A presentation of the Electric Roads Program for Heavy Vehicles in the Swedish Transport Administration, and the study on the introduction of E--buses in Sweden

1. Electric Roads and E-buses
in Sweden
”Bus2Go”
Heilbronn 3 December 2019
Björn Hasselgren, PhD
Senior Advisor
Swedish Transport Administration

2. Tasks of the Swedish Transport Administration
• To be responsible for the long-term planning
of the traffic system for road and rail transport, shipping and aviation
• To be responsible for the construction, operation and
maintenance of State roads and railways
• Procuring inter-regional public transportation solutions in all of Sweden
• Providing support for the shipping industry

3. 3
Electric Road System, ERS
“Road supplemented with an electrical
installation intended for the transmission of
electrical energy to vehicles during travel”
Also known as
- Dynamic transfer
- In motion charging

4. 4
Why Electric Road Systems?
Carbondioxideemission(millionton)
Traffic development
Forecast based on
existing decisions
Climate goal
70% reduction to 2030 and no
net emissions 2045
History
Existing
decisions
and
measures
Additional
measures
needed
Additional benefits
- Air Quality
- Energy Efficiency
- Enable new technology
- Energy diversity
- Energy Security
Reduction of
greenhouse
gases
Electric roads
systems, ERS?

5. 5
CollERS – A partnership for innovation
Electric Road Systems (ERS)
Sweden, Germany and France agree
to work together to enhance electric
road systems technology, identify
means for cross-border operability
and campaign at European level for
the wider spread of this technology.

6. 6
Governmental assignment “Electric roads”
Three parts
• The basis for electric roads to be part
of the state owned road network
• Road map
• Deployment
• Swedish-German-French
cooperation on e-mobility ERS Roadmap
Ownership
Business
models
Social economic
Health, Safety &
Risk
Landscape,
Nature &
Cultural
Planering &
selection of road
network
Power supply
Law, Regulation
& Standard
Technology &
deployment
Funding &
payment
Market and
stake-holders

7. 7
Roadmap in brief
2. Promote ERS technologies 3. Implement a
major ERS pilot
1. Market, funding &
Business models
TRL 5-6 TRL 8-9TRL 8
Electricity trading
companies
Grid owners
Electric road
infrastructure
Users/shippers
Vehicle manufacturers
Road infrastructure
4. Long term plan for
deployment of ERS

8. 8
Source: Scania

9. Electric road system (ERS) combined with
charging stations for stationary charging
9
Only ERS Charging stations alongside ERS Charging stations outside ERS
Illustrative scenario
• Charging stations are placed alongside the
electrified road with ERS infrastructure
• Combining ERS and charging stations can
increase redundancy in the system, reach
several different types of vehicles and use
excisting power grid
A B C
Electrified road
ERS infrastructure
Charging station for stationary charging
• The road network is electrified for heavy goods
vehicles using ERS infrastructure
• Charging stations are placed outside the
electrified road with ERS infrastructure in order
to increase the reach for electrified transport
• Charging stations can be placed near loading
docks, alongside the road, or depot charging
• Charging stations can be utilized by vehicles not
using the ERS infrastructure

10. E-buses survey 2019
• Purposes: Chart, compare and analyse
• Three Regions: Stockholm (TRF), Skåne (SK) och Västra
Götaland (VT)
• Four perspectives:
Technology
Business models, organisation and procurement
A broader social perspective
Digitisation

11. Public transport in Sweden
• A network of actors
 RKM, Regional Public Transport Authorities
 Bus-operators
 Municipalities and private land owners
 Manufacturers; buses and charging equipment
 Power grid companies and electricity trading
companies

12. Technology
• Focus – city buses
• Charging strategies
• TRF: Prepares depots for stationary charging
• SK: Mixed operator/RKM responsibility
• VT: Bus operators decide charging strategy
• Power grids – will they suffice?
• None of the RKM concerned, but discusses with power grid
companies
• Batteries
• All actors concerned about social responsibility challenges
and sustainability at large

13. Incentives and targets
• Main incentives
 Reduced noise
 Improved air quality
 Reduced GGG emissions
 Energy efficiency
 Attractive public transport
• Government subsidies and incentives welcome but not
decisive
• Targets
 TRF: No official targets
 SK: Ambitions but no set targets
 VT: 30 % e-buses until 2025

14. • Previously demonstration and test-facilities/projects
• Now – existing and new agreements with operators
• Functional requirements, a few specified requirements
• Future procurement will necessitate more dialogue at
an earlier stage in the process
Procurement and agreements

15. 15
Altered cost structure
• Increased capital expenditure possibly balanced by
decreased operating expenditure (operations
+maintenance)
• Secondary market for used buses to be developed,
uncertain development
• Increased life-time of buses calls for longer
procurement periods (as do increased CAPEX)

16. E-buses and city-planning
• RKMs and the cities seem this far not to have changed
planning strategies for buses
• Insufficient coordination in relation to other electrification
processes, also in transport
-> inefficiencies and lacking electricity capacity
• Reasons why:
• Technology
• Legal
• Customs?

17. 17
Digitisation
• All operators and RKMs are implementing the ITxPT-
communication standard
• Electrification and digitisation are not a necessary
combination or mutually dependent
• But: electrification supports the introduction of
autonomous vehicle technology

18. 18
Comparing with other actors
(1) Bloomberg New Energy Finance. (2019). ElectricVehicle Outlook 2019

19. 19
Conclusions
1. Actors struggle to keep their traditional roles and
responsibilities
2. E-buses might lead to increased responsibilities
and role for the bus-operators
3. Widened and deepened cooperation and
coordination is necessary to underpin the
shift to e-buses – reducing uncertainty

20. electricroads.org
Welcome to the 4th ERS World Conference
in Sweden, Lund, May 12-13 2020

21. Thanks!
Björn Hasselgren, PhD
Senior Advisor
bjorn.hasselgren@trafikverket.se
+46707623316