When local practices oppose conservation policies the role of local elites in preventing encroachments in national parks. A case study at Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatera, Indonesia
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This document summarizes a case study on encroachment within Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park in Sumatra, Indonesia. It finds that law enforcement alone is not effective at preventing encroachment due to corruption and the influence of local elites. Encroachment levels vary between villages based on differences in patrol frequency and sanctions. While law enforcement targets individual squatters, the roles of local elites who both support and neglect park protection policy must be considered. Conservation policies need to take into account the social and economic needs of communities living near the park.
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When local practices oppose conservation policies the role of local elites in preventing encroachments in national parks. A case study at Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatera, Indonesia
- 1. When local practices oppose conservation policies: the role of local elites in preventing encroachments in National ParksA case study at Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatera, Indonesia. By Yulia Rahma Fitriana, Jhon Roy Sirait and Patrice Levang “Taking stock of smallholder and community forestry: Where do we go from here?” Montpellier, 24 - 26 March 2010
- 3. The case study: BukitBarisan Selatan National Park
- 5. Implementing low enforcement to meet the diverse needs of villages
- 6. Law enforcement and encroachment level
- 7. Law enforcement is not easy to implement
- 8. Law enforcement must target local elites not the individual squatters3. Conclusion
- 9. 1. Introduction: Encroachment within National Park
- 10. Conservation versus development Flora and Fauna in Protected Area People
- 11. The case study: Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP) Locating BBSNP in Indonesia
- 17. Coffee Plantations in the Park
- 18. People involved in coffee plantation activities
- 21. Village sample Source: Gaveau (2009) Location of villages around the Park
- 22. 2. Results
- 23. Law Enforcement: an efficient tool to protect the Park?
- 24. Typology of households within the villages Protection forest Squatters Villagers Encroachers National Park Village area Villagerslive and hold coffee plantations outside the Park Encroachers live in the village and hold plantations both inside and outside the park Squatters live and hold coffee plantations inside the Park Landless farmers who do not have land ownership
- 25. Diversity of Implementation of Law Enforcement around the Park 3 4 2 1 Low patrol level and sanction frequency High patrol level and low sanction frequency Low patrol level and high sanction frequency High patrol and sanction frequency
- 26. Law enforcement and encroachment level Trimulyo Pemerihan Pagar Bukit Rata Agung TebingRambutan Pelita Jaya
- 31. The intensification of law enforcement applied until now can not solve the problem of increasing number of encroachers in the Park.
- 32. The role that local elites play can be both beneficial and harmful to the Park’s conservation.