discussion of philosophical foundation of education.

1. EDAM514 CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT
Chapter 2: FOUNDATION OF CURRICULUM
PHILOSOPHICAL
FOUNDATION
B O Y E T B. A L U A N
SLSU-LUCBAN, QUEZON

2. PHILOSOPHY
O It comes from 2 Greek words “philo” meaning
love and “sophos” meaning wisdom.
O It is a science of being ultimate reason cited
by Aluan from the book of Duka 2010.
O Aluan defines philosophy as the root of beliefs
guided you in formulating ideas with
reasonable judgments. This helps teachers to
reflect on certain key issues and concepts in
education as cited by Aluan from the work of
Oregon States of Education.

3. What is your Philosophy?
What is
knowledge
?
What is the
nature of
learning?
What is
teaching?
"What
should be
learned?

4. My Formulated Philosophy

5. Your Philosophy
is your beliefs about why, what and how
you teach, whom you
teach, and about the nature
a set of principles thatofguleidaersning
professional action through the
events and issues teachers face
daily Sources for your educational philosophy
are your life experiences, your values, the
environment in which you live, interactions
with others and awareness of philosophical
approaches

6. Four General or World
Philosophies
Philosophical schools of thought
Idealism-Plato Realism-Aristotle
Pragmatism (sometimes
called experientialism)derive from
the works of Charles Sanders
Peirce (1839-1914) and applied by
Dewey in his progressive approach
and
Existentialism-
Soren Kierkegaard
(1813-1855
*Scholasticism-
St. Aquinas
(combination of Idealist and
realist) known as Neo-
Thomism
**Naturalism-
Rousseau another
Western Philosophy

7. Philosoph
y
Aims Method Teacher School
Idealism to discover
and develop
each
individual's
abilities and
full moral
excellence in
order to
better serve
society
Informal
dialect, Q&A
, lecture,
field Trip,
project,
yoga,
reading
Curriculum
emphasis
on literature,
history,
philosophy,
and religion
Source of
knowledge,
excellent
Thinking institution,
develops moral
character, promotes
cultural learning

8. Philosophy Aims Method Teacher School
Realism/ no
universal and
unchanging
values
Gratificatio
n of human
needs,
giving
direction to
his
tendency,
potential
Scientific
method,
process
approach,
experimenta
tion,
discovery,
mastery of
facts
through
demonstrati
on and
recitations
Curriculum
. The Realist
curriculum
emphasizes
the subject
matter of
the physical
world,
particularly
science and
mathematics
-Help to realize
(student) they can
enter into the
meaning of their
experience.
-organizes and
presents content
systematically
within a discipline,
demonstrating use
of criteria in
making decisions
Utilize student activity
through instruction,
regards student as
more superior, develop
scientific attitude
The ultimate reality is
the world of physical
objects

9. Phi.. Aims Met.. teacher SCHOOL
Pragmatism
/
experimenta
lism
-only those
things that
are
experienced
or observed
are real
For social
efficacy-quest
for
new ideas to
adjust the
ever
changing
society
- reality is
constantly
changing
and that we
learn best
through
applying our
experiences
and thoughts
to problems,
as they arise
Experimenta
l,
constructive
projects,
motivation,
lab-work,
field trips,
lib-work
Keep order in
class, facilitate
group work,
encourage
Miniature of society,
agency for
enculturation,
All learning is dependent on the
context of place, time, and
circumstance. Different cultural and
ethnic groups learn to work
cooperatively and contribute to a
democratic society
-Dewey
thought must produce action, rather
than linger in the mind and lead to
indecisiveness
-Peirce

10. Existentialism
-subjective
andlies within
individual
Freedom of
choice
-responsibility
for deciding
who we are.
The focus is on
freedom, the
development
of authentic
individuals, as
we make
meaning of our
lives
Dialog,
inquiry, Q&A,
Social heritage
over
experience
Provider of
experience,
effective
communicator
Create atmosphere for
social interaction
Individual choice and individual
standards rather than external
standards are central
"Who am I and what
should I do?
We should not accept anyone else's
predetermined philosophical system;
rather, we must take responsibility for
deciding who we are

11. Is the integration of Idealism
and realism. Man is irrational
Used by churches

12. Naturalism
Nat Rou
Be all end all of reality.
Pupil regard on physical side.
Harmony in nature
School
extension of school
Teacher
surrogate parent/
loco parentis

13. Educational Philosophies
These educational
philosophical approaches are
currently used in classrooms
the world over
Perennialism,
Reconstructionism
Progressivism
Essentialism

14. Contemporary
Philosophy
PHILOSOPHY AIMS METHOD TEACHER SCHOOL
Perennialism
Less
emphasis on
vocational
Internalize
truths that
are
universal
and
constant
develop
rational
and mpral
powers.
acquire
understandi
ngs about
the great
ideas of
Western
civilization
Subject
centered,
great book
Classroom
centered
Socratic
dialogue.
Authority
figure,
Master and
expertise not
be questioned
Social institution

15. Essentialism
William Bagley, James D. Koerner, H. G. Rickover, Paul
Copperman , Theodore Sizer
Essentialis
m
Model
citizen
race and
social
heritage
over
experience
s
To acquire
basic skills.
Transmit
culture,
knowledge
and values
4r’s.
Prepare for
adult life.
Longer
school day,
textbooks,
drill,
lecture,
method to
cover
much
topics
Recitation/
memorizati
on
Mastery of
subject.
Fountain of
info.
Paragon of
virtues.
Prepares student
for adult life

16. Progressivis
m
Live life fully
now, hands-on
minds-on
From
pragmatism
.
Teach to
develop
individual
to become
enlightened
and
intelligent.
Need
based
curriculum
/
relevant
ideas,
respond
student
needs
Utilizes
experiment
al
Reflective
Cooperati
ve learning
strategies
Observati
on and
participatio
n
Facilitator
Consultant
leader
Accept
impermanent of
life and
inevitability of
change
Social developer

17. Social-reconstruct
ionism
Reform for
society/
solving
problem of
mankind
Scientific
inquiry,
problem
solving,
forum,
brainstorm
ing,
concept
approach,
project
method
Lead young in
designing
program for
social change.
Primary agent of
social changes
center of
controversy

18. Koran
F
o
T

20. Indian Philosophy
Vedic-religion
Hinduism
•Respect ideal
way of life
•Yoga mid
discipline
Vedic Religion
Buddhism
• Life was
suffering
Vedic Religion
H B u B r
Brahmanistic/
Paganism

21. man
• Sage or wise
life
• Is deem and desirable
Cycle of up
side down
• Win or loose
Thought an
action
• Action agrees with thought

22. Chinese
Philosophy
• Teaches moral life
through devotion to the
family, loyalty to elders,
love of learning, civil
service love for justice
(universal)
Confucianism
(551-479bc)
Confucious
CD
• --tao– way or path
• Harmony with nature
• Nature—sacred
Taoism/Daoism
L/Dao Tzu

23. References
1. Boyet B. Aluan, Foundation of Education: Philosophical
Foundation of education A Power Point presentation 2010
2. B. Aluan, Philosophical Perspective in Education: From
the works of Oregon States of education, A powerpoint
presentation 2014.

24. Thank you!
Educators
’ inspire
the
learners
to learn
how to
love
learning!