1. MANAGEMENT THEORIES

2. FREDRICK TAYLOR: SCIENTIFIC MGMT
Analysis and synthesis of workflow: economic
efficiency .
Principles:
1. Development of true science
2. Scientific selection of workmen, Scientific
education
3. Cooperation between MGMT and workers
4. Splitting work into equal shares, teamwork

3. HENRI FAYOL: 6 PRIMARY MGMT FUNCTIONS
1) Forecasting
 2) Planning
 3) Organizing
 4) Commanding
 5) Coordinating
 6) Controlling


4. MAX WEBER: BUREAUCRATIC MGMT
Divide the Organization into hierarchies
 Develop standard operating procedures
 Strong lines of authority and control


5. HAWTHORNE: HAWTHORNE EFFECT
A happy worker is a good worker
 People are not naturally rational or economic
beings (that’s what MGMT is for)
 Social interaction is key
 Experiments with breaks


6. DEMING: PROFOUND KNOWLEDGE
1) Appreciation: for the system and
interdependency
 2) Variation: change MGMT style based on
variables, workers, supplies, etc.
 3) Theory of Knowledge: evaluate the
process
 4) Psychology: understand your people


7. DEMING CONT.: TOTAL QUALITY MGMT
Customer Satisfaction
 Teamwork
 Quality is #1
 Shared commitment to quality


8. DOUGLASS MCGREGOR: THEORY X
Theory X: People are lazy, don’t want to work
 1) We dislike work
 2) We must be controlled or coerced into
working
 3) We prefer to be directed, we don’t want
responsibility


9. MCGREGOR: THEORY Y
Workers respond differently depending on how
MGMT interact with them
1) Avg human does not hate work and it is as
natural as play
2) People have self direction
3) Self actualization as motivation
4) Everyone seeks responsibility
5) Humans are creative and potential is only
partially realized

10. WILLIAM OUCHI: THEORY Z
Higher order of needs
 Lower-level needs: Employee’s well being
 Mid-level needs: incorporate the decision
making process
 High-level needs: encourage responsibility


11. PETER DRUCKER: MGMT BY OBJECTIVES
Setting goals
 Participative decision-making
 Implementing plans
 Performance feedback


12. SMITH: LAISSEZ FAIRE
Specialization of Labor (even though it
wastes a person’s mind)
 People are motivated by self interest and will
do what benefits them the most
