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Interpreting the Shadows on
the Elephant in the Room
Why Economic Arguments Fail to Explain Scholarly Communications
@cameronneylon
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-716X
Slides:
https://www.flickr.com/photos/28879143@N05/3906915492	
  pwjamroCC	
  BY
https://www.flickr.com/photos/letsgoout-­‐bournemouthandpoole/10438068606	
  Lets	
  Go	
  Out	
  Bournemouth	
  and	
  Poole	
  CC	
  BY
Hanabusa Itchō(1652–1724)	
  from	
  Library	
  of	
  Congress	
  Collection	
  via	
  Wikimedia	
  Commons	
  – Public	
  Domain
https://www.flickr.com/photos/bay_lee777/15812474896	
  Sumoyra Haze	
  CC	
  BY
From	
  Hand	
  Shadows:	
  the	
  Complete	
  Art	
  of	
  Shadowgraphy(1913)	
  Louis	
  Nikola	
  Public	
  Domain	
  Asserted
He who receives an idea from me, receives
instruction himself without lessening
mine; as he who lights his taper at mine,
receives light without darkening me.
Thomas Jefferson
…knowledge is a club good
How do we sustain public-making?
How do we sustain the club?
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Decorated_Indian_elephant.jpg Faraz UsmaniCC	
  BY
https://www.flickr.com/photos/115654243@N04/22116546695	
  Stephen	
  Clarkson	
  CC	
  BY
• Collective (Public-Like) Goods are
difficult for large groups to
provision
• Small groups can work together
• Large groups will fail except under
specific circumstances
Institutions are the the
prescriptions that humans
use to organize all forms of
repetitive and structured
interactions
Ostrom – Governing the Commons
Culture is one of these institutions…
CULTURE
GROUP
Hartley and Potts (2014)
Cultural Science
CULTURE
GROUP
ENVIRONMENT
Hartley and Potts (2014)
Cultural Science
Knowledge as a product of translation
ESOTERIC
Ludwig Fleck (1981 [1935])
Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact
ESOTERIC
EXOTERIC
Ludwig Fleck (1981 [1935])
Genesis and Development of a Scientific Fact
*
*
So what does any of this have to do
with economics of publishing…?
Ted	
  Bergstrom,	
  photo	
  of	
  slide	
  from	
  Watching	
  Your	
  Cards	
  in	
  the	
  Big	
  DealScience	
  
Europe	
  Meeting	
  on	
  Business	
  Models	
  in	
  Scholarly	
  Publishing,	
  Fair	
  use	
  asserted
*
https://www.flickr.com/photos/mattandkim/94501077	
  Shever CC	
  BY
*
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Midyat_Silver_Jewelry_1310249_Nevit.jpg	
  Nevit DilmenCC	
  BY-­‐SA
Photo  Credit:  Ivy  Allen  /  USFWSPublic  Domain
How can we prevent APC
pricing being tied to prestige?
https://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/5890978600	
  Library	
  of	
  Congress	
  No	
  known	
  copyright
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ggphoto36/6834262219	
  	
  Gary	
  Giddens	
  CC	
  BY
Can we shift the behaviour of
institutional underwriters?
https://www.flickr.com/photos/amanderson/32953072660	
  amanderson2	
  CC	
  BY
ENVIRONMENT
https://www.flickr.com/photos/43555660@N00/12277867315	
  Carine06	
  CC	
  BY-­‐SA
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hoehlengleichnis.svg	
  LiquidianCC	
  BY-­‐SA
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Elephant_show_in_Chiang_Mai_P1110469.JPG	
  Deror AviCC	
  BY	
  SA
https://www.flickr.com/photos/dno1967b/7753070058	
  Daniel	
  OinesCC	
  BY
1. Focus on community building
2. Support collective models
3. Define service requirements
4. Build infrastructures
Prestige = Price
Build sustainable communities in
an environment where public-making
is good for those communities
@cameronneylon
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-716X
Slides: http://www.slideshare.net/CameronNeylon/
sustainable-futures-for-research-communication
Interpreting Shadows on the Elephant in the Room

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