Seminar Presentation

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Purpose of watershed management
 Why watershed management needed
 Nomenclature of watershed in India
 Types of watershed
 Source for watershed management
 Factors affecting watershed management
 Methods of watershed management
 Case study
 Watershed management programmes in India
 Benefits of watershed management
 Reference

3. INTRODUCTION
 Water is a basic need for everyone.
 The word “WATERSHED” was introduced in
1920.
 Watershed is defined as a geo-hydrological unit
draining to a common point by a system of
drains.

6. Continued…

7. Why watershed management is needed?
The availability of fresh water in many part of our
country is declining.
Sustainable development can only be achieved by
watershed management.
Water available from sea/ocean is negligible due to high
cost of de-salination.
Karnataka has the highest proportion (79%) drought
prone area in India after Rajasthan.
Karnataka also has the second lowest replenishable
ground water resources among major states after
Rajasthan.

8. Nomenclature of watershed in India
Category Numbers Size (k ha)
Region 6 25000-100000
Basin 35 3000-25000
Catchments 112 1000-3000
Sub catchments 500 200-1000
Watershed 3237 50-200
Sub watershed 12000 10-50
Mille watershed 72000 1-10
Micro watershed 400000 0.5-1

10.  Size of watershed determines the quantity of
rainfall can be stored.
 Smaller the size of watershed less water is
stored.
 Larger watershed can receive more rainfall
and stores it.

11. • Steep slope contribute more runoff due to less
infiltration.
• The length of the slope also affects the runoff.
• Flat land have a more infiltration and less runoff
to watershed.
Continued…

12.  Soil plays a major role in watershed.
 Clayey soil absorb less water and contribute more water
to watershed.
 Sandy soil infiltrate more water and no watershed
structures are built in this place.
Continued…

13. Methods of Watershed Management
 Soil & moisture conservation measures like terracing, bunding,
trenching, vegetative barriers etc.
Fig 1: Terracing Fig 2: Bunding
Fig 3: Vegetative Barriers

14.  Rain water harvesting activities like farm ponds, percolation
tanks, check dams etc.
Fig 4: Farm Pond Fig 5: Check Dams
Continued…

15.  Planting & sowing of multi-purpose trees, shrubs, grasses,
legumes and pasture land development.
Fig 6: LegumesFig 7: Grasses
Fig 8: Trees and Shrubs
Continued…

16.  The groundwater table has increased thus providing
sufficient water to the farmers during summer season.
 It also reduced soil erosion and also facilities plantation,
trees and fodder which is beneficial to the farmers.
 By implementing watershed management technique
farmers can cultivate all season crop thus increasing the
revenue and living standards of the people.
 Due to farm ponding fishery has increased and economic
condition of the people has increased.
Source: Watershed management in rural area – A case study (journal – IJSER)
(Patil, Shivraj G, Wayal, Abhaykumar S)

17. Drought Prone Area Programme (DPAP)
Desert Development Programme (DDP)
National Watershed Development Programme for Rainfed
Agriculture (NWDPRA)
River Valley Project (RVP)
Integrated Watershed Development Programme (IWDP)

18. Benefits of Watershed Management
 The crops yields has increased in dry land farming.
 The soil loss due to erosion was brought down.
 Regeneration of grass lands for more fodder and grass.
 The income of farmers increased considerably.
 Aquatic life (fish) were increased due to construction of ponds.
 The socio-economic condition of the village will be increased.
 Increase in employment opportunities for non-farm sector.
 Increase in surface and ground water availability.

19. REFERENCE
• Dr.MangalaRai, Kuldeep Sharma (2006). “Handbook of Agriculture”,
Indian Council of Agriculture Research, 5th Edition Pg. 348-376.
• J.Nittin Johnson et.al Impact of watershed management on the
groundwater and irrigation potential: A case study, Vol. 2 (ISSN 2277-
3754) 2013 pp 42-45.
• Mrs.VidulaArun Swami et.al. Watershed Management – A means of
sustainable development – A case study, Vol. 3 (ISSN: 0975-5462) 2011
pp 2105-2112.
• Panduranga D et.al.A case study of watershed management for madgyal
village, Vol. 4 (ISSN 2249-8974) 2013 pp 69-72.
• Patil et.al. Watershed management in rural area – A case study, Vol. 1
(ISSN 2347-3878) 2013 pp 102-106.
• Sharada S. Tanavade et.al.A case study of watershed development in
sangola – Maharashtra, Vol. 4 (ISSN 2319-7064) 2015 pp 113-116.
• Website www.watershed department.com

20. Queries…?

21. SAVE WATER…