1. Safety in Hazmat
transportation
Changhyun Kwon
University at Buffalo
Department of Industrial and
Systems Engineering
July 10, 2013

2. What is called Hazardous Material? (Hazmat)
In our daily life , we
need
 Gasoline,
 Fuel oil,
 Petroleum,
 Glue,
 Paint,
 ….
For
 Fueling vehicles
 Heating homes, offices
 Manufacturing
 Mining
 Farming
 Medicine
 …
About 20% of trucks carry hazmat.

3. Why Hazardous?
HAZMAT can be
 Solid, liquid, or gas
Categorized to:
 Flammable
 Explosive
 Poisonous
 Corrosive
 Radioactive
 …

4. UB uses hazmat!

5. What are the consequences of a Hazmat accident?
 It can harm people, other living
organisms, properties, environment, …
Hazmat release during
transport caused
undesirable damage to
property , environment
Injuries, fatalities due to hazmat
accident

6.  Trucks : 53.9 %
 Pipeline : 28.9 %
 Water : 6.7 %
 Rail : 5.8 %
 Other : Air, … 5.4 %
 …
Hazmat shipment

7. Hazmat shipment statistics & reports
1996
 15,000
incidents of
Hazmat
transportation
in US
 429 serious
incidents
 13 deaths, 198
injuries,
 16,250 gallons of
chlorine released
from a derailed train
in Montana
 1 fatality
 787 hospitalizations
 1,000 evacuations
 $4.5 million clean up
cost
1998
Number of the accidents is low
2005
 Collision of an
ammonia truck in
Mexico
 39 fatalities
 200, 000 evacuations
 118 injuries
 $38 million damage
cost
Hazmat accident consequence is
catastrophic

8. U.S. Hazmat Incidents in 2012

9. Safety in Transportation of Hazardous
Material is a significant challenge.

10. Who are most in danger during Hazmat transportation!
Hazmat carriers. Ex. truck drivers, other personnel
Regular vehicle drivers, passengers
People residing in the vicinity of the roads and highways

11. Laws and regulations on hazmat transportation by governmental
institutions
 Ex: United Nations’ law for Dangerous Goods Transportation
What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
methods and procedures to make
sure the hazmat transportation as safe
as possible.
formal identifications and
classifications to each kind of the
hazmat
keep track of the pre-transportation
related requirements
1

12. United Nations’ law for Dangerous Goods Transportation. Ex.
 Train the personnel before transport
 Properly pack the Hazmat with tank, bulk container
 Use formal procedures on how the materials should be packed
 Use cards to indentify the type of hazmat being transport
 Test the package to meet the requirements
 Be careful about the signs and codes
What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
Orange: Explosive
Red: Flammable Gas and
Liquid
White: Poison
Black/White: Corrosive
Yellow: Oxidizer
Green: Non-flammable gas
Yellow/White: Radio Active

19. Suggest routes for a safe
Hazmat transportation.

20. The transportation of hazmat is regulated under
 the Federal Hazardous Materials Transportation Act in US
 the Federal Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act in Canada.
What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
Dictate certain routes to hazmat carriers
Imposing curfews on the use of the road segments (permanent or time-based) ----- >
blocking some roads
Ex. ban on trucks carrying non-radioactive hazmat on certain road segments
2
Hazmat
transportation
network design
policies (HTND)

21. What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
 Discourage drivers from using certain roads
 Flexible solutions for regulators
 Acceptable choices to carrier
Route the vehicles to less
populated / less congested roads
by their own selection
3
Toll setting (TS)

22. 4
Dual Toll setting
(TS)
What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
Toll on both
Regular vehicles and
Hazmat trucks
To separate regular and hazmat during transportation

23. How I can access Hazmat DATA and Information!!!
FMCSA
Pipeline and Hazardous Material Safety Administration (PHMSA)
http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/