water is to be reused at plot level for toilet
flushing and landscaping. Refer to guide-lines
on waste water management.
8. Each site requires adequate garbage and
recycling areas. Solid waste is to be segre-gated
by category and material.
Table 4.2.6

/ 229
Building
Building design and articulation
1. Development shall be articulated to con-tribute
to the streetscape. Buildings are to
be provided with street façades that:
• Incorporate a variety of building mate-rials
• Include variation in depth (i.e. projec-tions,
recesses, eave overhangs etc.)
• Avoid large expanses of blank walls.
2. Entrance points to buildings are encour-aged
to be designed as focus points.
Building entries are to be enhanced by
landscape design and be clearly lit at
night.
3. Representative components such as of-fice
and sign-in areas are to be designed
to face the primary street and act as fo-cus
points. Any such representative com-ponents
must include a building element
such as a veranda, canopy or colonnade,
with a minimum depth of 2.0 metres, fac-ing
the public street.
4. Large expanses of highly reflective build-ing
materials and mirror glass windows
shall be avoided to prevent heat and glare
impacts on the adjacent public streets
and properties.
5. Side and back walls are to include open-ings
(such as windows, clerestory win-dows,
doors, rolling shutters, wall vents
etc.) in order to promote cross ventilation.
6. Materials used for the construction of
walls near boundaries shall be rendered
or painted and fully integrated into the
building design.
Building orientation
Site layout and building design should:
1. Minimise the length of any East and West
facing façades wherever possible to avoid
heat gain.
2. Provide adequate shading and protection
from direct summer sun.
3. Maximise natural cross flow ventilation by
providing intake air windows at the work-ing
level (desk / floor) and exhaust at roof
levels. The building is to be designed to
take advantage of the prevailing winds
which are North-Easterly in winter and
South, South-East in summer.
4. External lighting shall be contained within
the site and not directed beyond the plot
boundary in order to minimise adverse
impacts on adjoining properties and pass-ing
motorists.
Building envelope
1. Provide for climatically suitable building
envelope shape and/or orientation for
tropical composite to dry climate to re-
Figure 4.2.7

/ 229
potential for re-use when dismantled.
7. Use sustainably renewable and local
building materials that have minimum
processing and pre-treatment.
8. Use solar thermal and photo voltaic pan-els
on roof tops, combined with roof shad-ing
to reduce cooling needs. Refer guide-lines
on energy.
Roof form and orientation
1. Glazing on East and West façades should
be avoided or minimized with the excep-tion
of street facing façades which shall be
appropriately shaded or treated to avoid
solar glare.
2. External shading devices (overhangs, aw-nings,
shutters and directional louvers)
are encouraged for all North, South, West
and East facing openings.
3. Internal lighting should be achieved pri-marily
through natural daylight using
light shelves to provide glare free, indi-rect
lighting, as the local sunlight tends to
be harsh with glare. Also, allowing direct
penetration of sunlight into the buildings
results in heating of internal spaces.
4. Ventilation: Windows and/or roof vents
are to be provided at all levels within the
building to ensure cross ventilation and
heat purging. Extractor fans at the roof
level vent the hot air under the roof. This
duce operational energy use. Refer guide-lines
on energy.
2. Design all apertures for maximum sun and
rain protection in order to minimize glare
and allow the space to be used with open
windows, ensuring ventilation. This will re-duce
heat intake and cooling needs while
modulating natural lighting conditions.
3. Integrate solar passive features such as
shading of walls, windows and roofs in
order to reduce the temperature differ-ence
between indoor & outdoor temper-atures
by 6-8oC. This will reduce or even
eliminate the need for air-conditioners be-tween
October and March (i.e. 6 months
per year). Roof insulation with green roofs
and shading with roof top photovoltaic
panels will reduce the heating of internal
spaces considerably.
4. Design spaces with multifunctional uses
in order to derive maximum benefit for the
costs invested i.e. life cycle cost as well as
real and monetary costs.
5. Maximize sound and air pollution controls
with appropriate layouts in intra-plots and
hence reduce screening which is counter-productive
to natural light and ventilation.
6. Use building materials and finishes that
have low Volatile Organic Compound
(VOC) content and emission, low embod-ied
energy, minimum carbon miles and
Sun path between equinox and
summer / winter for the latitude of
Nandigama
Figure 4.2.8

/ 229
helps to increase the air flow velocity within
the room, venting the hot air and drawing
in the cool night air. To ensure the extractor
fans work efficiently, there should be provi-sion
Figure 4.2.9
of floor level ventilators, positioned for
cross ventilation, which are left open in the
night.

/ 229
Figure 4.2.10
Figure 4.2.11

/ 229
Figure 4.2.12
Figure 4.2.13

/ 229
Figure 4.2.14
Figure 4.2.15 Rain water harvesting and collection Figure 4.2.16

/ 229
Green Roof Types:
Figure 4.2.17
The following criteria can be used to characterize three different forms of green roofs:
Item Extensive Green Roof Semi-Intensive Green Roof Intensive Green Roof
Maintenance Low Periodically High
Irrigation No Periodically Regularly
Plant communities Moss-Sedum-Herbs and
Grasses
Grass-Herbs and Shrubs Lawn or Perennials, Shrubs
and Trees
System build-up height 60 - 200 mm 120 - 250 mm 150 - 400 mm on under-ground
garages > 1000 mm
Weight 60 - 150 kg/m2
13 -30 lb/sqft
120 - 200 kg/m2
25 - 40 lb/sqft
180 - 500 kg/m2
35 - 100 lb/sqft
Costs Low Middle High
Use Ecological protection layer Designed Green Roof Park like garden
Table 4.2.7

/ 229
Green roofs can also be combined with photo
voltaic cells. The roof top hence becomes a
source of renewable energy and at the same
time provides shade to the roof to minimize
heating, thereby reducing cooling loads. Refer
images below.
Figure 4.2.18
Figure 4.2.19
Figure 4.2.20

/ 229
Buildings should maximize energy efficiency
through measures such as insulation and low
embodied energy building materials.
1. Use high efficiency light systems.
2. All toilet and unfrequented areas should
be fitted only with motion sensors lights.
3. For external lighting, high efficiency sys-tems
(e.g. T5 Triphosphor Fluorescent,
motion sensors, timed clock and/or photo
sensitive cells to control operation hours)
are encouraged.
4. Provision of solar hot water systems (mini-mum
4 star rating) for all buildings that re-quire
hot water facility.
5. Consider the use of solar cell technology
to supply some portion of the power for
the buildings.
6. Developments shall incorporate 4 star
cooling/heating systems and water saving
shower heads, taps and dual flush toilets.
Waste management
To ensure proper manage of waste the follow-ing
measures must be considered.
1. Arrange for sufficient space for short term
storage of separated waste items such as
a) biodegradable or compostable waste,
b) paper, plastic and mixed packaging, c)
e-waste and d) industry-specific hazardous
waste. In general, such spaces should be
dry and well ventilated.
2. Arrange for easy access to waste collection
facilities.
3. For sanitary and biomedical waste
(without plastic components), consider
the construction of a small low-tech
incinerator on the plot.
4. On the allotted plot, arrange for odour free
composting of all biodegradable waste, at
least of the comparatively small quantities
generated by non-industrial processes.
5. Arrange for proper waste storage
containers with lids, protected from rains
and non-accessible to rodents and stray
animals.
6. The staff must be trained to separate
the waste items, as a minimum, into the
following categories:
• Biodegradable and compostable mat-ter
• Paper, plastics, packaging materials
and other potentially non-composta-ble
by recyclable material
• E-waste
• Industry specific, hazardous waste
• Sanitary or bio-medical waste
7. The management team and work force of
a particular industry must be educated re-

/ 229
garding the concerns of solid waste man-agement
and conscientious management
of resources, solids, water and energy.
8. The industry management should educate
and train staff in avoiding unnecessary
and excessive packaging of brought-in
materials, in particular of goods with
compostable and non-compostable
components.
Building functionality
The design of buildings should allow for the
possibility of some alteration and flexibil-ity.
The internal layout, position of entranc-es,
staircases and methods of construction
should allow some flexibility in its use to en-hance
its life expectancy and long term value.
Zoning
Zoning inside the building with regard to
function.
Figure 4.2.21 Zoning inside the building with regard to natural light.

/ 229
Figure 4.2.23
Figure 4.2.24 Circulation and work flow Figure 4.2.25 Circulation and work flow

/ 229
Amenities / facilities
Each floor should be equipped with toilets,
drinking water fountains and staff rest room.
Accessibility
All spaces within and around the plot should
be designed for accessibility for wheelchairs
and visually impaired individuals. This is ex-tension
of the accessibility standards that
would be integrated at the industrial park
level.
Building materials and technology
Building materials used should have the fol-lowing
properties:
1. Low embodied energy
2. Local availability and accessibility
3. Ease of assembly
4. Low operational energy needs
5. Suitability for the project function
6. Dismantling and recycling
Appropriate building materials should be
identified based on the following:
1. Regional and local building materials must
be chosen based on rapid renewability, haz-ardous
materials and recyclable content.
2. Analysis of traditional building methods
and typologies and their adaption to in-dustrial
building typology must be con-ducted.
3. The embodied energy in locally available
building materials taking into consider-ation
transport, processing, origin, manu-facturing
and operational energy require-ments
must be determined.
4. Building methods and technologies that
maximize climatic efficient design prin-ciples
must be identified.
5. Local human resources and skills related
to construction must be identified.
6. Building methods which use the maximum
of human resources where appropriate
must be determined.
7. Buildings should incorporate the use of
recycled and recyclable building materials
where possible.
8. Materials that are likely to contribute to
poor internal air quality such as polyure-thane
or those that may create a breathing
hazard in case of a fire must be avoided.
The following factors must be considered
when selecting materials for finishes:
1. Suitability for the use and context
2. Long term appearance of development
3. Durability
4. Environmental impacts
5. Thermal performance
All developments within a site should have
consistent use of colours, form and materials.
1. Outbuildings and ancillary installations
Figure 4.2.26

/ 229
should be compatible with the design
theme established by the primary building.
2. The number of different building materials
to be applied on the exterior of the build-ing
should be limited, to avoid chaotic
urban building composition and achieve
legible designs.
3. The visual impact of colours, wall finish-ing
and roof cladding materials should be
considered in relation to the background
and context of the building. Generally,
more subdued and non-reflective finishes
are encouraged as they can reduce the
overall visual impact of a building.
4. Light coloured, roof and wall materials
with a solar absorbency of less than 0.35
are to be used to reduce heat gain. This in-cludes
colours such as soft and light pas-tels,
for these, under the hot / dry tropical
sun feel psychologically cooler.
5. Buildings should incorporate the use of
recycled and recyclable building materi-als
and finishes where possible, including
construction and demolishing waste.
6. The use of windows and glazing on the
street frontage is encouraged. Glazed ar-eas
are to be divided into sections to ar-ticulate
large expanses of glass and to re-inforce
horizontal lines at the built form.
Glazing should be applied with consider-ation
of solar heat impacts on internal areas.

4.3
Page 68 / 229
ENERGY
Guidelines for Energy Efficiency and Renew-able
Energy
Industrial energy use is a key lever for sus-tainable
industrial development. This requires
innovative solutions, national and global, for
minimizing energy consumption, particularly
for carbon intensive sources; using resourc-es
more efficiently and improving productiv-ity
and competitiveness. In tandem with im-proving
energy efficiency, industry needs to
consider switching to energy sources which
will reduce the environmental impacts of en-ergy
use. The ALEAP project at Nandigama
is planned to showcase and benchmark sus-tainable
industrial development. In order to
achieve energy sustainability, an energy strat-egy
must be developed, allowing the indus-trial
park to be energy neutral.
This chapter summarizes some of the guiding
principles for setting up an energy strategy for
the Green Industrial Park for the Association
of Lady Entrepreneurs at Andhra Pradesh
(ALEAP) at the Nandigama site.
Chapter Contents
Integrated Energy Planning
STEP 1 Set Overall Energy Vision and Goals
STEP 2 Establish an energy demand baseline
STEP 3 Set Energy Benchmarks and Objectives
STEP 4 Site Assessment for RETs
STEP 5 Define Strategies to meet energy goals
STEP 6 Design an energy management system for the
Park
Specific Guidelines for Nandigama
References
Annex 1: Example of Industrial Energy Efficiency
Annex 2: Recommended Light Levels
Annex 3: Check list for setting up wind turbines
Annex 4: Typical Diagram of a Grid-Connected Solar
PV System
Table 4.3.1
Integrated Energy Planning
Integrated Energy Planning (IEP) translates
the principles of the Energy Pyramid into a
process for implementing a more sustainably
integrated management system for industrial
parks and campuses. The objective of IEP is
to decide how to meet energy service needs
in the most efficient and socially beneficial
manner, keeping control of the economic costs.

/ 229
It also allows for consideration of substitution
of energy carriers, e.g. reducing electricity
demand through mandatory introduction of
solar water heating or fuel switching away
from imported oil (Sustainable Energy Briefing
4: Integrated Energy Planning, 2005).
The foundation of planning begins with a
comprehensive description of the whole en-ergy
systems within the boundary conditions
defined by the park allowing developing of
energy baselines, forecasting and scenarios
to deliver certain services within the industrial
zones; and then identify a mix of appropriate
sources and forms of energy to meet these
energy service needs in the most efficient and
socially beneficial manner.
Key requirements for a meaningful integrated
energy planning are the accessibility of data
regarding the industries process and non-process
energy demand, the inclusion of
appropriate supply - as well as demand side
solutions with focus on energy conservation
and efficiency and low-carbon intense
technologies, financial viability and social
acceptance of proposed solutions and the
support of the park management.

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Step Item Comments
STEP 1 Set overall Energy Vision and Goals for the Park
STEP 2 Establish a baseline and energy demand and
forecasting scenarios
Process Energy , Non-Process Energy
STEP 3 Set measurable energy benchmarks for the parks
energy management
Energy Efficiency Goals: , RET Goals,
Economic Goals, Environmental Goals
STEP 4 Site Assessment for Renewable Energy Technolo-gies
STEP 5 Define strategies to meet energy goals Action plan for energy conservation and
efficiency (ECE), Action plan for Renew-able
Energy Technology
STEP 6 Design energy management system for the park
STEP 1 Set Overall Energy Vision and Goals
The vision is the starting point to set objec-tives
and plan actions. The vision should be
inspiring and far-reaching and can be a simple
statement. The vision statement can be elab-orated
with a set of stand-alone goals such as
reducing energy demand by 30 percent by a
certain year for a certain process. Goals pro-vide
a long-term reference for all planning
processes hence it is important that they are
formulated in a collaborative process with all
stakeholders.
STEP 2 Establish an energy demand baseline
Industrial energy use is a key lever for sus-tainable
industrial development. This requires
innovative solutions, national and global, for
minimizing energy consumption, particularly
for carbon intensive sources; using resources
more efficiently and improving productivity
and competitiveness. In tandem with improv-ing
energy efficiency, industry needs to con-sider
switching to energy sources which will
reduce the environmental impacts of energy
use.
Acquiring reliable information on the energy
performance of the industries and the facilities
Table 4.3.2 Steps for Integrated Energy Planning

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to be established in the industrial park is the
first step towards the development of a base-line.
Distinctions need to be made between
process and non-process energy consump-tion.
Too often it is seen that the industries are
very reluctant to provide such information or
do not have adequate data to produce a clear
picture of their energy consumption. In such
cases national average or international aver-age
data should be used.
STEP 3 Set Energy Benchmarks and Objectives
Benchmarking is the process of comparing
cost, cycle time, productivity or quality of a
specific process or method to another that is
widely considered to be an industry standard
or best practice (Ecocare International Ltd. ,
2013). Benchmarking is most used to measure
performance using a specific indicator such
as the Energy Use Index (EUI) resulting in a
metric of performance that is then compared
to others. A commonly used EUI for facilities
such as buildings is the annual energy use
normalized with floor area. Other indicators
such as Specific Energy Consumption in
energy per ton of output (for manufacturers),
energy per worker (in case of office buildings)
or energy per bed (in case of hotels) may
also be used. Benchmarking curves helps to
assess the relative performance of individual
plants and help to estimate the aggregate
saving potential of an industry. For renewable
energy systems use a benchmark such as the
Prosumption Index, which is a ratio of the
renewable energy produced on site to the
total energy consumption of the Park.
Process Energy
Bureau in Energy Efficiency (BEE) has initiated
diagnostic studies to prepare cluster specific
energy efficiency manuals covering specific
energy consumption norms, energy efficient
process and technologies, best practices,
case studies, etc. Industrial energy intensity
can be reduced through technological
progress and system changes that improve
technical energy efficiency – changes that
increase output using the same amount of
energy or that delivers the same output using
less energy (UNIDO, 2011). These changes
include replacing old technologies, adopting
energy-saving technologies (preferably best
available technologies), improving processes
and optimizing systems, and employing
energy management practices.

Planning Guidelines for ALEAP Green Industrial Park

Planning Guidelines for ALEAP Green Industrial Park

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