3. The number of specimens in
the natural history museum-
and university-collec7ons
worldwide is es7mated to 2
to 3 billion objects (Ariño
2010; Duckworth et al. 1993).
These collec7ons prove a
unique overview of biological
and ecological processes
across temporal and spa7al
dimensions. These collec7ons
provide an effec-ve and cost-
efficient mechanism for the
study of biological diversity.
Photo: Botany Collection, Algae, Smithsonian National
Museum of Natural History Museum, by Chip Clark.
4. ≈ 8,5 million objects in Norwegian natural
history collections (≈ 3,5 million in GBIF, 41%)
Fungi: 640 000
Vascular plants:
2,2 million
Vertebrates: 670 000
Invertebrates: 600 000
Insects: 3,4 million
Photos: Karsten Sund (NHM-UiO); slide by Eirik Rindal (NHM-UiO) 2014-04-01
Paleontology:
900 000
Approx. 55 pct digitized & published in GBIF
Approx. 60 pct digitized & in GBIF
Approx. 30 pct digitized & in GBIF
Approx. 75 pct digitized & in GBIF
Approx. 30 pct digitized & in GBIF
5. Natural History collections provide a
unique resource – when they are
digitized and made publically
available.
Natural scientists can study historical
samples and their properties for
specimens archived together with
information about:
What – Where – When – Who
The archived specimens provide
access for scientists of today to DNA
from individual specimens sampled
hundreds of years ago – some
specimens even pre-dating Carl
Linnaeus (1707-1778).
IllustraAon from Parkes, K. C. (1963)
6. The largest challenge for efficient
utilization of these biodiversity
collections are lacking access to
digitized electronic information
about the specimen objects
(Berendsohn et al. 2010).
Global Biodiversity Information
Facility (GBIF) is a global
organization with a mission of
"Free and open access to
biodiversity data".
http://www.gbif.org
Photo: Ornithology Collection, Smithsonian National
Museum of Natural History Museum, by Chip Clark.
7. Digitisation – of information
from the specimen label
Photo: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, USNM-445024-Eutoxeres-aquila
8. Catalog number: O-L-000014 http://purl.org/nhmuio/id/41d9cbb4-4590-4265-8079-ca44d46d27c3
Photo: Curator Einar Timdal making images of type specimens in the NHM-UiO lichen herbarium in 2013 by Dag Endresen, CC-by.
34. GBIF enables free and open access to
biodiversity data online.
We are an international government-initiated and -funded initiative focused on
making biodiversity data available to all and anyone, for scientific research,
conservation and sustainable development.
Status
10th October 2016
35. Data—by GBIF participant
NOTE: Datasets are assigned to countries according to the location of the publishing institution,
including aggregated datasets with contributors from many other countries. http://www.gbif.org | 09 JUN 2016
1. United States 3,348,499 6. Belgium 1,620423
2. Denmark 2,972,094 7. Netherlands 1,094,804
3. Germany 2,868,240 8. Australia 859,896
4. Norway 2,322,797 9. Costa Rica 810,035
5. Spain 2,238,363 10. South Africa 436,236
1. United States 271,901,500 6. Netherlands 24,241,092
2. Sweden 53,776,182 7. Norway 23,811,863
3. United Kingdom 49,786,646 8. Germany 22,151,479
4. France 39,896,982 9. Finland 16,612,735
5. Australia 37,489,401 10. Spain 13,630,866
Number of new records published—Top 10 participant Countries
(1 to 31 May 2016)
Total number of records published—Top 10 Participant Countries
(as of 31 May 2016)
Other
South Africa
Costa Rica
Australia
Netherlands
Belgium
Spain
Norway
Germany
Denmark
United States
Norway
Norway
Status May 2016
36. Node team at NHM, University of Oslo
Dag Endresen, Node manager
Christian Svindseth, Database manager
Fridtjof Mehlum, Research director
Einar Timdal, Associate professor
Geir Søli, Associate professor
Vidar Bakken, Consultant
Artsdatabanken, Trondheim
Wouter Koch
Nils Valland
NTNU University Museum
Anders Finstad, GBIF Science committee
Research Council of Norway
Per Backe-Hansen, Head of delegation
Contact us at: gbif-drift@nhm.uio.no