Bill Orr and Ed Wansing of the Collaborative for High Performance Schools (CHPS) discuss strategies for schools and districts to "go green", including strategies for new modular, prefab buildings and existing schools.

1. CHPS Think You Can’t
Afford Green?
Think Again.
Nashville, TN Bill Orr, CHPS
September 18, 2011 Ed Wansing, CHPS

2. The Mission of CHPS
CHPS
To make schools better
places to learn

3. CHPS
CHPS History
• 2002  First CHPS Criteria Developed for California
• 2005  First CHPS Criteria Licensed Outside of California
• 2006  BPM Relocatable Classrooms Volume Published
• 2007  CHPS Verified Introduced
• 2008  CHPS Becomes National Organization
• 2009  BPM Relocatable Classrooms Volume Revised
• 2009  High Performance Products Database Released
• 2010  Operations Report Card Introduced
• 2011 CHPS Verified for Prefab Classrooms Unveiled

4. Loyola Elementary, CA
Major Modernization
High Performance
All Schools Can Be
CHPS

5. CHPS
Best Practices Manual
Five volumes for a
variety of stakeholders
CHPS Road Map

6. CHPS
Relocatable Classrooms
for High Performance Schools
2009 Edition
Download: www.chps.net/dev/Drupal/node/41

7. CHPS

8. CHPS
Best Practices Manual:
2009 Relocatables Volume
• Best Practices– Design for High Performance
Relocatable Classrooms
– Daylighting
– Electric Lighting
– HVAC
– Building Envelope
– Finish Materials
• Criteria and Scorecard

9. CHPS
Relocatables Project Recognition
Presents a path for
compliance for providers
and school owners
Pre-Certified: Build/purchase
a classroom that achieves the
minimum number of points as
outline in the new Relocatable
Criteria, also included in this
manual (pg. 67)

10. CHPS
Criteria for High Performance
Relocatable Classrooms
7 High Performance Categories
Sustainable Sites (SS)
Water (WE)
Energy (EE)
Materials (ME)
Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
New for 2009 Edition
Leadership, Education and Innovation (LEI)
Climate Change (CL)

11. CHPS
Criteria for High Performance
Relocatable Classrooms
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings
Minimum Qualifications:
Manufacturers: 18 Points
Schools: 7 Points
Modernizations (Schools): 18 Points

12. CHPS
Manufacturer Tasks
1. Meet all manufacturer prerequisites
2. Earn at least 18 points
3. Seek CHPS Verified status
4. Market high performance model to school
owners

13. CHPS
School Owner Tasks
1. Lease or purchase a “pre-certified”
Classroom Model
2. Meet all School Prerequisites
3. Seek CHPS Verified Status
4. Earn at least 7 points
5. Receive Recognition for having a
CHPS Verified Classroom Building

14. CHPS
Category: Leadership, Education and Innovation
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings

15. CHPS
Category: Sustainable Sites
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings

16. CHPS
Category: Energy Efficiency
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings

17. CHPS
Category: Climate
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings

18. CHPS
Category: Materials and Waste Management
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings

19. CHPS
Category: Indoor Environmental Quality
Key for the Criteria
(MFR) = Responsibility of the manufacturer/provider
(SCH) = Responsibility of the school owner or design team
(MOD) = Applicable for modernizations of relocatable/modular buildings

20. CHPS
CHPS Verified For High
Performance Prefabricated
Classrooms

21. CHPS
Goals for CHPS Verified for
Prefabricated Classrooms
Goal 1: Provide product label that
clearly designates high
performance building status

22. CHPS
Goals for CHPS Verified for
Prefabricated Classrooms
Goal 1: Provide product label that
clearly designates high
performance building status
Goal 2: Get manufacturers
recognition for the elements they
can control

23. CHPS
Goals for CHPS Verified for
Prefabricated Classrooms
Goal 1: Provide product label that
clearly designates high
performance building status
Goal 2: Get manufacturers
recognition for the elements they
can control
Goal 3: Provide a streamlined
process for recognizing
prefabricated pre-certified building
models

24. CHPS
High Performance Products Database
Product Profile Certification
www.chps.net/database/
Sales Contacts
Company Profile

25. CHPS
High Performance Products Database
Product Profile Proposed Database Categories Certification
Caulks and Adhesives
Decking
Doors
CHPS Verified Prefabricated
Classrooms
Exterior Finish and Trim
Sales Contacts Flooring and Floor Coverings
Furniture and Finishings Company Profile
Interior Finish and Trim
www.chps.net/database/

26. CHPS
Changing the Game
Six marketing roundtable sessions
Objective 1: Create consensus on
improvements to the CHPS
program
Objective 2: Create consensus on
how to move forward as an
industry

27. CHPS
Recommendation #1:
Use a Term That Has a Common
Meaning for Providers and Customers
• Permanent modular vs. temporary portable/
relocatable
• Prefabricated classroom
• Off-site built classroom

28. CHPS
Recommendation #2:
Provide Recognition Levels
• Provide some amount of
additional recognition to
superior projects
• Address quantitative and
qualitative improvements

29. CHPS
Recommendation #2:
Provide Recognition Levels
CHPS Verified Leader - New Construction Example
• CA & TX New construction projects must earn minimum of
64 points - CO must earn 60 points
– Claim at least 2 points in LEI and CL
– 5 points in SS, WE and ME
– 10 points in EE, and
– 12 points in EQ
New Buildings On Existing Campuses
• Major modernizations and new buildings on existing
campuses must earn at least 50 points in CA, TX, 48 points
in CO and 45 Points in MA

30. CHPS
Recommendation #3:
Address the Correct Audience
• CHPS can serve as a
clearinghouse of information
• Address school owners and
design professionals
• Look for key organizational
partners

31. CHPS
Recommendation #4:
Education is Key
• Educate on the benefits
• Address cost as well as
lifecycle analysis
• Need to educate both
providers and customers

32. CHPS
Recommendation #5:
Make Responsibility for Each
Prereq/Credit Clear to Customer
• Some prereqs and credits require
additional tasks by provider after
siting
• These are different from tasks that
must be completed by school owner
• CHPS should make this clear by
making space on the scorecard for
provider to show responsibility for
completion

33. CHPS
Recommendation #6:
Certify a Base Model and Allow for
Add-ons or Other Models
• One of the main benefits of
prefabricated buildings is
customizability
• CHPS should allow for add-
ons

34. CHPS Case Study:
High Tech High Chula
Vista
• First CHPS® Verified School in CA
• Public Charter School
• Custom, Prefabricated Elements
• EnergyStar Rating of 94
• Currently Conducting the
Operations Report Card

35. CHPS
Case Study:
High Tech High Chula Vista
Channel: CHPSOnline
http://youtu.be/42uUUZskw2M

36. CHPS
Case Study:
Bolsa Knolls MS
Salinas ,CA
• Second CHPS® Verified School in CA
• Public School
• 60% Reduction in energy use
• Zero additional cost to District for CHPS
• Thermal Displacement Ventilation
• Superior acoustical performance – 35dB(A)

37. CHPS
Case Study:
Bolsa Knolls MS
Salinas, CA
Bolsa Knolls MS CHPS Scorecard
• Sustainable Sites (SS), 2 Prerequisite, 1 point
• Leadership, Education & Innovation (LEI), 1 Prerequisite,
2 points
• Energy (EE), 2 Prerequisites, 6 points
• Climate (CL), 1 Point
• Materials & Waste Management (WE), 2 Prerequisites,
2 points
• Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ), 4 Prerequisite,
22 points
Total (2009 CA-CHPS Verified/PreFab Hybrid): 34
Points

38. CHPS

39. CHPS
Why Existing Schools?
• More than 55 million children spend
their days in 133,000 schools in the
US
• Students attending schools in poor
condition score lower on
standardized tests than students
who attend schools in good
condition
• Nearly 6 out of 10 schools reported
at least one major building element
in disrepair
• ASCE Infrastructure Report Card
gave Schools a “D”

40. CHPS
Why Existing Schools?
• Most of the Schools of the Future
are Already Built
• Invest in High Performance Capital
Improvements and Save Your
General Fund Now and for the Life
of the School
• As soon as it’s built a new school
becomes an existing school
• That’s Where the Money is!

41. CHPS
Operations Report Card
• A CHPS program for existing
school buildings
• Assess current conditions and
recommend improvements
• Recognize high-performance
and high-improvement schools
• Web-enabled toolkit designed for
district-wide deployment
• Engage a wide variety of school
staff:
– Maintenance staff
– Teachers and admins
– Students
– Principals or superintendents

42. CHPS
“Show Me” Performance
Courtesy of
National
Clearinghouse
for Educational
Facilities
www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11756

43. CHPS
Key Elements
Scored Categories
• Energy Efficiency
• Thermal Comfort
• Visual Comfort
• Indoor Air Quality
• Acoustics

44. CHPS
Importance of Lighting Quality
• Quality natural daylight and high
performance electric lighting has
been found to increase performance
and productivity and increase
student test scores
• Reducing reliance on electric
lighting can reduce operating costs
References:
Daylighting in Schools, An investigation into the Relationship Between
Daylighting and Human Performance. Heschong Mahone Group. August
1999
Greening America’s Schools, Costs and Benefits. Gregory Kats. October
2006 www.cap-e.com
Green Schools: Attributes for Health and Learning. Committee to Review
and Assess the Health and Productivity Benefits of Green Schools,
National Research Council. 2006

45. CHPS
Importance of Good Acoustics
• Speech communication is an critical
part of the learning process
• As many as 1/3 of kids in typical
classrooms have extra sensitivity to
poor acoustics due to ESL, HOH, LD,
ADD, speech disabilities, and
relatively frequent colds
• Speech intelligibility research shows
that HOH kids lag peers in
educational achievement
• Intrusive noise distracts students;
high background noise can promote
problematic student-to-student
communication, negatively impacting
“classroom management”

46. CHPS
ImportanceNoise Level Acoustics
Background of Good Fundamentals
Speech 50 dBA (intelligible)
15 dB S/N Ratio
Background Noise (35 dBA)
S/N Ratio: Signal to Noise Ratio

47. CHPS
Elements of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)

48. CHPS
How to Assess and Score
• 100-point scale for each
category
• Energy Efficiency
– ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager
• Auto-tracking of utility bills in some
areas
• ENERGY STAR score will be the
scorecard score
• IAQ, Acoustics, Thermal
Comfort, and Visual Comfort
– Occupant surveys
• Teachers and staff, no students
– Building assessment
• General information
• Detailed sampling

49. CHPS
Evaluation Cycle
General Building
Info & Portfolio
Manager
Develop & Occupant
Implement Action Surveys and
Plan Classroom
Measurements
Generate Scores
&
Suggest
Improvements

50. CHPS
General Building Information
• Complete online worksheets

51. CHPS
Evaluation Cycle
General Building
Info & Portfolio
Manager
Develop & Occupant
Implement Action Surveys and
Plan Classroom
Measurements
Generate Scores
&
Suggest
Improvements

52. CHPS
Occupant Surveys
• Send surveys
– Enter staff emails
– Enter message text
(CHPS provides samples)
– ORC automatically sends
emails, including
reminders
– Email Should come from
senior school official
• Staff complete surveys
• Close survey and review
results
– Sample results document

53. CHPS
Classroom Measurements
• Thermal Comfort:
– Temperatures at various times of day
– Equipment: air temp thermometer
• IAQ
– Temperature, RH, CO, CO2
– Equipment: infrared thermometer,
hygrometer, CO and CO2 meters
• Visual Comfort
– Lighting levels
– Equipment: light level meter
• Acoustics
– Background noise levels, reverb times,
sound insulation
– Equipment: sound level meter, acoustic
analyzer

54. CHPS
Training
• Detailed training
available for each
component
– Occupant Surveys
– Data Collection
• Online, on-demand
videos and instructions
• Available at
www.chps.net/dev/Drupal/node/547

55. CHPS
Recognition
Schools will be recognized for two classes of
achievement:
• Improvement over established • General high performance
baseline – Minimum score in all
– Designed to provide categories: 70
recognition for all types of – Schools near the top of the
schools, old and new alike spectrum without much
– Required improvement in at room for improvement
least 3 categories
– None can decrease
• Recognition includes listing on
the CHPS website and a
printable certificate

56. CHPS
River Valley High School
Overview:
District: Yuba City USD – Central Valley, CA
Grades served: 9-12
Number of Students: 1,647
Year built: 2005
District size: ~13,000 students at 16 campuses
District maintenance budget: $1.4M

57. CHPS
River Valley Report Card

58. CHPS
River Valley Detail
Visual comfort:
Few occupant complaints,
but measured levels were
low in many rooms
IAQ:
Generally good, but elevated
CO2 levels in some
classrooms
Most issues were minor, but
existed in classrooms
rather than admin spaces

59. CHPS
River Valley Results
Overall good results Actions
Issues Re-commissioning HVAC
Minor IAQ problems systems
Low lighting levels Upgrading lighting fixtures
and control systems
Positive EMS results
Checking airflow paths
Some vents were screwed
shut

60. CHPS
Alder Creek Middle School
Overview:
District: Tahoe-Truckee USD, CA
Grades served: 6 – 8
Number of Students: 560
Year built: 2004
CA-CHPS Demonstration School
District size: ~4,000 students at 11 schools

61. CHPS
Alder Creek Report Card

62. CHPS
Alder Creek Detail
Thermal Comfort:
Note low satisfaction in
non-classroom spaces
IAQ:
Not enough fresh air in
heating mode,
resulting in high CO2
levels.

63. CHPS
Alder Creek Results
Good performance, Suggested actions:
except for IAQ Upgrade lighting systems
Issues: Verify schedules and set
High CO2 levels points for HVAC system
Low light in some
classrooms
Temperature problems in
some parts of school

64. CHPS
Center for Early Education
Overview:
Private School: West Hollywood, CA
Grades served: Pre K – 6
Number of Students: 536
Buildings: 3, built from 1967 – 2003

65. CHPS
CEE Report Card

66. CHPS
CEE Report Card
Detail

67. CHPS
CEE Detail
Visual Comfort:
Great results!
Acoustics:
Good survey response
Some minor issues identified
through measurements
Sound insulation between
spaces

68. CHPS
CEE Results
First school to qualify for Suggested improvements
high performance • Consider adjusting cooling
recognition! set points to address
Score > 70 in all categories temperature concerns
Few issues: • Add door seals or additional
insulation to keep
• Portable heaters used in classrooms quieter
some admin spaces
• Sound leaking between
some spaces

69. CHPS
Cost to Participate
• First two schools:
$900/school
• 3rd and 4th schools:
$700/school
• 5th and more:
$500/school

70. CHPS
ORC To Do List
1. Sign up!
2. Enter basic school info
3. Upload list of teachers
and staff
4. Send occupant surveys
5. Collect classroom data
6. Complete Portfolio
Manager
7. Click “Finalize and
Submit”

71. CHPS
NEW – There’s an App
• Data collection and
student engagement
• iPhone or iPod Touch
http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/orc-
mobile/id465506974?mt=8
• Mobile Web
• Teacher/Student Guide
Coming Soon
• Waste Reduction & Water
Conservation modules

72. CHPS
Exercise
• Thermal Comfort:
– Temperature
– Equipment: air temp thermometer
• IAQ
– Temperature, RH, CO, CO2
– Equipment: infrared thermometer,
hygrometer, CO and CO2 meters
• Visual Comfort
– Lighting levels
– Equipment: light level meter
• Acoustics
– Background noise level
– Equipment: sound level meter

73. CHPS
CEE Floor Plan

74. CHPS
Classroom Selection
A minimum of 25% of
classrooms based upon
HVAC type/zone per
building should be
observed and recorded
• Acquire the floorplan
• Indicate the HVAC type for
each classroom
• Determine the number of
classrooms for testing
• Select which classrooms will
be tested
• Complete the data collection
sheets for each one

75. CHPS
CEE Floor Plan

76. CHPS
Data Collection:
Thermal Comfort

77. CHPS
Data Collection:
Background Noise

78. CHPS
Data Collection:
Lighting Levels

79. CHPS
QA
Bill Orr
Executive Director
415-957-9888
borr@chps.net
&
Edward Wansing, Associate AIA, LEED AP
Technical Programs Coordinator – CHPS Verified Program
615-792-4682
ewansing@chps.net
Learn more about CHPS and high performance schools at
www.chps.net