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Twelve Angry Men: Sociological Dynamics
12 Angry Men (1957) is the gripping, penetrating, and engrossing examination of a diverse group
of twelve jurors (all male, mostly middle-aged, white, and generally of middle-class status) who
are uncomfortably brought together to deliberate after hearing the 'facts' in a seemingly open-
and-shut murder trial case. They retire to a jury room to do their civic duty and serve up a just
verdict for the indigent minority defendant (with a criminal record) whose life is in the balance.
The film is a powerful indictment, denouncement and expose of the trial by jury system. The
frightened, teenaged defendant is on trial, as well as the jury and the American judicial system
with its purported sense of infallibility, fairness and lack of bias. The film is an example of social
interaction, conflicts, group functions, and cooperation.

The background information here is brief. It is done intentionally because since it is felt that what they
are and who they are will be revealed in their dialogue and actions during the course of the film. [The
number in brackets are added and represent the order in which the juror voted not guilty.]

Foreman: 35 years old. Assistant high-school football coach. A small petty men who is at first wary
of, and then impressed with the authority he has. Handles himself quite formally. Not overly bright but
dogged.[9]

Juror #2: 38 years old. Bank clerk. A meek, hesitant man who finds it difficult to maintain any
opinions of his own. Easily swayed and usually adopts the opinion of the last person to whom he has
spoken. [5]

Juror #3: 40 years old. Head of messenger service. A very strong, very forceful, extremely
opinionated man within whom can be detected a streak of sadism. A humorless man who is intolerant
of opinions other than his own, and accustomed to forcing his wishes and views upon others. [12]

Juror #4: 50 years old. Stockbroker. A man of wealth and position. A practiced speaker who presents
himself well at all times. Seems to feel a little bit above the rest of the jurors. His only concern is with
the facts in this case and he is appalled with the behavior of the others. Constantly preening himself,
combing his hair, cleaning his nails, etc. [10 - tie]

Juror #5: 25 years old. Mechanic. A naive, very frightened young man who takes his obligation in this
case very seriously but who finds it difficult to speak up when his elders have the floor. [3]

Juror #6: 33 years old. Housepainter. An honest, but dull-witted man who comes upon his decisions
slowly and carefully. A man who finds it difficult to create positive opinions, but who must listen to
and digest and accept those opinions offered by others which appeal to him most. [6]

Juror #7: 42 years old. Salesman. A loud, flashy, “gladhanded” salesman type who has more
important things to do than to sit on a jury. He is quick to show temper, quick to form opinions on
things about which he knows nothing. He is a bully, and, of course, a coward. [7]

Juror #8: 42 years old. Architect. A quiet, thoughtful, gentle man. A man who sees many sides to
every question and constantly seeks the truth. A man of strength tempered with compassion. Above all,
a man who wants justice to be done, and will fight to see that it is. [1]
                                                                                                               1
Juror #9: 70 years old. Retired. A mild, gentlefolk, long winded life, and now merely waiting to die. A
man who recognizes himself for what he is, and mourns the days when it would have been possible to
be courageous without shielding himself behind his many years. From the way he takes pills whenever
he is excited, it is obvious that he has a heart condition. [2]

Juror #10: 46 years old. Garage owner. An angry, bitter man. a man who antagonizes almost at sight.
A bigot who places no values on any human life save his own. A man who has been nowhere and is
going nowhere and knows it deep within him. He has a bad cold and continually blows his nose, sniffs
a benzedrine inhaler, etc. [10 - tie]

Juror #11: 48 years old. Watchmaker. A refugee from Europe who has come to this country in 1941.
A man who speaks with an accent and who is ashamed, humble, almost subservient to the people
around him, but a man who will honestly seek justice because he has suffered through so much
injustice. [4]

Juror #12: 30 years old. Advertising man. A slick, bright advertising man who thinks of human beings
in terms of percentages, graphs and polls, and has no real understanding of people. A superficial snob,
but trying to be a good fellow. Throughout the play he doodles on a scratch pad. [8]




                                                                                                      2
Name:___________________________ Period:________ Theme/group #_______Score:______/50

                        12 Angry Men: A study in Sociological Themes
Themes
   1. Conformity

   2. Minority Influence
   3. Attribution errors
   4. Attribution bias
   5. Leadership (3 styles)
   6. Persuasion
   7. Group Dynamics
   8. Decision Making
   9. Social Cognition (Schemas)
   10. Social Cognition (Heuristics)
   11. Prejudice
   12. Culture and Gender (how would this film be different if the jurors were not all white males)
   13. Conflict Perspective
   14. Vested Interests
   15. Sanctions (positive and negative)




Directions



You will have seen the 1957 film, "12 Angry Men" and a PowerPoint presentation that better identifies
and describes the characters in the film before beginning this small group research and presentation.
This film is an excellent example of many sociological themes applied into one cohesive film. The
best part is these themes are so naturally embedded in the group dynamic; the film maker did not need
to 'overplay' the social context.



In groups no larger than 3 members, you will have time in class to review the 15 sociological themes
before selecting yours for research and presentation.



Your presentation will be a simple one: 1 page single spaced (600 words) describing your theme in
general terms and specifically citing examples from the film. A PowerPoint slideshow with 10 slides
defining your theme, citing the textbook as a source, and using the character descriptions and situations
from the film to illustrate your findings. There are resources posted on the blog to help you. This
presentation will be due five days from the date of assignment, or:__________________________.




                                                                                                       3
Name:____________________ Email address:__________________________ Phone:____________

Name:____________________ Email address:__________________________ Phone:____________

Name:____________________ Email address:__________________________ Phone:____________



Theme choice #1_______

Theme choice #2 ______

Theme choice #3 ______




                     Scene examples to support sociological themes.




Scene #    Theme?             Quote or Description                                             ET
in film

1 Homeostasis          Getting the fan to work / opening the windows                     0:04:25

2 Stereotype           "I'll slap those kids down before they start any trouble"         0:06:39

3 Obedience            to authority Obeying the foreman                                  0:08:35

4 Motivation           "I have tickets to the ballgame."                                 0:08:42

7 Attribution          "They let those kids run wild out there"                          0:09:45

8 Dynamics             "Are you a Yankee fan." "No, Baltimore"                           0:10:04

9 Conformity           First vote (raise of hands, not all raise hands at once) 11-1     0:11:24

10 Vested Interest      "There's always one."                                            0:11:50

11 Vested Interest     "What's there to talk about?" "11 men here think he is guilty."   0:12:29

13 Persuasion          "Couldn't change my mind if we talked for a 100 years"            0:12:58

                                                                                                    4
14                    "This kid has been kicked around all of his life."         0:13:46

15                    "I've lived among them all my life."                       0:14:32

16                    "It's up to us to convince this gentleman that he is

                      wrong and we are right"                                    0:15:32

17                    "Claimed he was at the movie theatre, but one hour

                      later couldn't remember the names of the films he

                                                     saw…"                       0:17:15

18                    Perception Discussion of elevated train                    0:18:05

19                    "She's one of them too, isn't she?"                        0:18:19

20                    Could hear the argument                                    0:19:24

21                    "The kid has been hit so many times that violence is a

                      normal state of affairs with him.”                         0:19:47



23 Attribution bias   "Look at his record" (then list of confirming evidence)    0:20:20

24                    “Ever since he was five years old his father would beat

                       him up regularly, he used his fists.”                     0:20:38

25                    "It's these kids nowadays."                                0:20:48


26 Heuristic          "You know it and I know it" (born in slum)                 0:22:13

27                    Discussion of how Fonda's character found the knife        0:25:59

32 In-group/out-group "There are still 11 of us here who think he is guilty."    0:29:49

33 Motivation         "Let's get done and get out of here."                      0:30:34

34 Conformity         "If there are 11 votes for guilty, I won't stand alone."   0:31:13

35

38 Conformity         "This gentleman has been standing alone against us."       0:34:03


                                                                                           5
39

40 Dynamics            Juror who tells jokes to cover anxiety and to fit in         0:35:00

41 Persuasion          "I'm glad you're not one of those who lets emotional

                       appeals influence them."                                     0:35:58

42 Foot in the door    "Do you know what the soft sell is?" 0:36:37

50                     "If you say stuff to him like that again, I'm going to lay

                       you out."                                                    0:43:45

53 Attribution Error   "Bright? He's a common, ignorant, slob; he don't even

                       speak good English."                                         0:46:44

54 Conformity          Juror changes vote     (9-3)                                 0:46:54

55 Bystander effect    "Two, if he did hear it, he may not have connected it

                       with his own act."                                           0:50:40

58                     Juror changes vote     (8-4)                                 0:52:10

61                     "He was an old man, half of the time he was confused."       0:54:24

66 Conformity          Call for open vote     (6-6)                                 1:01:55

71                     "They're all alike."                                         1:08:56

72                     "The arrogance of this guy."                                 1:09:04

78 Conformity          Juror changes vote     (5-7)                                 1:15:43

79                     "There are some baseball tickets burning a hole in your

                       pocket."                                                     1:16:02

80                     Another vote (raise of hands) (3-9)                          1:17:09

81                     "You know how these people lie." (long diatribe)             1:17:58

82 heuristic           "I know a couple who are okay."                              1:18:39

83                     "We have to keep personal prejudice out of this."            1:20:22

85 Dyanmics            Discussion of lady's testimony                               1:21:21

                                                                                              6
87   Another vote (raise of hands)   (4-8)   1:22:54

90   Conformity New vote                     1:28:26



96   Final vote (0-12)




                                                       7
Essay and PowerPoint



A 600 word essay is basically the same as a five paragraph essay in length.

You have seen the film, have discussed the topics and have done internet research.

Here is a framework for your essay. Your audience is your classmates, write to peer-
educate and illustrate the relevance of the film, 12 Angry Men to this class, and more
specifically, your sociological theme. Ask questions. Don’t wait until the last minute.




Essay:



Introduction (paragraph 1):

Define your sociological term.
                                                                                          8
Describe the movie

Introduce the concept in sociological terms (use your textbook).



Transition to examples (paragraph 2-4)



Conclusion (paragraph 5):

Summarize introduction

Give opinion on movie and your theme




PowerPoint:



Introduction (slides 1-4):

Introduce yourselves

Define your sociological term.

Describe the movie

Introduce the concept in sociological terms (use your textbook).



Transition to examples (slides 5-8)



Conclusion (slides 9-10):

Summarize introduction
                                                                   9
Give opinion on movie and your theme




                                       10
11
12

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Twelve angry men ch. 4

  • 1. Twelve Angry Men: Sociological Dynamics 12 Angry Men (1957) is the gripping, penetrating, and engrossing examination of a diverse group of twelve jurors (all male, mostly middle-aged, white, and generally of middle-class status) who are uncomfortably brought together to deliberate after hearing the 'facts' in a seemingly open- and-shut murder trial case. They retire to a jury room to do their civic duty and serve up a just verdict for the indigent minority defendant (with a criminal record) whose life is in the balance. The film is a powerful indictment, denouncement and expose of the trial by jury system. The frightened, teenaged defendant is on trial, as well as the jury and the American judicial system with its purported sense of infallibility, fairness and lack of bias. The film is an example of social interaction, conflicts, group functions, and cooperation. The background information here is brief. It is done intentionally because since it is felt that what they are and who they are will be revealed in their dialogue and actions during the course of the film. [The number in brackets are added and represent the order in which the juror voted not guilty.] Foreman: 35 years old. Assistant high-school football coach. A small petty men who is at first wary of, and then impressed with the authority he has. Handles himself quite formally. Not overly bright but dogged.[9] Juror #2: 38 years old. Bank clerk. A meek, hesitant man who finds it difficult to maintain any opinions of his own. Easily swayed and usually adopts the opinion of the last person to whom he has spoken. [5] Juror #3: 40 years old. Head of messenger service. A very strong, very forceful, extremely opinionated man within whom can be detected a streak of sadism. A humorless man who is intolerant of opinions other than his own, and accustomed to forcing his wishes and views upon others. [12] Juror #4: 50 years old. Stockbroker. A man of wealth and position. A practiced speaker who presents himself well at all times. Seems to feel a little bit above the rest of the jurors. His only concern is with the facts in this case and he is appalled with the behavior of the others. Constantly preening himself, combing his hair, cleaning his nails, etc. [10 - tie] Juror #5: 25 years old. Mechanic. A naive, very frightened young man who takes his obligation in this case very seriously but who finds it difficult to speak up when his elders have the floor. [3] Juror #6: 33 years old. Housepainter. An honest, but dull-witted man who comes upon his decisions slowly and carefully. A man who finds it difficult to create positive opinions, but who must listen to and digest and accept those opinions offered by others which appeal to him most. [6] Juror #7: 42 years old. Salesman. A loud, flashy, “gladhanded” salesman type who has more important things to do than to sit on a jury. He is quick to show temper, quick to form opinions on things about which he knows nothing. He is a bully, and, of course, a coward. [7] Juror #8: 42 years old. Architect. A quiet, thoughtful, gentle man. A man who sees many sides to every question and constantly seeks the truth. A man of strength tempered with compassion. Above all, a man who wants justice to be done, and will fight to see that it is. [1] 1
  • 2. Juror #9: 70 years old. Retired. A mild, gentlefolk, long winded life, and now merely waiting to die. A man who recognizes himself for what he is, and mourns the days when it would have been possible to be courageous without shielding himself behind his many years. From the way he takes pills whenever he is excited, it is obvious that he has a heart condition. [2] Juror #10: 46 years old. Garage owner. An angry, bitter man. a man who antagonizes almost at sight. A bigot who places no values on any human life save his own. A man who has been nowhere and is going nowhere and knows it deep within him. He has a bad cold and continually blows his nose, sniffs a benzedrine inhaler, etc. [10 - tie] Juror #11: 48 years old. Watchmaker. A refugee from Europe who has come to this country in 1941. A man who speaks with an accent and who is ashamed, humble, almost subservient to the people around him, but a man who will honestly seek justice because he has suffered through so much injustice. [4] Juror #12: 30 years old. Advertising man. A slick, bright advertising man who thinks of human beings in terms of percentages, graphs and polls, and has no real understanding of people. A superficial snob, but trying to be a good fellow. Throughout the play he doodles on a scratch pad. [8] 2
  • 3. Name:___________________________ Period:________ Theme/group #_______Score:______/50 12 Angry Men: A study in Sociological Themes Themes 1. Conformity 2. Minority Influence 3. Attribution errors 4. Attribution bias 5. Leadership (3 styles) 6. Persuasion 7. Group Dynamics 8. Decision Making 9. Social Cognition (Schemas) 10. Social Cognition (Heuristics) 11. Prejudice 12. Culture and Gender (how would this film be different if the jurors were not all white males) 13. Conflict Perspective 14. Vested Interests 15. Sanctions (positive and negative) Directions You will have seen the 1957 film, "12 Angry Men" and a PowerPoint presentation that better identifies and describes the characters in the film before beginning this small group research and presentation. This film is an excellent example of many sociological themes applied into one cohesive film. The best part is these themes are so naturally embedded in the group dynamic; the film maker did not need to 'overplay' the social context. In groups no larger than 3 members, you will have time in class to review the 15 sociological themes before selecting yours for research and presentation. Your presentation will be a simple one: 1 page single spaced (600 words) describing your theme in general terms and specifically citing examples from the film. A PowerPoint slideshow with 10 slides defining your theme, citing the textbook as a source, and using the character descriptions and situations from the film to illustrate your findings. There are resources posted on the blog to help you. This presentation will be due five days from the date of assignment, or:__________________________. 3
  • 4. Name:____________________ Email address:__________________________ Phone:____________ Name:____________________ Email address:__________________________ Phone:____________ Name:____________________ Email address:__________________________ Phone:____________ Theme choice #1_______ Theme choice #2 ______ Theme choice #3 ______ Scene examples to support sociological themes. Scene # Theme? Quote or Description ET in film 1 Homeostasis Getting the fan to work / opening the windows 0:04:25 2 Stereotype "I'll slap those kids down before they start any trouble" 0:06:39 3 Obedience to authority Obeying the foreman 0:08:35 4 Motivation "I have tickets to the ballgame." 0:08:42 7 Attribution "They let those kids run wild out there" 0:09:45 8 Dynamics "Are you a Yankee fan." "No, Baltimore" 0:10:04 9 Conformity First vote (raise of hands, not all raise hands at once) 11-1 0:11:24 10 Vested Interest "There's always one." 0:11:50 11 Vested Interest "What's there to talk about?" "11 men here think he is guilty." 0:12:29 13 Persuasion "Couldn't change my mind if we talked for a 100 years" 0:12:58 4
  • 5. 14 "This kid has been kicked around all of his life." 0:13:46 15 "I've lived among them all my life." 0:14:32 16 "It's up to us to convince this gentleman that he is wrong and we are right" 0:15:32 17 "Claimed he was at the movie theatre, but one hour later couldn't remember the names of the films he saw…" 0:17:15 18 Perception Discussion of elevated train 0:18:05 19 "She's one of them too, isn't she?" 0:18:19 20 Could hear the argument 0:19:24 21 "The kid has been hit so many times that violence is a normal state of affairs with him.” 0:19:47 23 Attribution bias "Look at his record" (then list of confirming evidence) 0:20:20 24 “Ever since he was five years old his father would beat him up regularly, he used his fists.” 0:20:38 25 "It's these kids nowadays." 0:20:48 26 Heuristic "You know it and I know it" (born in slum) 0:22:13 27 Discussion of how Fonda's character found the knife 0:25:59 32 In-group/out-group "There are still 11 of us here who think he is guilty." 0:29:49 33 Motivation "Let's get done and get out of here." 0:30:34 34 Conformity "If there are 11 votes for guilty, I won't stand alone." 0:31:13 35 38 Conformity "This gentleman has been standing alone against us." 0:34:03 5
  • 6. 39 40 Dynamics Juror who tells jokes to cover anxiety and to fit in 0:35:00 41 Persuasion "I'm glad you're not one of those who lets emotional appeals influence them." 0:35:58 42 Foot in the door "Do you know what the soft sell is?" 0:36:37 50 "If you say stuff to him like that again, I'm going to lay you out." 0:43:45 53 Attribution Error "Bright? He's a common, ignorant, slob; he don't even speak good English." 0:46:44 54 Conformity Juror changes vote (9-3) 0:46:54 55 Bystander effect "Two, if he did hear it, he may not have connected it with his own act." 0:50:40 58 Juror changes vote (8-4) 0:52:10 61 "He was an old man, half of the time he was confused." 0:54:24 66 Conformity Call for open vote (6-6) 1:01:55 71 "They're all alike." 1:08:56 72 "The arrogance of this guy." 1:09:04 78 Conformity Juror changes vote (5-7) 1:15:43 79 "There are some baseball tickets burning a hole in your pocket." 1:16:02 80 Another vote (raise of hands) (3-9) 1:17:09 81 "You know how these people lie." (long diatribe) 1:17:58 82 heuristic "I know a couple who are okay." 1:18:39 83 "We have to keep personal prejudice out of this." 1:20:22 85 Dyanmics Discussion of lady's testimony 1:21:21 6
  • 7. 87 Another vote (raise of hands) (4-8) 1:22:54 90 Conformity New vote 1:28:26 96 Final vote (0-12) 7
  • 8. Essay and PowerPoint A 600 word essay is basically the same as a five paragraph essay in length. You have seen the film, have discussed the topics and have done internet research. Here is a framework for your essay. Your audience is your classmates, write to peer- educate and illustrate the relevance of the film, 12 Angry Men to this class, and more specifically, your sociological theme. Ask questions. Don’t wait until the last minute. Essay: Introduction (paragraph 1): Define your sociological term. 8
  • 9. Describe the movie Introduce the concept in sociological terms (use your textbook). Transition to examples (paragraph 2-4) Conclusion (paragraph 5): Summarize introduction Give opinion on movie and your theme PowerPoint: Introduction (slides 1-4): Introduce yourselves Define your sociological term. Describe the movie Introduce the concept in sociological terms (use your textbook). Transition to examples (slides 5-8) Conclusion (slides 9-10): Summarize introduction 9
  • 10. Give opinion on movie and your theme 10
  • 11. 11
  • 12. 12