Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
From Research to Development Outcomes in the Volta River Basin (2012)
1. From Research to Development
Outcome
Olufunke Cofie
VBDC Annual Science Reflection
Workshop 3-5 July, 2012
Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
2. Session Objectives
• To recall our research for development approach
• To recall our defined outcome targets
• To reflect on how to track and document the
progress in achieving the set targets
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
3. Recall: Elements of the CPWF R4D
• It is not just about doing research, it is research for
development
– We have defined a development challenge which cut across different sectors;
– Designed scientific research projects addressing specific questions in response
to the development challenge;
– Integrated different disciplines (technical, institutional, policy), organizations
(local, national and international)
– Defined a wide range of expected outcome (or changes) in a logical form or
pathway;
– Active engagement of a broad range of stakeholders at different levels in
research design and implementation.
– Adaptive management
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
4. Why all that?
We expected that something would happen:
– Contribute to knowledge through our scientific research and
publications; for our career progression; for our sustenance
– Changes in knowledge, skills and practices of our immediate
target stakeholders
– Ultimate improvement in the livelihoods of farming
communities
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
5. Expected Outcomes
Local Farming Communities
•
•
are applying new knowledge and skills for improving rainwater management to
enhance crop and livestock productivity
are managing small reservoirs effectively, maximizing the benefits from multiple uses.
Government Officials
at different levels and from relevant ministries are using research results and
recommendations for planning, design of RMS and SRs for multiple uses.
IWRM Policy Makers & Implementers
are using tested participatory approaches in their policy development and
implementation for enhanced watershed management.
Development Agencies
have the knowledge and skills to use our up-scaling decision support tool to better
target investments in AWM initiatives in appropriate locations in the Volta basin.
Researchers
have increased capacity in planning, and implementation of integrated, multidisciplinary research for development projects.
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
6. But how do we show it?
• What is the benchmark?
• Where is the evidence?
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
7. Possible Steps
• Define the indicators and benchmark level
1. Do a conscious systematic collection and analysis of information about
the progress with the outcome targets (how and when)
2. Analyse and interpret the information in order to know to what extent
you are realising the set targets
3. Use it to inform the project implementation (e.g comm & engagement
strategies
4. Conclude on the development outcome (link your result to that outcome)
so that by the end of 2013 we can conclude on the development outcome
of the VBDC or would have identified some triggers that will lead to
change – that could be evidence for continuation
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
8. Reflection Questions
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•
Are the defined changes still realistic / valid?
How, who and when to measure progress?
How would you deal with attribution?
What kind of support do you need from V5/CPWF
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
10. •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Choose one key outcome indicator /each actor
State the baseline/benchmark level
What are the intermediary stages of getting there
How who when to measure
Concluding on the development outcome-are you showing cause and effect relationship or correlation
(between the absence of your result )? How do you link your result to that outcome – reflect on it.
because it is difficult
Attribution question example are you now doing things differently-how can we measure the effect of our
work on the change we are seeing? Depends on the kind of change. In some cases it is direct measure. In
some cases it is by proxy. Need to ask why the change
Get them to reflect and see the essence of the M&E and to operationalise some key development
outcomes for M&E so that at any forum to present, we can conlcude on the devt outcome of their work
That by the end of 2013 we can have some triggers that will lead to change. Why all those models
Need to have evidence of the continuation of the project
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
11. Extract from OLM (ToC)
Actor(s) who will
Change in Practice /
change in the same
Behaviour
way
Outcome
pathway 1
Public sector at the local,
district level: relevant
ministries, directorates,
decision makers
More effective planning of
RMS; Policies move away
from sectoral towards
integrated approaches;
Policies create enabling
environments for the
private sector
Change in Knowledge,
Attitude and/or Skills
required to achieve
Practice change
Project’s strategies for
Research output(s) involved
achieving these changes in
in change
KAS and Practice
K: Better understanding of
advantages of integrated
approach; better understanding of
effects of integrated RMS
Policy makers and public sector
practitioners are engaged in
learning alliances, project
workshops, and stakeholder
consultations;
A: Appreciation of participatory
approach; recognition of local
level knowledge on rainwater
management
2d: Targeted recommendations of
RMS; 3c: Guidelines for developing
integrated solutions; 4a: Learning
alliances; 4c: Policy briefs
Risks and
assumptions
It will be possible to engage
the public sector out of
interest that their targets
and agendas can be met
through joint action of
platforms
Policy briefs are sent to the
ministries.
S: Improved skills in applying
tools and guidelines
Narrative 1
The public sector mostly operates in a mono-disciplinary way, which impedes synergies between crop, livestock and water management and hinders tackling problems related to the
interlinkages between the sectors (e.g. water degradation due to livestock drinking). To reverse this and achieve more effective planning of integrated RMS, this project will improve the 2-way
communication with decision makers through (1) involving them in learning alliances and (2) providing access to evidence-based information on RMS. This project will strengthen the skills of
the public sector in applying tools and guidelines for developing integrated RMS.
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
12. Monitoring plan
Main project outcome (Critical Outcome targets
changes that are core to project (SMART )
success)
Indicator of progress towards
outcome target (What will you
observe and measure to know
change is happening?)
Key regional policy and
extension officials from
ministries of agriculture,
livestock and water : Do more
effective implementation and
dissemination of RMS
Number of planning sessions for
integrated action plans ; Number of
stakeholders attending planning
sessions; Presence of a plan
Develop regional level
integrated RMS action
plans or develop RMS
integration guidelines
document
Number and frequency of LA
meetings; Number of actors (esp.
public officials); participant profiles;
Respective RMS issues discussedobserved in Learning Alliance; level
of knowledge about RMS
Andes • Ganges • Limpopo • Mekong • Nile • Volta
How to measure progress towards outcome targets
(monitoring the indicators)
when
how
who
The starting conditions
against which progress will
be measured, and how will
they be established? (The
baseline and the tools and
methods you will use to
establish it)
LA Survey
Annually
Logbook of learning
alliance; Reports from
learning alliance; 3.
Survey on operations
and perceptions of LA
every 9 months
including at the
beginning.
INERA
Notes de l'éditeur
So for a R4D program, research is not an end itself, it is a means to an end. That is why we have gone all the way to do what we have been doing