The use of big data for public transport performance measurement

1. Using Big Data to Improve
Public Transport Performance
Roberto Baldessari
NEC Laboratories Europe
roberto.baldessari@neclab.eu
BigDataEurope Workshop
October 7th, 2015
Palais des Congrès, Bordeaux

2. 2 Using Big Data to Improve Public Transport Performance
NEC’s Transportation Business
▌Public Transportation
 Bus AVL, AFC, ETA, Passenger Info (leader in JP)
 Scheduling and communication systems
▌Road Infrastructure
 Highway traffic control
 Hybrid camera-based traffic counting / HOV
 5.8 GHz “ITS Spot” and ETC road-side systems
▌Fleet Management
 Drive recorders, ecoDriving, fleet
tracking/insurance, accident database
▌Automotive on-board
 V2X platform (HW and SW)
 Mono-vision image recognition system
 Nissan Leaf Li-Ion batteries
 76 GHz radar for Adaptive Cruise Control
▌Automotive IT
 HPC, Product Data Management & Production
Control in all continents
▌Automotive After-market
 5.8 GHz on-board ETC with card reader

3. 3 Using Big Data to Improve Public Transport Performance
What is “Big Data” for NEC
▌Platforms: parallel,
in-memory, vector
▌Acquisition: IoT,
M2M, pre-processing
▌Analytics: deep
learning, HML, SIAT
IoT
Platform

4. 4 Using Big Data to Improve Public Transport Performance
Public Transit – Quality Incentive Contracts
▌Background
Large cities adopting QICs based on KPIs
like Excess Waiting Time (EWT)
London introduced 3:2 incentive/penalty
schemes, Singapore has followed
Regularity is the goal, rather then
absolute punctuality
▌Data analytics reveal
1) Current EWT performance
2) Worst performing routes
3) Key bottlenecks on the route
4) Causes for dwell time at bottlenecks
5) Time table improvement margin
Source:
Singapore LTA

5. 5 Using Big Data to Improve Public Transport Performance
EWT Profile and Optimization from AVL Data
▌Bus operators and municipalities/
authorities often don’t know how
their public transit scores
▌Simple analytics derives hot spots
to attack in order to reduce EWT
Focus for improvement

6. 6 Using Big Data to Improve Public Transport Performance
Bus Load Profile from AVL Data
▌Load profile simply based on
AVL data (GPS + flags)
Current schedule (reverse
engineered)
▌70% accuracy vs passenger
counters
▌Surrogate / complement to
APC systems
AVL Data Current Schedule
Supervised ML
Typical
Bus Load
Profiles
Morning
peak run
Evening
peak run

7. 7 Using Big Data to Improve Public Transport Performance
Automating Schedule Coverage
▌Generate new or review
existing schedule coverage
▌Automated time-consuming,
error-prone task
▌Large KPI improvement
potential
AVL Data
Unsupervised ML
Schedule
Clusters
Optional APC
Data
Suggested
Change

8. 8 Using Big Data to Improve Public Transport Performance
Bus Driving Analysis
▌Visualization of vehicle travel path, alerts and events
▌Analysis targets
▌Planned KPI vs actual
▌Fuel consumption and other parameters

9. 9 Using Big Data to Improve Public Transport Performance
Bus Driving Analysis Benefits
Fuel saving (up to 20%) by improving drivers’ behavior
• Monitor, Analyze, Correct (counseling and training), Continuous Feedback
Safety
• Identify trend and potentially dangerous patterns
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10. 10 Using Big Data to Improve Public Transport Performance
Public Transportation Big Data Vision
▌Combine conventional
and new sources
▌Public safety and
transport
▌Value co-creation
through data stores /
IoT platforms
▌Personalized guidance
and incentive
▌Customer feedback
▌Events as a benchmark
Video-based Crowd
Behavior Analysis
Crowd Counting
AFC Tap-in & tap-out
Sensor-based Crowd
Detection
Event ticketing
Transport App