1. ROBOTICS
The Avi Sharma
Cyber Security Expert

2. Overview
● Definition of Robotics.
● What is robot ?
● Applications of robots
● Need of Robotics
● Parts of Robot

3. Definition of robotics
Robotics is an interdisciplinary research area at the
interface of computer science and engineering .Robotics
involves design, construction, operation, and use of robots.
The goal of robotics is to design intelligent machines that can
help and assist humans in their day-to-day lives and keep
everyone safe. Robotics draws on the achievement of
information engineering, computer engineering, mechanical
engineering, electronic engineering and others.
Robotics develops machines that can substitute for humans
and replicate human actions.

4. What is robot ?
• Robots can be used in many situations and for many purposes,
but today many are used in dangerous environments (including
inspection of radioactive materials, bomb detection and
deactivation), manufacturing processes, or where humans cannot
survive (e.g. in space, underwater, in high heat, and clean up and
containment of hazardous materials and radiation). Robots can
take on any form but some are made to resemble humans in
appearance. This is said to help in the acceptance of a robot in
certain replicative behaviors usually performed by people. Such
robots attempt to replicate walking, lifting, speech, cognition, or
any other human activity. Many of today's robots are inspired by
nature, contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics.

5. Applications of robot
● Robots are used in many fields -
1. Industrial Areas
2. Military Areas
● 3. Medical Line
4. Space Exploration centers
● 5. Research & Development centers etc.

6. Industrial Robots
• Robots are increasingly used in manufacturing (since the 1960s).
According to the Robotic Industries Association US data, in
2016 automotive industry was the main customer of industrial
robots with 52% of total sales. In the auto industry, they can
amount for more than half of the "labor". There are even "lights
off" factories such as an IBM keyboard manufacturing factory
in Texas that was fully automated as early as 2003.

7. Industrial Robots

8. Medical Robot
• A medical robot is a robot used in the medical
sciences. They include surgical robots. These are in
most telemanipulators, which use the surgeon's
activators on one side to control the "effector" on
the other side.
• Types - Surgical robots, Rehabilitation robots,
Biorobots..etc.

9. Medical Robot

10. MILITARY ROBOTS-
Military robots are autonomous robots or remote-
controlled mobile robots designed for military
applications, from transport to search & rescue and
attack.
Some such systems are currently in use, and many are
under development.

11. MILITARY ROBOTS

12. Space
Exploration robot
Robots in space exploration-
A robotic spacecraft is an uncrewed spacecraft,
usually under telerobotic control. A robotic spacecraft
designed to make scientific research measurements is
often called a space probe. Many space missions are
more suited to telerobotic rather than crewed
operation, due to lower cost and lower risk factors.

13. Space
Exploration robot

14. NEED OF ROBOTICS
• Robotics technology influences every aspect of work
and home. Robotics has the potential to positively
transform lives and work practices, raise efficiency
and safety levels and provide enhanced levels of
service. Even more, robotics is set to become the
driving technology underpinning a whole new
generation of autonomous devices and cognitive
artefacts that, through their learning capabilities,
interact seamlessly with the world around them, and
hence, provide the missing link between the digital
and physical world .

15. NEED OF ROBOTICS
• Robotics is already the key driver of competitiveness and
flexibility in large scale manufacturing industries.
Without robotics many of Europe’s successful
manufacturing industries would not be able to compete
from their current European bases of operation. In
these industries robotics already underpins employment.
Increasingly robotics is becoming more relevant for
smaller manufacturing industries which are central to
Europe’s manufacturing and employment capacity.

16. Parts of Robots
The Main Parts of a Robot:
● 1. Control System
● 2. Actuator
● 3. Power Supply
● 4. End Effector
● 5. Sensors

17. Control system
• Our brains decide what to do and how to react to the
world based on feedback from our five senses. A
robot's CPU does the same thing based on their
control system.
• Control systems allow for the movement and function
of various parts of the robot, as well as execute a
specific set of motions and forces in the presence of
unforeseen errors.

18. Actuator
• To be considered a robot, a device must have a body
that it can move in reaction to feedback from its
sensors. Robot bodies consist of metal, plastic and
similar materials. Inside these bodies are small
motors called actuators. Actuators mimic the action
of human muscle to move parts of the robot's body.
The simplest robots consist of an arm with a tool
attached for a particular task. More advanced robots
may move around on wheels or treads. Humanoid
robots have arms and legs that mimic human
movement.

19. POWER SUPPLY-
• In order to function a robot must have power. Human
beings get their energy from food. After we eat, the
food is broken down and converted into energy by our
cells. Most robots get their energy from electricity.
Stationary robotic arms like the ones that work in car
factories can be plugged in like any other appliance.
Robots that move around are usually powered by
batteries. Our robotic space probes and satellites are
often designed to collect solar power.

20. END EFFECTORS
In order to interact with the environment and carry out
assigned tasks, robots are equipped with tools called end
effectors. These vary according to the tasks the robot has
been designed to carry out. For example, robotic factory
workers have interchangeable tools such as paint sprayers or
welding torches. Mobile robots such as the probes sent to
other planets or bomb disposal robots often have universal
grippers that mimic the function of the human hand

21. SENSOR-
• Robots receive feedback from sensors that mimic human
senses such as video cameras or devices called light-
dependent resistors that function like eyes or microphones
that act as ears. Some robots even have touch, taste and
smell. The robot's CPU interprets signals from these
sensors and adjusts its actions accordingly.

22. Thank You
Thank You
The Avi Sharma
Cyber Security Expert