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I
1
FMSS
GLOBAL
GROUP CORPORATION
Digital Transformation of the
Cote D'Ivoire Education System
Overview
In today's world, it is inevitable to benefit from technological opportunities to solve many problems in educational systems.
Developments in the technological field and especially in the Internet allow information to be unlimited and easily accessible.
Digital Transformation in schools is not about innovation or technology, it’s more a matter of culture. Through digitalization of
the learning experience, both teachers and students are able to improve their skills, with a common goal: to create a more
engaging and effective education process.
Distance education, computer education, computer-aided education, online learning (e-learning), virtual learning environments
etc are new dimensions of education in developing information technologies.
With the technologies used in education;
It is possible,
To monitor the knowledge, competencies and development of students ,
To allow students think and focus more on their targets and success and increase their productivity,
To monitor the effectiveness of the training content and to organize the training content according to the results,
To guide students and parents about student’s knowledge and competencies,
It is possible to select, discover their talents earlier , and measure and evaluate students quickly and fairly.
2
Overview
With the Digital Transformation of Education Project, it is aimed to gain the mentioned competencies in the basic education
system of Cote D'Ivoire. To this End to End Education Portal, which we will offer to the Cote D'Ivoire education system, will
be a platform to cover all actors in the education sector.
Through this system, communication between students, teachers, parents and institutions will be realized digitally.
In the second phase of the project, online education system will be made. In this system, all educational materials will be
transformed into interactive digital contents. Necessary integrations will be made for the digitization of teaching
curriculum.
In the third phase of the project, digital education laboratories will be established in schools. These include three-
dimensional training, increased visualization (Augmented Reality), smart board, robotics programming sets, notebooks,
tablets and so on, innovative materials are going to be integrated into the training portal. (Data center installation)
3
Education*
Every child has the right to go to school and learn.
4
5
89,560,000
Basic Statistics about Cote D'Ivoire’s Education
6
SOURCES: Un
ited Nations
Educational,
Scientific, and
Cultural
Organisation
(UNESCO)
Institute for
Statistics.
Cote D'Ivoire’s Education System
7
SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation
(UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
Participation to Education System
8
SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
Participation to Education at Preschool Level
9
SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
Participation to Education at Primary School Level
10
SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
Participation to Education at Secondry School Level
11
SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
Participation to Education at Tertiary School Level
12
SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
13
SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
14
SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
15
SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
16
Challenges
Education in Cote d’Ivoire is present and plentiful for those who can afford it. While there are free public
schools available to Ivoirians, families are still required to pay for books, uniforms and supplies.
Additionally, over two-thirds of native Ivoirians work in agriculture, and children are often needed as part
of the work force. The unfortunate reality is that most students who receive a proper education in Cote
d’Ivoire are not natives of the country.
Due to the French colonization of Cote d’Ivoire the vast majority of schools run on the French system .
While being a native of the Ivory Coast holds the benefit of free primary education, students have a much
higher chance of attending university if they graduate from one of the French, American or Lebanese
private schools.
Due to the high cost of schooling, “not everybody gets access to education, and it’s sad because a lot of
them are really interested in doing so,”
Education is about $7,000 a year for a private high school, but that’s what you get for the ‘French
Prestige.’” In order to combat this, small tutoring centers have popped up throughout the country.
The centers operate on a volunteer basis, with classes usually taught by Americans and Europeans
travelling abroad to teach languages.
17
Challenges
Language is a problem within the private schools as well, there is little emphasis placed on
learning English. “You have the option between German, Italian and
’limited knowledge of the English language.
Those who graduate from Ivoirian Schools must either be the very top of their class or come
from wealthy families if they wish to continue their education in college. “The system is very
limiting for most people who live in the Ivory Coast,”
At the end of the day if you don’t have money you don’t really get access to education.
The Ivory Coast has a population of 25 million, approximately one third of which are non-
Ivoirians.
In addition to high poverty rates among Ivoirians and the necessity for child labor, there are
other factors which can prevent children from receiving the best education possible.
Cote d’Ivoire has suffered through two civil wars in the past 15 years. Political conflict
instigated outbreaks of violence in 2002, leading to a five-year civil war that killed and
displaced thousands. Just three years after the call for peace, violence broke out once again
leading to a second civil war that lasted from 2010-2011. The physical and emotional damage
inflicted upon residents of the Ivory Coast during these wars contribute to days of school
missed.
18
Why digital inclusion must be at the centre of resetting
education in Africa
•COVID-19 school closures in Africa have widened existing educational, socio-economic and gender
inequalities.
•Along with poor access to distance learning resources, the continent's children have been hard hit.
•Digital technology could level the playing field, but huge public-private sector investment is needed.
The world continues to deal with the disruptive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on every sector of the
economy and the wellbeing of its people.
The path to recovery from the pandemic presents
a unique opportunity for systems redesign or
better still, a reset. However, one cannot overlook
the negative impacts of the pandemic which only
exacerbated the existing inequalities across the
world.
19
In the field of Information and Communication Technologies for Education :
• they allow access to educational resources at low cost;
• they bring an added value compared to traditional teaching;
• they are a complementary solution for teacher training.
• penetration rate of mobile phones in Africa would be a favorable factor for their integration.
• gap in quality of education should be covered . Every child should have basic human rights to easily access the best
education to kick-start their life path.
• transform and improve the education system through technology ,
• we want to ensure every child gets the best education possible, teachers are enabled to perform their role to the best of
their abilities and that government has fact-based insights to make the right decisions and policies that benefit our people
and push economy forward.
Why digital inclusion must be at the centre of resetting
education in Africa
20
Cote D'Ivoire's Education Technology
the potential impact of technology in economies such as Ivory Coast is even more transformational.
With just 43% of the population over 15 able to read and write and only a 26% enrolment rate in secondary schools,
education solutions can play a major developmental role.
Many young social entrepreneurs in Côte d’Ivoire are already hard at work to harness the potential of new technologies to
extend learning opportunities beyond the classroom but are struggling to be seen and to find the right support system.
Through iinitaiting the FMSS education program,we can establish a long term partnership with these entrepreneurs .
Our Goals
21
FMSS invests in the future of young people so that they become socially responsible and productive members of
society. In order to achieve this goal, children and youth must be given better opportunities for positive development
and equitable access to education, whatever their background, place of residence or family income. Learning is crucial
for successful and productive human development and key to children’s ability to reach their full potential and fulfil
their aspirations.
We aim over the next ten years to provide children and youth with effective knowledge, skills, attitudes, tools and
equitable opportunities to reach their full learning potential and thrive together.
To improve the lives of children and youth in Côte d’Ivoire by supporting the government in achieving its strategic
objectives to develop the human capital of the country. In order to achieve this ambitious goal, we aim to work hand in
hand with the government, while developing the technological infrastructure for the education and digitalization of the
materials and giving access to all children , which will eventually provide equality and same opportunities to the all
children of the Cote d’Ivoire.
We need to use new technologies to extend learning opportunities beyond the classroom but are struggling to be seen
and to find the right support system. Through the digitalization program of the FMSS will commit to fulfill the promise of
education as a key element for the development of the country.
22
Network
The country has low internet penetration rate . If Kenya leads with 85% penetration rate, the other countries
mentioned above exceed 50% where the Ivory Coast reaches a mere 26.3%. Thus, with 10 million inhabitants
fewer than the Ivory Coast, Senegal nevertheless had 3.5 million more internet users as of December 31,
2017.3.6
Teachers' skills
Consider the case of teachers. For this to work, our teachers today must not only have the skills to use
Information technologies , but also to create and share local content. The challenge is therefore to adapt
technologies and educational content to the needs of teachers and students and to local specificities. Distance
training programs for teachers need to be a part of the program
Coordination and coherence
The State plays a major role as a driving force for the integration of information technology network and as a
factor in accelerating their deployment at the national level. However, this requires an increase in the capacity
of service providers and beneficiaries.
Budget and Funding
A recent World Bank report estimated that households carry on average 73% of the financial burden of
educating a child. The government and the donors account for 23% and 4% respectively of total spending on
education. However
Obstacles
23
24
Education and training are at the heart of the National
Development Vision of Cote D'Ivoire
Five main national vision attributes specific goals to the education sector:
• Promotion of universal access to quality basic education, including pre-primary, primary and secondary education levels;
• The eradication of illiteracy;
• Expansion of quality tertiary education and training that provides the critical mass of high quality human resources required
to effectively respond to and master development challenges at all levels.
• The Education Sector Development Plan of Cote D'Ivoire specifically aims for equity through “Ensuring [that] out-of-school
children, illiterate youth and adults and other vulnerable` groups can access quality learning opportunities and thus obtain
knowledge and vocational skills”.
• To build competent and competitive human capital (vocational, technical, professionals, graduates and postgraduates) in
areas relevant to industrial development. This is to be done through increased investment in human capacity through
technology. Technology literacy needs to increased.
Why is Digital Transformation in Education Required for Cote D'Ivoire?
25
Challenges remain in terms of availability of teachers and classrooms for basic
education. Digitalization can help teachers to reach more students and can
become pivotal for accomplishing the economic development ambitions of the
country.
Issues of shortage of teachers and classrooms can be solved with digitalization of
education. The Primary Teachers Deployment Strategy, which can be used
effectively to address those issues.
Being out of school is a common challenge for children living in hard-to-reach
areas. Introducing a digital school education program for those children can solve
accessibility issues in those areas. Anywhere can be classroom with the accessible
digital content.
Countries that cannot locate themselves in the world of digital transformation will
leave their students poor in future social, economic and cultural life.
Teacher education is provided at various levels with digitized materials provide
teacher education programs to meet emerging needs of those teaching and
training from preschool to higher education.
Digitalization can provide rapid growth in basic and tertiary education; by
increasing the capacity of schools and by providing access to the educational
material through mobile and online sources .
Issues about the quality of education, as reflected by poor learning
outcomes especially at basic education levels; the education quality will be
improved by the content of the digital material sand also by providing access
those materials by students and teachers across the country.
26
• The potential impact of technology in economies such
as Ivory Coast is even more transformational. With
just 43% of the population over 15 able to read and
write3.2 and only a 26% enrolment rate in secondary
schools3.3, education solutions can play a major
developmental role.
Why is Digital Transformation in Education Required?
27
Challenges exist such as lack of textbooks. These factors, along with teacher
absenteeism, have meant that students are faced with numerous obstacles to
their learning and this can explain why there is underperformance.
Curriculum development has also influenced pedagogical outputs, with many
teachers opting to rely on the follow, repeat and memorize methods, rather
than problem-solving . Digital contents are interactive , requires student to
active. and also more attractive , fun and easy to understand for children by
visualization.
This is a program to enhance education through using an e-learning platform
using the national curriculum - with not just content, but also quizzes, videos,
on-line assessments and ways to track student progress. This allows for
students to progress at their own rate. The technology is being piloted in a
number of different ways tablets, computer mobile devices, projectors in
schools.
Students can not only read and learn, but also ask questions and
communicate with teachers and other students through mobile phones and
also an on-line platform .
Why is Digital Transformation in Education Required?
28
©2018 UNESCO Institute of Statistics
Share of the population with tertiary education in World
This map shows the share
of population older than 14
years that has completed
tertiary education.
In 2010 30% of South
Koreans had tertiary
education.
Ireland and the US follow
with the second and
highest share of tertiary
education.
In many of the world’s
poorest countries less than
1% have completed tertiary
education.
29
Internet is an obvious resource for education, supplementary to traditional learning, students can exchange ideas, build new relationships and
share their knowledge with others.
Digital learning can also support student’s self monitoring skills, cooperative learning, by integrating authentic materials and stimulating learning
processes.
Utilizing educational technology, educators have begun transforming instruction, empower teachers to be increasingly innovative in their
teaching methods.
Augmented and Virtual Reality can deepen and enhance teacher instruction while simultaneously creating experiences to better engage
students: bringing the outside world into the classroom and the classroom into the outside world. Virtual reality also has the potential to
increase visual and technology literacy.
Virtual Learning supports Capacity Building to facilitate learning and teaching beyond classroom walls. Two-thirds of Cote D'Ivoire’s population
is expected to make use of a smartphone by 2025
How Technology Support Education
30
A comprehensive approach for transformation of education is required. At the moment technology infrastructure in Cote
D'Ivoire is very seldom about the device, network, etc.
Curriculum reform and digital content to be developed .
Online and offline education model will be synthesized.
End point devices like computers, tablets, to be provided for schools and students.
Classroom orchestration and change.
Management system is part of the structure.
Inspiration, courage and practical experiences will be designed for students. The students are encouraged to learn
fundamentally different way.
A common mind and discipline will be created on education, independent of time, space.
Education, the Internet and broadband connectivity have a tremendous importance to solve some of the world’s most
pressing challenges including the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals of the countries. We will act
cooperatively with the governors, mobile operators and the internet providers.
Strategy for Digital Transformation to
Cote D'Ivoire Education System
31
Strategy of Digital Transformation to
Cote D'Ivoire Education System
The teachers will be empowered to impact the change in
classrooms. Teacher training rounds and capacity
development, introducing new technologies to teachers and
improving their skills is the focus of the system.
The role of the teacher changes in the information age. The
teacher will begin to direct the student to a qualified and
diverse source of information.
Improve teachers’ competence in teaching and learning
through digital skills to increase students’ participation in
learning the subjects through the use of online or mobile
platforms.
The Ways that Digital Transformation Changes
Education in Classrooms
32
I
33
Education Digital
Transformation
Project Steps
Education Digital Transformation Project Steps
34
Exam Monitoring
System
Student Monitoring
System
Online Training
System
Online School
Shopping System
Passing from
Written Exam
System to Test
System
Curriculum,
content of courses
Attendence ratio,
student point system
, exam results
Development of question
banks
Optical readers will
read the exam
papers and results
will be published
Passing from Written Exam System to Test System
35
Converting exams to test system and
preventing students from moving to centers
Design of exam questions and
answer keys, integrate them into
portals
Fast and error-free explanation of exam
results by integrating with optical readers
Providing feedback to students and parents
by providing integration with the student
tracking system
Presenting test results and reports
integrated with student point system
36
Exam Tracking System
Integration of schools and
institutions into the system
Formation of teaching curriculum,
creation of exam types and exams
Formation of the
question bank
Determination of difficulty levels
of questions and creation of key
words
Preparing test trial questions
according to the student's
information of the knowledge
pool created with a self-learning
system
Establishment of
student information
pool.
Integration with
institutions for
compulsory
education
Inclusion of
parents
(homework,
absenteeism etc.)
Calculation of
student achievement
points
The scoring of the
teachers and the
comments of the
parents can be
evaluated by the
institutions.
Calculation of
success scores
of schools
37
Student Tracking System
Student's and schools'
success points can be
followed and incase of
a downtrend a pre-
warning can be done.
38
Online Education System
Integration of course content and exam
tracking system to the schools data
Integration of course content and
exam tracking system clouds based
Integration of course content and
exam tracking system web based
Digital Transformation for Teachers
● Each teacher can create their own content archive. Videos,
Documents, Exams, Exam Questions, Interactive Applications,
Assignments…
● Teachers can share content with other teachers
● They can present to their class in accordance with a schedule
linked to the education calendar
● Access to the application results of shared quizzes and
contents.
● Teachers will be able to see the shortcomings of their
students in which subjects and they can help their students
by sending additional content or homework about these
subjects.
● There are different strategies how to carry out digital
transformation in education. The teachers could adapt to the
digital solutions rapidly.
40
Digital Transformation for Student
● Students can take advantage of the online lessons and
training contents assigned to them by their teachers in their
own classes or in their special education calendars. Such as
students can access the educational content with their
devices even if they can’t come to schools because their
villages are too far from school
● He can follow his homework. Illustrative digital content of
the educational material can help to children to comprehend
the subjects better than traditional methods.
● They can communicate with the other children and their
teachers remotely.
● They can access take the exams see the exam results and
see their shortcomings.
● Reaching sources or making research is possible from the
digital library.
41
● Principals are able to access exam evaluations on the
basis of School, Class or Student.
● Can follow up topic (gain) analysis. Performance of the
students and school and national school examination
pass rates .
● Can communicate with teachers, students, parents and
other administrators.
● Can manage the daily and administrative operations
through digital monitoring of all sources, material and
human.
42
Digital Transformation for Administrators
Strengthening Education System
Digitalization enable school leaders and school committees to
improve the quality through effective school management .
Improve the professional development of pre-primary and
primary educators and administrators by introducing
technology to the programs and school support systems and
strengthening education and support systems.
And facilitate school or regional management and technical
capacity at the district and regional levels for the
administrators.
Strengthen the key sub-systems by digital monitoring and
recording, including resource allocation, data management,
teacher deployment and motivation, and performance
incentives.
Project Specifications
43
Mobile Application
Information
Services System
Document
Management
System (DMS)
Student Tracking
System
Exam Tracking
System
Education Material
E-Commerce
Online Education
System
Reporting System
Institution Integrations
Hardware List
Exam Tracking System
44
Exam questions prepared by this module
will be kept in a pool and will be labeled
with various information. (Difficulty level,
Question Type, Course, Class, etc.)
.
Designing the answer key of the exam
prepared with the questions selected from
the question bank. Determination of the
students who will take the exams.
Integration of barcode system to answer
keys (Phase 2)
Scoring the results of the examination from
the optical reader and calculating the
scores of the students by uploading the
results to the portal
Question Bank
Module
Exam Preparation
Module
Scoring and Reporting
Module
SMS + Mail + Mobile Application Push to the parents who
subscribe to the system (Homework, exam results,
intermediate scorecards, absences etc.)
Information Services System
45
SMS E-Mail Mobile Applications
46
Online Report Card (Transcript)
Student Certificate and Other Documents
Schools and Grades
Absence Tracking
Mobile Application Integration
Student Transfer Operations
Student Tracking System
47
It will store all kinds of documents
digitally with Document Management
System which will work integrated
with Storage.
Document Management System (DMS)
Online Offline QR Code
48
• The course content will be converted into an entertaining format. Visual
expression content will be used according to the education level and
student age.
• Tablet application for students to be developed. With this mobile app the
student can work online or offline.
• Online one-to-one live lecture, appointment system for students..
• Course instructors, the contents of the course will be assessed according
to the success of students (understanding of the subject) Approval will be
given at the end of the course.
• The digital solutions in the classroom can be hardware-based or
software-based. Hardware-based solutions mean using devices like
tablets, smart phones or interactive SMART boards to enhance the
learning process (deep learning techniques) . Software-based solutions
can promote collaboration among the students or speed up the learning
process.
Online Education System
Interactive
Student Teacher Parents
49
Different menus and screens will be displayed for each type
of user. There shall be an access to the educational branch
of e-government system. With the mobile application,
documents such as student's certificate, carnet etc. can be
obtained from the system. These documents can be verified
in the institutions by QR code
Mobile Application
50
• Student Development Report
• Teacher Development Report
• Integration with BI tools or DWH systems
• Mobile application and website analytics integrations
Mobile
application
and website
analytics
integrations
Student
Development
Report
Integration with BI
tools or DWH
systems
Teacher
Development
Report
Reporting Systems
51
• Educational institution
information
• Student’s identity information
and school information
• Parents information
• Teacher information
Institutional Integrations Educational
Institution
Information
Student’s
Identity
Information
Parents Information Teacher Information
Integrations
Head Office (1 + 1 unit)
• Data center (Storage)
• High quality papers for answer keys
• Optical Readers (4 pieces per center)
• Fast Scanner (for scanning of manual
examinations and training materials)
• Load Balancer
• servers
• Course Video Recording equipment
52
Education Center (3 units)
• Optical Readers (2 per Center)
• Tablet (25 units per classroom) (ideally per
tablet per student)
• Smart board
• Client PC (15 pcs)
• Seating groups and working tables
• Projector (1 unit per classroom)
Hardware Requirements
I
53
Improvement of
Physical Education
Conditions
54
Current State
55
Current State
56
Improvement of Physical Education Conditions
57
Improvement of Physical Education Conditions
58
Improvement of Physical Education Conditions
Estimated Current spendings for
Education by families
59
# Of Students
Average annual spending
BUDGET
60
1 SIGNING OF THE HEADS OF TERMS OF THE PROJECT
2 DOING TECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES
3 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REGISTRATION SYSTEM $ 546.000
4 PREPARING THE MODEL SCHOOL * $ 1.625.000
5 DIGITALIZATION OF SCHOOL SELECTED IN EACH STATE $ 750.000
6 HEADQUARTER SETUP $ 3.250.000
7 TRANSITION FROM WRITTEN EXAM SYSTEM TO TEST SYSTEM $ 910.000
8 TRANSITION TO EXAM FOLLOW-UP SYSTEM $ 910.000
9 TRANSITION TO STUDENT FOLLOW-UP SYSTEM $ 1.137.500
10 TRANSITION TO ONLINE EDUCATION SYSTEM $ 1.820.000
12 OTHER SOLUTIONS
12.1.License Fees
12.1.1.SecurityScoreCard $ 130.000
12.1.2.Decision Tree $ 325.000
12.1.3.Operating Systems $ 650.000
12.2.Special Web-Site for Schools $ 195.000
12.3.Mail Server Installation and License Fees $ 195.000
12.4.Evaluation and Survey System $ 390.000
12.5.Record Transfer Encrypted USB $ 260.000
12.6.HelpDesk Software $ 390.000
12.7.First Level Support
TOTAL $13.483.500
*Cost of a school ,number of schools to be digitilized completely can be determined after
FUNDING
61
Our Funding for the Project
Our funding model is a 30 year long credit from the Eximbank of Turkey. Eximbank of the Turkey hs
granted this line of credit to our company.
Countries like the Cote D'Ivoire that stand to benefit the most from our long term funding model.
Financing is important but we make the best possible use of the resources available for the country.
Also digitalization of the education materials and access of the lessons from remote locations will
provide a lot of savings from the existing spendings.
Such as families can pay a small amount of fee to the state, like1 Usd , in order to access to the all
materials instead of the purchasing various expensive class books for every different course.
These fees are more than enough to cover the cost of the project for the country.
Expectations
62
1. Assignment of places for headquarters and training centers in provinces.
• Providing the security of these facilities, internet and electricity infrastructures
• Providing static IP and site-to-site VPN
2. Two separate locations for disaster recovery.
• Is there an existing product and infrastructure for Disaster recovery? (Active / Passive use)
3. Training institutions, student information, teacher information, getting information from parents for integration with
institutions. What should be integrated with the portal,
• Registration changes and new student entries
• Educational institution changes
• Teacher assignments
4. Existing educational portal (student registration, teacher assignment, etc.) and online systems where the results of the exam
are available, if any, their details.
5. What are the current operating system licenses? (Windows, Red Hat, etc.) Do you have any products used for the firewall?
If there are any products?
6. Free internet with operators (for online education)
Thank You
63
Hamit AYRAN
hamit.ayran@fmsstech.com
+90 532 749 09 10
www.fmss.com.tr
FMSS Bilisim Tek. San. Ve Tic. Ltd. Sti
Ofisim Istanbul Plaza B36 Tugay cad. No 18 Maltepe
Istanbul Turkey
https://twitter.com/FmssGlobal
https://www.facebook.com/fmssglobal/
https://www.linkedin.com/company/fmss-global/
https://www.instagram.com/fmss.global/?hl=tr

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Education Cote D'Ivoire.pptx

  • 1. I 1 FMSS GLOBAL GROUP CORPORATION Digital Transformation of the Cote D'Ivoire Education System
  • 2. Overview In today's world, it is inevitable to benefit from technological opportunities to solve many problems in educational systems. Developments in the technological field and especially in the Internet allow information to be unlimited and easily accessible. Digital Transformation in schools is not about innovation or technology, it’s more a matter of culture. Through digitalization of the learning experience, both teachers and students are able to improve their skills, with a common goal: to create a more engaging and effective education process. Distance education, computer education, computer-aided education, online learning (e-learning), virtual learning environments etc are new dimensions of education in developing information technologies. With the technologies used in education; It is possible, To monitor the knowledge, competencies and development of students , To allow students think and focus more on their targets and success and increase their productivity, To monitor the effectiveness of the training content and to organize the training content according to the results, To guide students and parents about student’s knowledge and competencies, It is possible to select, discover their talents earlier , and measure and evaluate students quickly and fairly. 2
  • 3. Overview With the Digital Transformation of Education Project, it is aimed to gain the mentioned competencies in the basic education system of Cote D'Ivoire. To this End to End Education Portal, which we will offer to the Cote D'Ivoire education system, will be a platform to cover all actors in the education sector. Through this system, communication between students, teachers, parents and institutions will be realized digitally. In the second phase of the project, online education system will be made. In this system, all educational materials will be transformed into interactive digital contents. Necessary integrations will be made for the digitization of teaching curriculum. In the third phase of the project, digital education laboratories will be established in schools. These include three- dimensional training, increased visualization (Augmented Reality), smart board, robotics programming sets, notebooks, tablets and so on, innovative materials are going to be integrated into the training portal. (Data center installation) 3
  • 4. Education* Every child has the right to go to school and learn. 4
  • 6. Basic Statistics about Cote D'Ivoire’s Education 6 SOURCES: Un ited Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 7. Cote D'Ivoire’s Education System 7 SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 8. Participation to Education System 8 SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 9. Participation to Education at Preschool Level 9 SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 10. Participation to Education at Primary School Level 10 SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 11. Participation to Education at Secondry School Level 11 SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 12. Participation to Education at Tertiary School Level 12 SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 13. 13 SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 14. 14 SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 15. 15 SOURCES: United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics.
  • 16. 16 Challenges Education in Cote d’Ivoire is present and plentiful for those who can afford it. While there are free public schools available to Ivoirians, families are still required to pay for books, uniforms and supplies. Additionally, over two-thirds of native Ivoirians work in agriculture, and children are often needed as part of the work force. The unfortunate reality is that most students who receive a proper education in Cote d’Ivoire are not natives of the country. Due to the French colonization of Cote d’Ivoire the vast majority of schools run on the French system . While being a native of the Ivory Coast holds the benefit of free primary education, students have a much higher chance of attending university if they graduate from one of the French, American or Lebanese private schools. Due to the high cost of schooling, “not everybody gets access to education, and it’s sad because a lot of them are really interested in doing so,” Education is about $7,000 a year for a private high school, but that’s what you get for the ‘French Prestige.’” In order to combat this, small tutoring centers have popped up throughout the country. The centers operate on a volunteer basis, with classes usually taught by Americans and Europeans travelling abroad to teach languages.
  • 17. 17 Challenges Language is a problem within the private schools as well, there is little emphasis placed on learning English. “You have the option between German, Italian and ’limited knowledge of the English language. Those who graduate from Ivoirian Schools must either be the very top of their class or come from wealthy families if they wish to continue their education in college. “The system is very limiting for most people who live in the Ivory Coast,” At the end of the day if you don’t have money you don’t really get access to education. The Ivory Coast has a population of 25 million, approximately one third of which are non- Ivoirians. In addition to high poverty rates among Ivoirians and the necessity for child labor, there are other factors which can prevent children from receiving the best education possible. Cote d’Ivoire has suffered through two civil wars in the past 15 years. Political conflict instigated outbreaks of violence in 2002, leading to a five-year civil war that killed and displaced thousands. Just three years after the call for peace, violence broke out once again leading to a second civil war that lasted from 2010-2011. The physical and emotional damage inflicted upon residents of the Ivory Coast during these wars contribute to days of school missed.
  • 18. 18 Why digital inclusion must be at the centre of resetting education in Africa •COVID-19 school closures in Africa have widened existing educational, socio-economic and gender inequalities. •Along with poor access to distance learning resources, the continent's children have been hard hit. •Digital technology could level the playing field, but huge public-private sector investment is needed. The world continues to deal with the disruptive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on every sector of the economy and the wellbeing of its people. The path to recovery from the pandemic presents a unique opportunity for systems redesign or better still, a reset. However, one cannot overlook the negative impacts of the pandemic which only exacerbated the existing inequalities across the world.
  • 19. 19 In the field of Information and Communication Technologies for Education : • they allow access to educational resources at low cost; • they bring an added value compared to traditional teaching; • they are a complementary solution for teacher training. • penetration rate of mobile phones in Africa would be a favorable factor for their integration. • gap in quality of education should be covered . Every child should have basic human rights to easily access the best education to kick-start their life path. • transform and improve the education system through technology , • we want to ensure every child gets the best education possible, teachers are enabled to perform their role to the best of their abilities and that government has fact-based insights to make the right decisions and policies that benefit our people and push economy forward. Why digital inclusion must be at the centre of resetting education in Africa
  • 20. 20 Cote D'Ivoire's Education Technology the potential impact of technology in economies such as Ivory Coast is even more transformational. With just 43% of the population over 15 able to read and write and only a 26% enrolment rate in secondary schools, education solutions can play a major developmental role. Many young social entrepreneurs in Côte d’Ivoire are already hard at work to harness the potential of new technologies to extend learning opportunities beyond the classroom but are struggling to be seen and to find the right support system. Through iinitaiting the FMSS education program,we can establish a long term partnership with these entrepreneurs .
  • 21. Our Goals 21 FMSS invests in the future of young people so that they become socially responsible and productive members of society. In order to achieve this goal, children and youth must be given better opportunities for positive development and equitable access to education, whatever their background, place of residence or family income. Learning is crucial for successful and productive human development and key to children’s ability to reach their full potential and fulfil their aspirations. We aim over the next ten years to provide children and youth with effective knowledge, skills, attitudes, tools and equitable opportunities to reach their full learning potential and thrive together. To improve the lives of children and youth in Côte d’Ivoire by supporting the government in achieving its strategic objectives to develop the human capital of the country. In order to achieve this ambitious goal, we aim to work hand in hand with the government, while developing the technological infrastructure for the education and digitalization of the materials and giving access to all children , which will eventually provide equality and same opportunities to the all children of the Cote d’Ivoire. We need to use new technologies to extend learning opportunities beyond the classroom but are struggling to be seen and to find the right support system. Through the digitalization program of the FMSS will commit to fulfill the promise of education as a key element for the development of the country.
  • 22. 22 Network The country has low internet penetration rate . If Kenya leads with 85% penetration rate, the other countries mentioned above exceed 50% where the Ivory Coast reaches a mere 26.3%. Thus, with 10 million inhabitants fewer than the Ivory Coast, Senegal nevertheless had 3.5 million more internet users as of December 31, 2017.3.6 Teachers' skills Consider the case of teachers. For this to work, our teachers today must not only have the skills to use Information technologies , but also to create and share local content. The challenge is therefore to adapt technologies and educational content to the needs of teachers and students and to local specificities. Distance training programs for teachers need to be a part of the program Coordination and coherence The State plays a major role as a driving force for the integration of information technology network and as a factor in accelerating their deployment at the national level. However, this requires an increase in the capacity of service providers and beneficiaries. Budget and Funding A recent World Bank report estimated that households carry on average 73% of the financial burden of educating a child. The government and the donors account for 23% and 4% respectively of total spending on education. However Obstacles
  • 23. 23
  • 24. 24 Education and training are at the heart of the National Development Vision of Cote D'Ivoire Five main national vision attributes specific goals to the education sector: • Promotion of universal access to quality basic education, including pre-primary, primary and secondary education levels; • The eradication of illiteracy; • Expansion of quality tertiary education and training that provides the critical mass of high quality human resources required to effectively respond to and master development challenges at all levels. • The Education Sector Development Plan of Cote D'Ivoire specifically aims for equity through “Ensuring [that] out-of-school children, illiterate youth and adults and other vulnerable` groups can access quality learning opportunities and thus obtain knowledge and vocational skills”. • To build competent and competitive human capital (vocational, technical, professionals, graduates and postgraduates) in areas relevant to industrial development. This is to be done through increased investment in human capacity through technology. Technology literacy needs to increased.
  • 25. Why is Digital Transformation in Education Required for Cote D'Ivoire? 25 Challenges remain in terms of availability of teachers and classrooms for basic education. Digitalization can help teachers to reach more students and can become pivotal for accomplishing the economic development ambitions of the country. Issues of shortage of teachers and classrooms can be solved with digitalization of education. The Primary Teachers Deployment Strategy, which can be used effectively to address those issues. Being out of school is a common challenge for children living in hard-to-reach areas. Introducing a digital school education program for those children can solve accessibility issues in those areas. Anywhere can be classroom with the accessible digital content. Countries that cannot locate themselves in the world of digital transformation will leave their students poor in future social, economic and cultural life. Teacher education is provided at various levels with digitized materials provide teacher education programs to meet emerging needs of those teaching and training from preschool to higher education. Digitalization can provide rapid growth in basic and tertiary education; by increasing the capacity of schools and by providing access to the educational material through mobile and online sources . Issues about the quality of education, as reflected by poor learning outcomes especially at basic education levels; the education quality will be improved by the content of the digital material sand also by providing access those materials by students and teachers across the country.
  • 26. 26 • The potential impact of technology in economies such as Ivory Coast is even more transformational. With just 43% of the population over 15 able to read and write3.2 and only a 26% enrolment rate in secondary schools3.3, education solutions can play a major developmental role. Why is Digital Transformation in Education Required?
  • 27. 27 Challenges exist such as lack of textbooks. These factors, along with teacher absenteeism, have meant that students are faced with numerous obstacles to their learning and this can explain why there is underperformance. Curriculum development has also influenced pedagogical outputs, with many teachers opting to rely on the follow, repeat and memorize methods, rather than problem-solving . Digital contents are interactive , requires student to active. and also more attractive , fun and easy to understand for children by visualization. This is a program to enhance education through using an e-learning platform using the national curriculum - with not just content, but also quizzes, videos, on-line assessments and ways to track student progress. This allows for students to progress at their own rate. The technology is being piloted in a number of different ways tablets, computer mobile devices, projectors in schools. Students can not only read and learn, but also ask questions and communicate with teachers and other students through mobile phones and also an on-line platform . Why is Digital Transformation in Education Required?
  • 28. 28 ©2018 UNESCO Institute of Statistics Share of the population with tertiary education in World This map shows the share of population older than 14 years that has completed tertiary education. In 2010 30% of South Koreans had tertiary education. Ireland and the US follow with the second and highest share of tertiary education. In many of the world’s poorest countries less than 1% have completed tertiary education.
  • 29. 29 Internet is an obvious resource for education, supplementary to traditional learning, students can exchange ideas, build new relationships and share their knowledge with others. Digital learning can also support student’s self monitoring skills, cooperative learning, by integrating authentic materials and stimulating learning processes. Utilizing educational technology, educators have begun transforming instruction, empower teachers to be increasingly innovative in their teaching methods. Augmented and Virtual Reality can deepen and enhance teacher instruction while simultaneously creating experiences to better engage students: bringing the outside world into the classroom and the classroom into the outside world. Virtual reality also has the potential to increase visual and technology literacy. Virtual Learning supports Capacity Building to facilitate learning and teaching beyond classroom walls. Two-thirds of Cote D'Ivoire’s population is expected to make use of a smartphone by 2025 How Technology Support Education
  • 30. 30 A comprehensive approach for transformation of education is required. At the moment technology infrastructure in Cote D'Ivoire is very seldom about the device, network, etc. Curriculum reform and digital content to be developed . Online and offline education model will be synthesized. End point devices like computers, tablets, to be provided for schools and students. Classroom orchestration and change. Management system is part of the structure. Inspiration, courage and practical experiences will be designed for students. The students are encouraged to learn fundamentally different way. A common mind and discipline will be created on education, independent of time, space. Education, the Internet and broadband connectivity have a tremendous importance to solve some of the world’s most pressing challenges including the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals of the countries. We will act cooperatively with the governors, mobile operators and the internet providers. Strategy for Digital Transformation to Cote D'Ivoire Education System
  • 31. 31 Strategy of Digital Transformation to Cote D'Ivoire Education System The teachers will be empowered to impact the change in classrooms. Teacher training rounds and capacity development, introducing new technologies to teachers and improving their skills is the focus of the system. The role of the teacher changes in the information age. The teacher will begin to direct the student to a qualified and diverse source of information. Improve teachers’ competence in teaching and learning through digital skills to increase students’ participation in learning the subjects through the use of online or mobile platforms.
  • 32. The Ways that Digital Transformation Changes Education in Classrooms 32
  • 34. Education Digital Transformation Project Steps 34 Exam Monitoring System Student Monitoring System Online Training System Online School Shopping System Passing from Written Exam System to Test System Curriculum, content of courses Attendence ratio, student point system , exam results Development of question banks Optical readers will read the exam papers and results will be published
  • 35. Passing from Written Exam System to Test System 35 Converting exams to test system and preventing students from moving to centers Design of exam questions and answer keys, integrate them into portals Fast and error-free explanation of exam results by integrating with optical readers Providing feedback to students and parents by providing integration with the student tracking system Presenting test results and reports integrated with student point system
  • 36. 36 Exam Tracking System Integration of schools and institutions into the system Formation of teaching curriculum, creation of exam types and exams Formation of the question bank Determination of difficulty levels of questions and creation of key words Preparing test trial questions according to the student's information of the knowledge pool created with a self-learning system
  • 37. Establishment of student information pool. Integration with institutions for compulsory education Inclusion of parents (homework, absenteeism etc.) Calculation of student achievement points The scoring of the teachers and the comments of the parents can be evaluated by the institutions. Calculation of success scores of schools 37 Student Tracking System Student's and schools' success points can be followed and incase of a downtrend a pre- warning can be done.
  • 38. 38 Online Education System Integration of course content and exam tracking system to the schools data Integration of course content and exam tracking system clouds based Integration of course content and exam tracking system web based
  • 39. Digital Transformation for Teachers ● Each teacher can create their own content archive. Videos, Documents, Exams, Exam Questions, Interactive Applications, Assignments… ● Teachers can share content with other teachers ● They can present to their class in accordance with a schedule linked to the education calendar ● Access to the application results of shared quizzes and contents. ● Teachers will be able to see the shortcomings of their students in which subjects and they can help their students by sending additional content or homework about these subjects. ● There are different strategies how to carry out digital transformation in education. The teachers could adapt to the digital solutions rapidly. 40
  • 40. Digital Transformation for Student ● Students can take advantage of the online lessons and training contents assigned to them by their teachers in their own classes or in their special education calendars. Such as students can access the educational content with their devices even if they can’t come to schools because their villages are too far from school ● He can follow his homework. Illustrative digital content of the educational material can help to children to comprehend the subjects better than traditional methods. ● They can communicate with the other children and their teachers remotely. ● They can access take the exams see the exam results and see their shortcomings. ● Reaching sources or making research is possible from the digital library. 41
  • 41. ● Principals are able to access exam evaluations on the basis of School, Class or Student. ● Can follow up topic (gain) analysis. Performance of the students and school and national school examination pass rates . ● Can communicate with teachers, students, parents and other administrators. ● Can manage the daily and administrative operations through digital monitoring of all sources, material and human. 42 Digital Transformation for Administrators Strengthening Education System Digitalization enable school leaders and school committees to improve the quality through effective school management . Improve the professional development of pre-primary and primary educators and administrators by introducing technology to the programs and school support systems and strengthening education and support systems. And facilitate school or regional management and technical capacity at the district and regional levels for the administrators. Strengthen the key sub-systems by digital monitoring and recording, including resource allocation, data management, teacher deployment and motivation, and performance incentives.
  • 42. Project Specifications 43 Mobile Application Information Services System Document Management System (DMS) Student Tracking System Exam Tracking System Education Material E-Commerce Online Education System Reporting System Institution Integrations Hardware List
  • 43. Exam Tracking System 44 Exam questions prepared by this module will be kept in a pool and will be labeled with various information. (Difficulty level, Question Type, Course, Class, etc.) . Designing the answer key of the exam prepared with the questions selected from the question bank. Determination of the students who will take the exams. Integration of barcode system to answer keys (Phase 2) Scoring the results of the examination from the optical reader and calculating the scores of the students by uploading the results to the portal Question Bank Module Exam Preparation Module Scoring and Reporting Module
  • 44. SMS + Mail + Mobile Application Push to the parents who subscribe to the system (Homework, exam results, intermediate scorecards, absences etc.) Information Services System 45 SMS E-Mail Mobile Applications
  • 45. 46 Online Report Card (Transcript) Student Certificate and Other Documents Schools and Grades Absence Tracking Mobile Application Integration Student Transfer Operations Student Tracking System
  • 46. 47 It will store all kinds of documents digitally with Document Management System which will work integrated with Storage. Document Management System (DMS)
  • 47. Online Offline QR Code 48 • The course content will be converted into an entertaining format. Visual expression content will be used according to the education level and student age. • Tablet application for students to be developed. With this mobile app the student can work online or offline. • Online one-to-one live lecture, appointment system for students.. • Course instructors, the contents of the course will be assessed according to the success of students (understanding of the subject) Approval will be given at the end of the course. • The digital solutions in the classroom can be hardware-based or software-based. Hardware-based solutions mean using devices like tablets, smart phones or interactive SMART boards to enhance the learning process (deep learning techniques) . Software-based solutions can promote collaboration among the students or speed up the learning process. Online Education System Interactive
  • 48. Student Teacher Parents 49 Different menus and screens will be displayed for each type of user. There shall be an access to the educational branch of e-government system. With the mobile application, documents such as student's certificate, carnet etc. can be obtained from the system. These documents can be verified in the institutions by QR code Mobile Application
  • 49. 50 • Student Development Report • Teacher Development Report • Integration with BI tools or DWH systems • Mobile application and website analytics integrations Mobile application and website analytics integrations Student Development Report Integration with BI tools or DWH systems Teacher Development Report Reporting Systems
  • 50. 51 • Educational institution information • Student’s identity information and school information • Parents information • Teacher information Institutional Integrations Educational Institution Information Student’s Identity Information Parents Information Teacher Information Integrations
  • 51. Head Office (1 + 1 unit) • Data center (Storage) • High quality papers for answer keys • Optical Readers (4 pieces per center) • Fast Scanner (for scanning of manual examinations and training materials) • Load Balancer • servers • Course Video Recording equipment 52 Education Center (3 units) • Optical Readers (2 per Center) • Tablet (25 units per classroom) (ideally per tablet per student) • Smart board • Client PC (15 pcs) • Seating groups and working tables • Projector (1 unit per classroom) Hardware Requirements
  • 55. 56 Improvement of Physical Education Conditions
  • 56. 57 Improvement of Physical Education Conditions
  • 57. 58 Improvement of Physical Education Conditions
  • 58. Estimated Current spendings for Education by families 59 # Of Students Average annual spending
  • 59. BUDGET 60 1 SIGNING OF THE HEADS OF TERMS OF THE PROJECT 2 DOING TECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES 3 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REGISTRATION SYSTEM $ 546.000 4 PREPARING THE MODEL SCHOOL * $ 1.625.000 5 DIGITALIZATION OF SCHOOL SELECTED IN EACH STATE $ 750.000 6 HEADQUARTER SETUP $ 3.250.000 7 TRANSITION FROM WRITTEN EXAM SYSTEM TO TEST SYSTEM $ 910.000 8 TRANSITION TO EXAM FOLLOW-UP SYSTEM $ 910.000 9 TRANSITION TO STUDENT FOLLOW-UP SYSTEM $ 1.137.500 10 TRANSITION TO ONLINE EDUCATION SYSTEM $ 1.820.000 12 OTHER SOLUTIONS 12.1.License Fees 12.1.1.SecurityScoreCard $ 130.000 12.1.2.Decision Tree $ 325.000 12.1.3.Operating Systems $ 650.000 12.2.Special Web-Site for Schools $ 195.000 12.3.Mail Server Installation and License Fees $ 195.000 12.4.Evaluation and Survey System $ 390.000 12.5.Record Transfer Encrypted USB $ 260.000 12.6.HelpDesk Software $ 390.000 12.7.First Level Support TOTAL $13.483.500 *Cost of a school ,number of schools to be digitilized completely can be determined after
  • 60. FUNDING 61 Our Funding for the Project Our funding model is a 30 year long credit from the Eximbank of Turkey. Eximbank of the Turkey hs granted this line of credit to our company. Countries like the Cote D'Ivoire that stand to benefit the most from our long term funding model. Financing is important but we make the best possible use of the resources available for the country. Also digitalization of the education materials and access of the lessons from remote locations will provide a lot of savings from the existing spendings. Such as families can pay a small amount of fee to the state, like1 Usd , in order to access to the all materials instead of the purchasing various expensive class books for every different course. These fees are more than enough to cover the cost of the project for the country.
  • 61. Expectations 62 1. Assignment of places for headquarters and training centers in provinces. • Providing the security of these facilities, internet and electricity infrastructures • Providing static IP and site-to-site VPN 2. Two separate locations for disaster recovery. • Is there an existing product and infrastructure for Disaster recovery? (Active / Passive use) 3. Training institutions, student information, teacher information, getting information from parents for integration with institutions. What should be integrated with the portal, • Registration changes and new student entries • Educational institution changes • Teacher assignments 4. Existing educational portal (student registration, teacher assignment, etc.) and online systems where the results of the exam are available, if any, their details. 5. What are the current operating system licenses? (Windows, Red Hat, etc.) Do you have any products used for the firewall? If there are any products? 6. Free internet with operators (for online education)
  • 62. Thank You 63 Hamit AYRAN hamit.ayran@fmsstech.com +90 532 749 09 10 www.fmss.com.tr FMSS Bilisim Tek. San. Ve Tic. Ltd. Sti Ofisim Istanbul Plaza B36 Tugay cad. No 18 Maltepe Istanbul Turkey https://twitter.com/FmssGlobal https://www.facebook.com/fmssglobal/ https://www.linkedin.com/company/fmss-global/ https://www.instagram.com/fmss.global/?hl=tr

Editor's Notes

  1. https://pixabay.com/en/forest-light-mood-light-beam-657902/
  2. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  3. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  4. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  5. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  6. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  7. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  8. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  9. https://pixabay.com/en/bright-hanging-illuminated-1854161/
  10. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  11. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  12. https://pixabay.com/en/bright-hanging-illuminated-1854161/
  13. https://pixabay.com/en/bright-hanging-illuminated-1854161/
  14. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  15. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  16. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  17. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  18. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  19. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  20. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/
  21. https://pixabay.com/en/office-sitting-room-executive-730681/ https://pixabay.com/en/imac-ipad-computer-tablet-mobile-605421/