Make Just Culture just your culture

1. 1 MAKE JUST CULTURE JUST YOUR CULTURE It’s not what we believe, it’s what we do, that defines our culture. Dan Barker Chief Architect - Archer @barkerd427

2. 2 Background A just culture is a culture of trust, learning and accountability. - Sidney Dekker @barkerd427

3. 3 Restorative vs Retributive Just Culture ▪ Restorative − What needs exist? − Who’s going to be accountable − Learning ▪ Retributive − What happened and who did it? − Who should have stopped this? − Blaming @barkerd427

4. 4 Pathological vs Bureaucratic vs Generative ▪ Power oriented ▪ Low cooperation ▪ Messengers shot ▪ Responsibilities Shirked ▪ Bridging discouraged ▪ Failure -> scapegoating ▪ Novelty crushed @barkerd427 ▪ Rule oriented ▪ Moderate cooperation ▪ Messengers neglected ▪ Narrow responsibilities ▪ Bridging tolerated ▪ Failure -> justice ▪ Novelty -> problems ▪ Performance oriented ▪ High cooperation ▪ Messengers trained ▪ Risks are shared ▪ Bridging encouraged ▪ Failure -> inquiry ▪ Novelty implemented

6. 6 How Complex Systems Fail ▪ Always in a state of failure ▪ There is no “root cause” ▪ All actions are gambles ▪ Humans are the solution ▪ Change creates new failure modes @barkerd427

7. 7 “Safety is not the absence of accidents. Safety is the presence of defenses” Todd Conklin @barkerd427

8. 8 5 Components of Mindfulness ▪ A constant concern about the possibility of failure ▪ Deference to expertise regardless of rank or status ▪ An ability to adapt when the unexpected occurs ▪ An ability to both concentrate on a specific task while having a sense of the bigger picture ▪ An ability to alter and flatten hierarchy as best fits the situation @barkerd427

9. 9 Why? ▪ Open communication and transparency decreases litigation ▪ Aviation safety record ▪ Improve outcomes as a byproduct ▪ Potentially increase output ▪ Happier team members @barkerd427

10. 10 “Start where you are. Use what you have. Do what you can.” Arthur Ashe @barkerd427

11. 11 Areas where you can help ▪ Enquiry into failure ▪ Information transparency ▪ Cross-functional collaboration ▪ Share responsibilities @barkerd427

12. 12 Enquiry into failure ▪ Organize a blameless post-mortem ▪ Change your language − I should have -> I did x and expected y, but saw z − Focus on what you will do next ▪ Introduce more feedback @barkerd427

13. 13 Information transparency ▪ Get information out of email ▪ Open meetings ▪ Finalize decisions asynchronously ▪ Use Slack or Teams ▪ Teach others @barkerd427

14. 14 Cross-functional collaboration ▪ Invite other functions ▪ Hackathon ▪ Mixer channel on Slack ▪ Make goals cross-functional ▪ Create a dev/ops rotation @barkerd427

15. 15 Share responsibilities ▪ Make team goals rather than individual ▪ Volunteer to help others ▪ When failure occurs, don’t blame @barkerd427

16. 16 You play a part in your culture ▪ Influence culture ▪ Be patient ▪ Don’t let the culture hurt you @barkerd427

17. 17 References ▪ http://sidneydekker.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/RestorativeJustCultureC hecklist.pdf ▪ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1765804/pdf/v013p0ii22.pdf ▪ https://web.mit.edu/2.75/resources/random/How%20Complex%20Systems%20 Fail.pdf ▪ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1955339/ @barkerd427

18. 18 Dan Barker dan@danbarker.codes danbarker.codes dan.barker@rsa.com rsa.com @barkerd427

Make Just Culture just your culture

Daniel Barker

Make Just Culture just your culture