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Chapter 2

                                                    Information Technologies:
                                                Concepts, Types and IT Support
Turban and Volonino



                          Information Technology for Management
                      Improving Performance in the Digital Economy

                                                                             7th edition
                                                                 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

                                           Slides contributed by Dr. Sandra Reid
                      Chair, Graduate School of Business & Professor, Technology
                                                        Dallas Baptist University



                                Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.                 2-1
Chapter Outline

• 2.1 Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions
• 2.2 Classification and Types of Information Systems
• 2.3 How IT Supports People
• 2.4 How IT Supports Supply Chains and Business
  Processes
• 2.5 Information Systems Infrastructure, Architecture,
  and Emerging Computing Environments



                   Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-2
Chapter Outline cont’d

• 2.6 Innovative and Futuristic Information
  Systems
• 2.7 Managerial Issues




                 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-3
Learning Objectives

1. Define information systems and describe various types
   of information systems and categorize specific systems
   you observe.
2. Relate and contrast transaction processing and
   functional information systems.
3. Identify the major enterprise internal support systems
   and relate them to managerial functions.
4. Analyze the support IT provides people in different roles
   in the organization.
5. Describe the support IT provides to business processes
   and the supply chain.

                     Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-4
Learning Objectives cont’d

6. Explain information infrastructure and different
   types of information architectures.
7. Distinguish the major types of Web-based
   information systems and understand their
   functionalities.
8. Describe emerging information technologies.
9. Analyze innovative and futuristic IT systems and
   applications.


                   Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-5
Figure IT 7eU The Business Performance
    Management Cycle and IT Model




            Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-6
Mary Kay

Providing Mary Kay employees with own web pages
saves millions.



Mary Kay Rejuvenates its Supply Chain



Mary Kay, Inc. Selects Micromuse’s Netcool Suite


Mary Kay Makes Over Its WAN

Business Services Management: IT’s Higher Calling


 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.             2-7
Mary Kay – cont’d

Mary Kay Advances BSM Strategy/ITIL Adoption With BMC Remedy IT
Service Management

             Use of Social Computing…..




 Check out this interesting video YouTube - Use Social Networking
 for Market Research

  Movies.go.com




                        Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.      2-8
Mary Kay – cont’d
Mary Kay’s Latest Beauty Secret? In-building Wireless




                      Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-9
2.1 Information Systems: Concepts and
Definitions




           Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-10
Figure 2.1




The relationship among data, information, & knowledge.


            Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.       2-11
2.2 Classification and Types of
Information Systems




        Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-12
Figure 2.2




Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-13
Table 2.1




Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-14
Figure 2.3 – Functional information systems.




              Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-15
Figure 2.4




Sales forecast by region, generated by marketing MIS.

           Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.       2-16
Functional / Enterprise Systems

                        SPSS Predictive Analytics Helps State of
                        Texas Recover $400 Million in Unpaid
                        Taxes


                           Predictive Analytics with Micro Strategy




        Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.                     2-17
Sports Teams are High Tech

              On Location: American Airlines Center’s Wi-
              Fi Network




                         Stadiums Go High Tech




               New Meadowlands Stadium Pushing High
               Tech Envelope




      Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.                2-18
US Military Utilizes High Tech Training Practices
Forterra to Integrate Tech with Army Training

Virtual Worlds: The Future of Military Training

NDIA - Soldiers Learn Hazards Of War in Virtual Reality

Virtual training prepares soldiers for real-life operations




                                                  Is the Army's Virtual World Already Here?



                          Halo 3 Meets Second Life



                             Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.                    2-19
Figure 2.5 – Business processes across &
         beyond the enterprise.




            Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-20
Figure 2.6




Departmental, enterprise, and interorganizational information systems.

                     Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.              2-21
Table 2.2




Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-22
Business Performance Management Systems -
                  Dashboards
                    Giving the Boss the Big Picture


                Analyzer Dashboard Screen Shot




Ctuit Radar -
Configurable
Dashboard for
Restaurants




                  Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-23
Dashboards – cont’d
BrightPoint's Google Finance Dashboard




 Click for interactive version of dashboard
        Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-24
Figure 2.7 Sample of a performance dashboard.




 Source: Dundas Software
 (demos1.dundas.com/DundasGauge/MarketingDashboard/Summary.aspx)
                       Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.      2-25
Figure 2.8




Interrelated support systems. The TPS collects information that is used to
build the MIS and the data warehouse. These feed the BI and other
enterprise systems.



                      Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.                 2-26
2.3 How IT Supports People




     Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-27
Table 2.3




Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-28
Figure 2.9 – The information systems support of
             people in organizations.




                Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-29
Figure 2.10




Representative questions in the financial services industry.



                 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.        2-30
2.4 How IT Supports Supply Chains and
Business Processes




          Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-31
IT Supports Supply Chains
 Aerospace & Defense Supply Chains Prepare for
 Uncertainty in 2009


        Swimming Upstream: Your existing supply chain
        technology may not work well in reverse


         Get with the Plan: Aligning Performance
         Goals With Corporate Strategy




                Radio-frequency identification


               What is RFID?


        Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.          2-32
2.5 Information Systems Infrastructure,
Architecture, and Emerging Computing
Environments




            Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-33
Web 2.0

What Is Web 2.0
Design Patterns and
Business Models for
the Next Generation of
Software




                         Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-34
Emerging Computing Environments
  Service Oriented Architectures –
  Five Fearless Predictions for SOA 2009



                            Web service

                                  Software as a service

                           Utility computing

                       Grid computing


Secure, Reliable, Transacted Web Services
Architecture and Composition

                           Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-35
Grid Computing at J.P. Morgan

      J.P. Morgan Harnesses Power with Grid
      Computing System




       Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-36
What’s Up with Wireless?


                              Cities Go Wireless




     Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.        2-37
Enterprise GPS


                            AT&T, TeleNav Team For Enterprise GPS




NYC Taxi Cab Drivers Up in Arms Over Tracking Tech: "GPS
is a BAD Deal"




    Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.                    2-38
A Future of Pervasive Computing?


                                   Pervasive Computing




Pervasive Computing

Ubiquitous Computing: Big Brother's All-Seeing Eye - Part 1

Ubiquitous Computing: Big Brother's All-Seeing Eye - Part 2

Interesting whitepaper!    Pervasive Computing in Healthcare


                            Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-39
2.6 Innovative and Futuristic Information
Systems




             Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-40
Open Source Code Software

CNET Insider Secrets - Open Source Free Software


                                                Top 10 Open Source Stories Of 2008




Interesting whitepaper!   6 Myths About Open Source Code




                            Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.                   2-41
Virtualization – Friend or Foe?

Virtualization….What’s the Big Deal?


Virtualization demo


What is Server Virtualization


 Storage Virtualization


 Interview: Stephen Jenvey on Virtualization


 Interview: Arun Taneja on Storage Virtualization




                           Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-42
Security – is it real?


                                 Security Software Top Ten Surprises




The Duhs of Security


What's your Information Security Quotient?


Computer Security 101




                        Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.         2-43
Figure 2.11
     Features of information systems in 2010.




Source: Nakamoto, H., and M. Komeichi, “IT Roadmap toward 2010,” Nomura
Research Institute, March 1, 2006, Figure 5, p. 7.
nri.co.jp/english/opinion/papers/2006/pdf/np2006102.pdf
                             Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.       2-44
2.7 Managerial Issues




  Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-45
Managerial Issues

• Transition to digital enterprise may be lengthy &
  with lots of opposition to the needed change.
• How to deal with outsourcing & utility computing
  trends.
• Ethical issues.
• Risk of introducing new technologies.
• Importance of supply chain management.
• Importance of business intelligence.

                  Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-46
Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of
  this work beyond that permitted in section 117 of
  the 1976 United States Copyright Act without
  express permission of the copyright owner is
  unlawful. Request for further information should
  be addressed to the Permission Department,
  John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make
  back-up copies for his/her own use only and not
  for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes
  no responsibility for errors, omissions, or
  damages caused by the use of these programs or
  from the use of the Information herein.
                 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.   2-47

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IT501 Ch02

  • 1. Chapter 2 Information Technologies: Concepts, Types and IT Support Turban and Volonino Information Technology for Management Improving Performance in the Digital Economy 7th edition John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Slides contributed by Dr. Sandra Reid Chair, Graduate School of Business & Professor, Technology Dallas Baptist University Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-1
  • 2. Chapter Outline • 2.1 Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions • 2.2 Classification and Types of Information Systems • 2.3 How IT Supports People • 2.4 How IT Supports Supply Chains and Business Processes • 2.5 Information Systems Infrastructure, Architecture, and Emerging Computing Environments Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-2
  • 3. Chapter Outline cont’d • 2.6 Innovative and Futuristic Information Systems • 2.7 Managerial Issues Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-3
  • 4. Learning Objectives 1. Define information systems and describe various types of information systems and categorize specific systems you observe. 2. Relate and contrast transaction processing and functional information systems. 3. Identify the major enterprise internal support systems and relate them to managerial functions. 4. Analyze the support IT provides people in different roles in the organization. 5. Describe the support IT provides to business processes and the supply chain. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-4
  • 5. Learning Objectives cont’d 6. Explain information infrastructure and different types of information architectures. 7. Distinguish the major types of Web-based information systems and understand their functionalities. 8. Describe emerging information technologies. 9. Analyze innovative and futuristic IT systems and applications. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-5
  • 6. Figure IT 7eU The Business Performance Management Cycle and IT Model Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-6
  • 7. Mary Kay Providing Mary Kay employees with own web pages saves millions. Mary Kay Rejuvenates its Supply Chain Mary Kay, Inc. Selects Micromuse’s Netcool Suite Mary Kay Makes Over Its WAN Business Services Management: IT’s Higher Calling Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-7
  • 8. Mary Kay – cont’d Mary Kay Advances BSM Strategy/ITIL Adoption With BMC Remedy IT Service Management Use of Social Computing….. Check out this interesting video YouTube - Use Social Networking for Market Research Movies.go.com Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-8
  • 9. Mary Kay – cont’d Mary Kay’s Latest Beauty Secret? In-building Wireless Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-9
  • 10. 2.1 Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-10
  • 11. Figure 2.1 The relationship among data, information, & knowledge. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-11
  • 12. 2.2 Classification and Types of Information Systems Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-12
  • 13. Figure 2.2 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-13
  • 14. Table 2.1 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-14
  • 15. Figure 2.3 – Functional information systems. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-15
  • 16. Figure 2.4 Sales forecast by region, generated by marketing MIS. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-16
  • 17. Functional / Enterprise Systems SPSS Predictive Analytics Helps State of Texas Recover $400 Million in Unpaid Taxes Predictive Analytics with Micro Strategy Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-17
  • 18. Sports Teams are High Tech On Location: American Airlines Center’s Wi- Fi Network Stadiums Go High Tech New Meadowlands Stadium Pushing High Tech Envelope Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-18
  • 19. US Military Utilizes High Tech Training Practices Forterra to Integrate Tech with Army Training Virtual Worlds: The Future of Military Training NDIA - Soldiers Learn Hazards Of War in Virtual Reality Virtual training prepares soldiers for real-life operations Is the Army's Virtual World Already Here? Halo 3 Meets Second Life Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-19
  • 20. Figure 2.5 – Business processes across & beyond the enterprise. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-20
  • 21. Figure 2.6 Departmental, enterprise, and interorganizational information systems. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-21
  • 22. Table 2.2 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-22
  • 23. Business Performance Management Systems - Dashboards Giving the Boss the Big Picture Analyzer Dashboard Screen Shot Ctuit Radar - Configurable Dashboard for Restaurants Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-23
  • 24. Dashboards – cont’d BrightPoint's Google Finance Dashboard Click for interactive version of dashboard Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-24
  • 25. Figure 2.7 Sample of a performance dashboard. Source: Dundas Software (demos1.dundas.com/DundasGauge/MarketingDashboard/Summary.aspx) Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-25
  • 26. Figure 2.8 Interrelated support systems. The TPS collects information that is used to build the MIS and the data warehouse. These feed the BI and other enterprise systems. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-26
  • 27. 2.3 How IT Supports People Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-27
  • 28. Table 2.3 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-28
  • 29. Figure 2.9 – The information systems support of people in organizations. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-29
  • 30. Figure 2.10 Representative questions in the financial services industry. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-30
  • 31. 2.4 How IT Supports Supply Chains and Business Processes Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-31
  • 32. IT Supports Supply Chains Aerospace & Defense Supply Chains Prepare for Uncertainty in 2009 Swimming Upstream: Your existing supply chain technology may not work well in reverse Get with the Plan: Aligning Performance Goals With Corporate Strategy Radio-frequency identification What is RFID? Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-32
  • 33. 2.5 Information Systems Infrastructure, Architecture, and Emerging Computing Environments Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-33
  • 34. Web 2.0 What Is Web 2.0 Design Patterns and Business Models for the Next Generation of Software Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-34
  • 35. Emerging Computing Environments Service Oriented Architectures – Five Fearless Predictions for SOA 2009 Web service Software as a service Utility computing Grid computing Secure, Reliable, Transacted Web Services Architecture and Composition Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-35
  • 36. Grid Computing at J.P. Morgan J.P. Morgan Harnesses Power with Grid Computing System Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-36
  • 37. What’s Up with Wireless? Cities Go Wireless Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-37
  • 38. Enterprise GPS AT&T, TeleNav Team For Enterprise GPS NYC Taxi Cab Drivers Up in Arms Over Tracking Tech: "GPS is a BAD Deal" Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-38
  • 39. A Future of Pervasive Computing? Pervasive Computing Pervasive Computing Ubiquitous Computing: Big Brother's All-Seeing Eye - Part 1 Ubiquitous Computing: Big Brother's All-Seeing Eye - Part 2 Interesting whitepaper! Pervasive Computing in Healthcare Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-39
  • 40. 2.6 Innovative and Futuristic Information Systems Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-40
  • 41. Open Source Code Software CNET Insider Secrets - Open Source Free Software Top 10 Open Source Stories Of 2008 Interesting whitepaper! 6 Myths About Open Source Code Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-41
  • 42. Virtualization – Friend or Foe? Virtualization….What’s the Big Deal? Virtualization demo What is Server Virtualization Storage Virtualization Interview: Stephen Jenvey on Virtualization Interview: Arun Taneja on Storage Virtualization Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-42
  • 43. Security – is it real? Security Software Top Ten Surprises The Duhs of Security What's your Information Security Quotient? Computer Security 101 Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-43
  • 44. Figure 2.11 Features of information systems in 2010. Source: Nakamoto, H., and M. Komeichi, “IT Roadmap toward 2010,” Nomura Research Institute, March 1, 2006, Figure 5, p. 7. nri.co.jp/english/opinion/papers/2006/pdf/np2006102.pdf Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-44
  • 45. 2.7 Managerial Issues Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-45
  • 46. Managerial Issues • Transition to digital enterprise may be lengthy & with lots of opposition to the needed change. • How to deal with outsourcing & utility computing trends. • Ethical issues. • Risk of introducing new technologies. • Importance of supply chain management. • Importance of business intelligence. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-46
  • 47. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without express permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the Permission Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the Information herein. Copyright 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2-47